MySQL 备份脚本（单库/分库分表）

目录

• MySQL数据库分库备份
• MySQL数据库分库分表备份

MySQL数据库分库备份

数据库密码保存在/etc/my.cnf文件中，所以在执行与mysql相关的命令不需要输入密码

分库备份思路：

mysqldump  db1 >db1.sql.gz
mysqldump  db2 >db2.sql.gz

拿到库名

mysql  -e 'show databases' |sed '1d' |grep -v "_schema"

1.注释版

#!/bin/bash
# author: xiongminghao
# mail: jasonminghao@163.com
# describe：Mysql database backup
# 定义变量
IP=$(ifconfig eth1 |awk 'NR==2{print $2}')
Path=/backup/database  # 备份目录路径
Time=$(date +%F)
Ba_Path=$Path/$Time
Ba_Logs=/var/log/db_database_$Time # 定义一个存放日志的文件
Md5_Path=$Path/$Time/md5 # 定义一个存放md5校验的目录


# 创建两个目录以当天时间为命名
[ ! -d $Ba_Path ] && mkdir $Ba_Path
[ ! -d $Md5_Path ] && mkdir $Md5_Path 

# 循环获取数据库名进行备份和生成MD5校验文件
for dbname in `mysql  -e 'show databases' |sed '1d' |grep -v "_schema"`
do
# 判断是否有数据库已经备份了,如果备份了则continue 调出当次循环，否则进行备份
 
if [ ! -f $Ba_Path/${dbname}.sql.gz ];then  
  
   # 备份参数 
   # -B 增加use[name]语句, -R 备份存储过程和函数数据
   # --master=data2 记录备份时刻的binlog位置点，2表示将其位置点注释
   # --single-ransaction 对innodb引擎进行热备（对数据进行快照）
   # gzip 对备份的数据进行gzip压缩
   mysqldump  -B -R --master-data=2 --single-transaction  |gzip >$Ba_Path/${dbname}.sql.gz
   RETVAL=$?
   
   # 通过返回值判断备份是否执行成功,把执行的成功与否纪录到日志中
   [ $? -eq 0 ] && echo "${dbname} successful" >>$Ba_Logs || echo "${dbname} failed" >>$Ba_Logs
   
   # 对数据库的数据完整性做MD5校验
   md5sum $Ba_Path/${dbname}.sql.gz  >$Md5_Path/${dbname}_md5.log
     
 else
    # 如果备份已存在则跳出当次循环,进行下次循环
    continue
     
  fi
done

# 将备份日志结果邮件方式发送给管理员
 mail -s "$HOSTNAME $IP" jasonminghao@163.com < $Ba_Logs  

2.非注释版

#!/bin/bash

IP=$(ifconfig eth1 |awk 'NR==2{print $2}')
Path=/backup/database 
Time=$(date +%F)
Ba_Path=$Path/$Time
Ba_Logs=/var/log/db_database_$Time 
Md5_Path=$Path/$Time/md5 

[ ! -d $Ba_Path ] && mkdir $Ba_Path
[ ! -d $Md5_Path ] && mkdir $Md5_Path 

for dbname in `mysql  -e 'show databases' |sed '1d' |grep -v "_schema"`
do
 
if [ ! -f $Ba_Path/${dbname}.sql.gz ];then  

   mysqldump  -B -R --master-data=2 --single-transaction  |gzip >$Ba_Path/${dbname}.sql.gz
   RETVAL=$?
   
   [ $? -eq 0 ] && echo "${dbname} successful" >>$Ba_Logs || echo "${dbname} failed" >>$Ba_Logs
   
   md5sum $Ba_Path/${dbname}.sql.gz  >$Md5_Path/${dbname}_md5.log

 else
    continue
     
  fi
done

 mail -s "$HOSTNAME $IP" jasonminghao@163.com < $Ba_Logs  

MySQL数据库分库分表备份

数据库密码保存在/etc/my.cnf文件中，所以在执行与mysql相关的命令不需要输入密码

分库分表备份思路：

#库名db1，两张表
mysqldump  db1 table01 >db1_table01.sql.gz
mysqldump  db1 table02 >db1_table01.sql.gz

#库名db2，两张表
mysqldump  db2 table01 >db2_table01.sql.gz
mysqldump  db2 table02 >db2_table02.sql.gz

拿到表名列表

mysql  -e "show tables from db1;" |sed 1d

1.注释版

#!/bin/bash
# author: xiongminghao
# mail: jasonminghao@163.com
# describe：Mysql database table backup
# 定义变量
IP=$(ifconfig eth1 |awk 'NR==2{print $2}')
Path=/backup/table # 备份目录
Time=$(date +%F)
Ba_Path=$Path/$Time
Ba_Logs=/var/log/db_table_$Time  # 定义一个存放日志的文件
Md5_Path=$Path/$Time/md5 # 定义一个存放md5校验的目录

# 创建两个目录以当天时间为命名
[ ! -d $Ba_Path ] && mkdir $Ba_Path
[ ! -d $Md5_Path ] && mkdir $Md5_Path 

# 循环获取数据库名
for dbname in `mysql  -e 'show databases' |sed '1d' |grep -v "_schema"`
do

  # 循环获取到数据库名后再次循环获取到该库名下的表，进行备份和MD5校验
  for tablename in `mysql -e "show tables from $dbname" |sed '1d'`
  do

  # 判断是否有表已经备份了,如果备份了则continue 调出当次循环，否则进行备份   
  if [ ! -f $Ba_Path/${dbname}_${tablename}.sql.gz ];then  
  
   mysqldump -R --master-data=2 --single-transaction  ${dbname} ${tablename} |gzip >$Ba_Path/${dbname}_${tablename}.sql.gz
   RETVAL=$?
   
   # 通过返回值判断备份是否执行成功,把执行的成功与否纪录到日志中   
   [ $? -eq 0 ] && echo "${dbname}_${tablename} successful" >>$Ba_Logs || echo "${dbname}_${tablename} failed" >>$Ba_Logs
   # 对表的数据完整性做MD5校验    
   md5sum $Ba_Path/${dbname}_${tablename}.sql.gz  >$Md5_Path/${dbname}_${tablename}_md5.log
     
 else
    continue
   
  fi
 done
done
# 将备份日志结果邮件方式发送给管理员
mail -s "$HOSTNAME $IP" jasonminghao@163.com < $Ba_Logs 

2.非注释版

IP=$(ifconfig eth1 |awk 'NR==2{print $2}')
Time=$(date +%F)
Ba_Path=$Path/$Time

[ ! -d $Ba_Path ] && mkdir $Ba_Path
[ ! -d $Md5_Path ] && mkdir $Md5_Path 

for dbname in `mysql  -e 'show databases' |sed '1d' |grep -v "_schema"`
do

  for tablename in `mysql -e "show tables from $dbname" |sed '1d'`
  do

  if [ ! -f $Ba_Path/${dbname}_${tablename}.sql.gz ];then  
  
   mysqldump -R --master-data=2 --single-transaction  ${dbname} ${tablename} |gzip >$Ba_Path/${dbname}_${tablename}.sql.gz
   RETVAL=$?
   
   [ $? -eq 0 ] && echo "${dbname}_${tablename} successful" >>$Ba_Logs || echo "${dbname}_${tablename} failed" >>$Ba_Logs
   md5sum $Ba_Path/${dbname}_${tablename}.sql.gz  >$Md5_Path/${dbname}_${tablename}_md5.log
     
 else
    continue
   
  fi
 done
done
mail -s "$HOSTNAME $IP" jasonminghao@163.com < $Ba_Logs