第二十三章 springboot + 全局异常处理

一、单个controller范围的异常处理

package com.xxx.secondboot.web;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.xxx.secondboot.exception.MyExceptionResponse;

import io.swagger.annotations.Api;

@Api("测试controllerAdvice和全局异常处理")
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/advice1")
public class AdviceController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/test1", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String test1() {
        throw new RuntimeException("advice1 - exception1");
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/test2", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String test2() {
        throw new RuntimeException("advice1 - exception2");
    }

    @ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class)
    public MyExceptionResponse exceptionHandler() {
        MyExceptionResponse resp = new MyExceptionResponse();
        resp.setCode(300);
        resp.setMsg("exception-Handler");
        return resp;
    }

}

说明：

• 在controller中加入被@ExceptionHandler修饰的类即可（在该注解中指定该方法需要处理的那些异常类）
• 该异常处理方法只在当前的controller中起作用

二、全部controller范围内起作用的异常处理（全局异常处理）

1、全局异常处理类

package com.xxx.secondboot.web;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.xxx.secondboot.exception.MyExceptionResponse;
import com.xxx.secondboot.exception.MyRuntimeException;

//@ControllerAdvice(annotations=RestController.class)
//@ControllerAdvice(basePackages={"com.xxx","com.ooo"})
@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
    @ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class)
    //    @ExceptionHandler(value={RuntimeException.class,MyRuntimeException.class})
    //    @ExceptionHandler//处理所有异常
    @ResponseBody //在返回自定义相应类的情况下必须有，这是@ControllerAdvice注解的规定
    public MyExceptionResponse exceptionHandler(RuntimeException e, HttpServletResponse response) {
        MyExceptionResponse resp = new MyExceptionResponse();
        resp.setCode(300);
        resp.setMsg("exception-Handler");
        //        response.setStatus(600);
        return resp;
    }
}

说明：

• @ControllerAdvice是controller的一个辅助类，最常用的就是作为全局异常处理的切面类
• @ControllerAdvice可以指定扫描范围
• @ControllerAdvice约定了几种可行的返回值，如果是直接返回model类的话，需要使用@ResponseBody进行json转换
  • 返回String，表示跳到某个view
  • 返回modelAndView
  • 返回model + @ResponseBody

2、controller

package com.xxx.secondboot.web;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import io.swagger.annotations.Api;

@Api("测试controllerAdvice和全局异常处理")
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/advice1")
public class AdviceController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/test1", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String test1() {
        throw new RuntimeException("advice1 - exception1");
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/test2", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String test2() {
        throw new RuntimeException("advice1 - exception2");
    }

    //    @ExceptionHandler(RuntimeException.class)
    //    public MyExceptionResponse exceptionHandler() {
    //        MyExceptionResponse resp = new MyExceptionResponse();
    //        resp.setCode(300);
    //        resp.setMsg("exception-Handler");
    //        return resp;
    //    }

}

注意：

• 同一个异常被局部范围异常处理器和全局范围异常处理器同时覆盖，会选择小范围的局部范围处理器
• 同一个异常被小范围的异常类和大范围的异常处理器同时覆盖，会选择小范围的异常处理器

参考自：

• http://jinnianshilongnian.iteye.com/blog/1866350 开涛的@ControllerAdvice（三个作用）
• http://www.tuicool.com/articles/fA7nuii                springboot约定的异常处理体系
• https://spring.io/blog/2013/11/01/exception-handling-in-spring-mvc springMVC异常处理体系
• http://www.baeldung.com/2013/01/31/exception-handling-for-rest-with-spring-3-2/ springMVC异常处理体系