prometheus容器部署（prom、rule、alert、dingding）

prometheus

先创建好映射目录/data/prometheus，然后把配置文件放上去，包括prom、record、alert配置，然后再启动容器

#cat prometheus.yml 
global:
  scrape_interval:     60s
  evaluation_interval: 60s

rule_files:
   - "/etc/prometheus/node-exporter-record-rules.yml"
   - "/etc/prometheus/node-exporter-alert-rules.yml"

alerting:
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
    - targets:
      - 192.168.18.19:9093
 
scrape_configs:
  - job_name: prometheus
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['localhost:9090']
        labels:
          instance: prometheus
 
  - job_name: linux
    static_configs:
          - targets: ['10.0.23.211:9100']
            labels:
              instance: 10.0.23.211
    

          - targets: ['10.0.23.210:9100']
            labels:
              instance: 10.0.23.210

　　

# cat node-exporter-record-rules.yml
groups:
  - name: linux
    rules:
    - expr: up
      record: node_exporter:up 
      labels: 
        desc: "节点是否在线, 在线1,不在线0"
        unit: " "
        job: "linux"
    - expr: time() - node_boot_time_seconds{}
      record: node_exporter:node_uptime
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的运行时间"
        unit: "s"
        job: "linux"
##############################################################################################
#                              cpu                                                           #
    - expr: (1 - avg by (environment,instance) (irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{job="linux",mode="idle"}[5m])))  * 100 
      record: node_exporter:cpu:total:percent
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的cpu总消耗百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "linux"

    - expr: (avg by (environment,instance) (irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{job="linux",mode="idle"}[5m])))  * 100 
      record: node_exporter:cpu:idle:percent
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的cpu idle百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "linux"

    - expr: (avg by (environment,instance) (irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{job="linux",mode="iowait"}[5m])))  * 100 
      record: node_exporter:cpu:iowait:percent
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的cpu iowait百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "linux"


    - expr: (avg by (environment,instance) (irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{job="linux",mode="system"}[5m])))  * 100 
      record: node_exporter:cpu:system:percent
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的cpu system百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "linux"

    - expr: (avg by (environment,instance) (irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{job="linux",mode="user"}[5m])))  * 100 
      record: node_exporter:cpu:user:percent
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的cpu user百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "linux"

    - expr: (avg by (environment,instance) (irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{job="linux",mode=~"softirq|nice|irq|steal"}[5m])))  * 100 
      record: node_exporter:cpu:other:percent
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的cpu 其他的百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "linux"
##############################################################################################


##############################################################################################
#                                    memory                                                  #
    - expr: node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{job="linux"}
      record: node_exporter:memory:total
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的内存总量"
        unit: byte
        job: "linux"

    - expr: node_memory_MemFree_bytes{job="linux"}
      record: node_exporter:memory:free
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的剩余内存量"
        unit: byte
        job: "linux"

    - expr: node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{job="linux"} - node_memory_MemFree_bytes{job="linux"}
      record: node_exporter:memory:used
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的已使用内存量"
        unit: byte
        job: "linux"

    - expr: node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{job="linux"} - node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes{job="linux"}
      record: node_exporter:memory:actualused
      labels: 
        desc: "节点用户实际使用的内存量"
        unit: byte
        job: "linux"

    - expr: (1-(node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes{job="linux"} / (node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{job="linux"})))* 100
      record: node_exporter:memory:used:percent
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的内存使用百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "linux"

    - expr: ((node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes{job="linux"} / (node_memory_MemTotal_bytes{job="linux"})))* 100
      record: node_exporter:memory:free:percent
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的内存剩余百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "linux"
##############################################################################################
#                                   load                                                     #
    - expr: sum by (instance) (node_load1{job="linux"})
      record: node_exporter:load:load1
      labels: 
        desc: "系统1分钟负载"
        unit: " "
        job: "linux"

    - expr: sum by (instance) (node_load5{job="linux"})
      record: node_exporter:load:load5
      labels: 
        desc: "系统5分钟负载"
        unit: " "
        job: "linux"

    - expr: sum by (instance) (node_load15{job="linux"})
      record: node_exporter:load:load15
      labels: 
        desc: "系统15分钟负载"
        unit: " "
        job: "linux"
   
##############################################################################################
#                                 disk                                                       #
    - expr: node_filesystem_size_bytes{job="linux" ,fstype=~"ext4|xfs"}
      record: node_exporter:disk:usage:total
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的磁盘总量"
        unit: byte
        job: "linux"

    - expr: node_filesystem_avail_bytes{job="linux",fstype=~"ext4|xfs"}
      record: node_exporter:disk:usage:free
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的磁盘剩余空间"
        unit: byte
        job: "linux"

    - expr: node_filesystem_size_bytes{job="linux",fstype=~"ext4|xfs"} - node_filesystem_avail_bytes{job="linux",fstype=~"ext4|xfs"}
      record: node_exporter:disk:usage:used
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的磁盘使用的空间"
        unit: byte
        job: "linux"

    - expr:  (1 - node_filesystem_avail_bytes{job="linux",fstype=~"ext4|xfs"} / node_filesystem_size_bytes{job="linux",fstype=~"ext4|xfs"}) * 100 
      record: node_exporter:disk:used:percent    
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的磁盘的使用百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "linux"

    - expr: irate(node_disk_reads_completed_total{job="linux"}[1m])
      record: node_exporter:disk:read:count:rate
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的磁盘读取速率"
        unit: "次/秒"
        job: "linux"

    - expr: irate(node_disk_writes_completed_total{job="linux"}[1m])
      record: node_exporter:disk:write:count:rate
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的磁盘写入速率"
        unit: "次/秒"
        job: "linux"

    - expr: (irate(node_disk_written_bytes_total{job="linux"}[1m]))/1024/1024
      record: node_exporter:disk:read:mb:rate
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的设备读取MB速率"
        unit: "MB/s"
        job: "linux"

    - expr: (irate(node_disk_read_bytes_total{job="linux"}[1m]))/1024/1024
      record: node_exporter:disk:write:mb:rate
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的设备写入MB速率"
        unit: "MB/s"
        job: "linux"

##############################################################################################
#                                filesystem                                                  #
    - expr:   (1 -node_filesystem_files_free{job="linux",fstype=~"ext4|xfs"} / node_filesystem_files{job="linux",fstype=~"ext4|xfs"}) * 100 
      record: node_exporter:filesystem:used:percent    
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的inode的剩余可用的百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "linux"
#############################################################################################
#                                filefd                                                     #
    - expr: node_filefd_allocated{job="linux"}
      record: node_exporter:filefd_allocated:count
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的文件描述符打开个数"
        unit: "%"
        job: "linux"
 
    - expr: node_filefd_allocated{job="linux"}/node_filefd_maximum{job="linux"} * 100 
      record: node_exporter:filefd_allocated:percent
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的文件描述符打开百分比"
        unit: "%"
        job: "linux"

#############################################################################################
#                                network                                                    #
    - expr: avg by (environment,instance,device) (irate(node_network_receive_bytes_total{device=~"eth0|eth1|ens33|ens37"}[1m]))
      record: node_exporter:network:netin:bit:rate
      labels: 
        desc: "节点网卡eth0每秒接收的比特数"
        unit: "bit/s"
        job: "linux"

    - expr: avg by (environment,instance,device) (irate(node_network_transmit_bytes_total{device=~"eth0|eth1|ens33|ens37"}[1m]))
      record: node_exporter:network:netout:bit:rate
      labels: 
        desc: "节点网卡eth0每秒发送的比特数"
        unit: "bit/s"
        job: "linux"

    - expr: avg by (environment,instance,device) (irate(node_network_receive_packets_total{device=~"eth0|eth1|ens33|ens37"}[1m]))
      record: node_exporter:network:netin:packet:rate
      labels: 
        desc: "节点网卡每秒接收的数据包个数"
        unit: "个/秒"
        job: "linux"

    - expr: avg by (environment,instance,device) (irate(node_network_transmit_packets_total{device=~"eth0|eth1|ens33|ens37"}[1m]))
      record: node_exporter:network:netout:packet:rate
      labels: 
        desc: "节点网卡发送的数据包个数"
        unit: "个/秒"
        job: "linux"

    - expr: avg by (environment,instance,device) (irate(node_network_receive_errs_total{device=~"eth0|eth1|ens33|ens37"}[1m]))
      record: node_exporter:network:netin:error:rate
      labels: 
        desc: "节点设备驱动器检测到的接收错误包的数量"
        unit: "个/秒"
        job: "linux"

    - expr: avg by (environment,instance,device) (irate(node_network_transmit_errs_total{device=~"eth0|eth1|ens33|ens37"}[1m]))
      record: node_exporter:network:netout:error:rate
      labels: 
        desc: "节点设备驱动器检测到的发送错误包的数量"
        unit: "个/秒"
        job: "linux"
      
    - expr: node_tcp_connection_states{job="linux", state="established"}
      record: node_exporter:network:tcp:established:count
      labels: 
        desc: "节点当前established的个数"
        unit: "个"
        job: "linux"

    - expr: node_tcp_connection_states{job="linux", state="time_wait"}
      record: node_exporter:network:tcp:timewait:count
      labels: 
        desc: "节点timewait的连接数"
        unit: "个"
        job: "linux"

    - expr: sum by (environment,instance) (node_tcp_connection_states{job="linux"})
      record: node_exporter:network:tcp:total:count
      labels: 
        desc: "节点tcp连接总数"
        unit: "个"
        job: "linux"
   
#############################################################################################
#                                process                                                    #
    - expr: node_processes_state{state="Z"}
      record: node_exporter:process:zoom:total:count
      labels: 
        desc: "节点当前状态为zoom的个数"
        unit: "个"
        job: "linux"
#############################################################################################
#                                other                                                    #
    - expr: abs(node_timex_offset_seconds{job="linux"})
      record: node_exporter:time:offset
      labels: 
        desc: "节点的时间偏差"
        unit: "s"
        job: "linux"

#############################################################################################
   
    - expr: count by (instance) ( count by (instance,cpu) (node_cpu_seconds_total{ mode='system'}) ) 
      record: node_exporter:cpu:count
#

　　

# cat node-exporter-alert-rules.yml 
groups:
  - name: node-exporter-alert
    rules:
    - alert: node-exporter-down
      expr: node_exporter:up == 0 
      for: 1m
      labels: 
        severity: info
      annotations: 
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} 宕机了"  
        description: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} 
- job: {{ $labels.job }} 关机了， 时间已经1分钟了。" 
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"



    - alert: node-exporter-cpu-high 
      expr:  node_exporter:cpu:total:percent > 80
      for: 3m
      labels: 
        severity: info
      annotations: 
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} cpu 使用率高于 {{ $value }}"  
        description: ""    
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"


    - alert: node-exporter-cpu-iowait-high 
      expr:  node_exporter:cpu:iowait:percent >= 12
      for: 3m
      labels: 
        severity: info
      annotations: 
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} cpu iowait 使用率高于 {{ $value }}"  
        description: ""    
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"



    - alert: node-exporter-memory-high
      expr:  node_exporter:memory:used:percent > 80
      for: 3m
      labels: 
        severity: info
      annotations: 
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} memory 使用率高于 {{ $value }}"  
        description: ""    
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"


    - alert: node-exporter-disk-high
      expr:  node_exporter:disk:used:percent > 80
      for: 10m
      labels: 
        severity: info
      annotations: 
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} disk 使用率高于 {{ $value }}"  
        description: ""    
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"

    - alert: node-exporter-inode-high
      expr:  node_exporter:filesystem:used:percent > 80
      for: 10m
      labels: 
        severity: info
      annotations: 
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} inode 使用率高于 {{ $value }}"  
        description: ""    
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"

    - alert: node-exporter-filefd-allocated-percent-high 
      expr:  node_exporter:filefd_allocated:percent > 80
      for: 10m
      labels: 
        severity: info
      annotations: 
        summary: "instance: {{ $labels.instance }} 打开文件描述符 高于 {{ $value }}"  
        description: ""    
        value: "{{ $value }}"
        instance: "{{ $labels.instance }}"

　　

docker run -d -p 9090:9090 
 -v /data/prometheus:/etc/prometheus/ -v /data/promdata:/prometheus 
 -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro -v /etc/timezone:/etc/timezone:ro prom/prometheus 
 --config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml 
 --storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus 
 --web.console.libraries=/usr/share/prometheus/console_libraries 
 --web.console.templates=/usr/share/prometheus/consoles 
 --web.enable-admin-api 	# 控制对admin HTTP API的访问，其中包括删除时间序列等功能
 --web.enable-lifecycle		# 支持热更新，直接执行localhost:9090/-/reload立即生效

　　

下载node_exporter后放入/usr/local/bin/

chmod +x node_exporter

groupadd -r prometheus
useradd -r -g prometheus -s /sbin/nologin -M -c "prometheus Daemons" prometheus

cat << EOF > /usr/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service 
[Service]
User=prometheus
Group=prometheus
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/node_exporter

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[Unit]
Description=node_exporter
After=network.target 
EOF

systemctl start node_exporter
systemctl status node_exporter
systemctl enable node_exporter

　　

alertmanager

docker run -d -p 9093:9093  -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro -v /etc/timezone:/etc/timezone:ro  
 -v /etc/timezone:/etc/timezone:ro prom/alertmanager

alert没有映射配置文件，直接到容器里修改后重启

报警接收者走的是钉钉的webhook

cat /etc/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml
global:
  resolve_timeout: 5m
route:
  receiver: webhook
  group_wait: 30s
  group_interval: 5m
  repeat_interval: 4h
  group_by: [alertname]
  routes:
  - receiver: webhook
    group_wait: 10s
    match:
      team: node
 
receivers:
- name: webhook
  webhook_configs:
  - send_resolved: true
    url: http://192.168.18.19:8060/dingtalk/webhook1/send

　　

prometheus-webhook-dingtalk

启动时带上钉钉机器人给到的token启动

docker run -d --restart always -p 8060:8060  -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro -v /etc/timezone:/etc/timezone:ro  timonwong/prometheus-webhook-dingtalk --ding.profile="webhook1=https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=xxx"