一、SpringAOP应用
- 先搭建一个SpringBoot项目
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.7.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.mmc</groupId>
<artifactId>springboot-study</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>springboot-study</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
- 定义一个业务逻辑类，作为切面
public interface CalculationService {
/**
* 加法运算
* @param x
* @param y
* @return
*/
public Integer add(Integer x,Integer y);
}
/**
* @description:
* @author: mmc
* @create: 2020-06-01 14:22
**/
@Service
public class CalculationServiceImpl implements CalculationService {
@Override
public Integer add(Integer x, Integer y) {
if(x==null||y==null){
throw new NullPointerException("参数不能为空");
}
return x+y;
}
}
- 定义一个切面类，添加通知方法
- 前置通知(@Before)：logStart：在目标方法(div)运行之前运行
- 后置通知(@After)：logEnd：在目标方法(add)运行结束之后运行（无论方法正常结束还是异常结束）
- 返回通知(@AfterReturning)：logReturn：在目标方法(add)正常返回之后运行
- 异常通知(@AfterThrowing)：logException：在目标方法(add)出现异常以后运行
- 环绕通知(@Around)：动态代理，手动推进目标方法运行（joinPoint.procced()）
/**
* @description: 切面类
* @author: mmc
* @create: 2020-06-01 14:24
**/
@Aspect
@Component
public class LogAspects {
//抽取公共的切入点表达式
//1、本类引用
//2、其他的切面引用
@Pointcut("execution(public Integer com.mmc.springbootstudy.service.CalculationService.*(..))")
public void pointCut(){};
@Before("pointCut()")
public void logStart(JoinPoint joinPoint){
Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs();
System.out.println(""+joinPoint.getSignature().getName()+"运行。。。@Before:参数列表是：{"+Arrays.asList(args)+"}");
}
@After("pointCut()")
public void logEnd(JoinPoint joinPoint){
System.out.println(""+joinPoint.getSignature().getName()+"结束。。。@After");
}
//JoinPoint一定要出现在参数表的第一位
@AfterReturning(value="pointCut()",returning="result")
public void logReturn(JoinPoint joinPoint,Object result){
System.out.println(""+joinPoint.getSignature().getName()+"正常返回。。。@AfterReturning:运行结果：{"+result+"}");
}
@AfterThrowing(value="pointCut()",throwing="exception")
public void logException(JoinPoint joinPoint,Exception exception){
System.out.println(""+joinPoint.getSignature().getName()+"异常。。。异常信息：{"+exception+"}");
}
}
- 写一个controller测试
@RequestMapping("/testaop")
@ResponseBody
public Integer testaop(Integer x,Integer y){
Integer result = calculationService.add(x, y);
return result;
}
- 测试
add运行。。。@Before:参数列表是：{[2, 3]}
add结束。。。@After
add正常返回。。。@AfterReturning:运行结果：{5}
二、源码分析
主线流程图：
- spring.factories文件里引入了AopAutoConfiguration类
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnClass({ EnableAspectJAutoProxy.class, Aspect.class, Advice.class, AnnotatedElement.class })
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.aop", name = "auto", havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = true)
public class AopAutoConfiguration {
@Configuration
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy(proxyTargetClass = false)
//看配置文件，如果配置的spring.aop.proxy-target-class为false则引入JdkDynamicAutoProxyConfiguration
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.aop", name = "proxy-target-class", havingValue = "false",
matchIfMissing = false)
public static class JdkDynamicAutoProxyConfiguration {
}
@Configuration
//开启AspectJAutoProxy
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy(proxyTargetClass = true)
//看配置文件，如果配置的spring.aop.proxy-target-class为true则引入CglibAutoProxyConfiguration
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.aop", name = "proxy-target-class", havingValue = "true",
matchIfMissing = true)
public static class CglibAutoProxyConfiguration {
}
}
在包目录下找到配置文件，并且发现他的值为true
在上面的方法上有EnableAspectJAutoProxy注解，并传入了proxyTargetClass=true
- 进入@EnableAspectJAutoProxy注解
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
//引入了AspectJAutoProxyRegistrar
@Import({AspectJAutoProxyRegistrar.class})
public @interface EnableAspectJAutoProxy {
boolean proxyTargetClass() default false;
boolean exposeProxy() default false;
}
- 进入AspectJAutoProxyRegistrar类
class AspectJAutoProxyRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {
AspectJAutoProxyRegistrar() {
}
public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
//注册了自动自动代理类
AopConfigUtils.registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(registry);
AnnotationAttributes enableAspectJAutoProxy = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(importingClassMetadata, EnableAspectJAutoProxy.class);
if (enableAspectJAutoProxy != null) {
if (enableAspectJAutoProxy.getBoolean("proxyTargetClass")) {
AopConfigUtils.forceAutoProxyCreatorToUseClassProxying(registry);
}
if (enableAspectJAutoProxy.getBoolean("exposeProxy")) {
AopConfigUtils.forceAutoProxyCreatorToExposeProxy(registry);
}
}
}
}
- 进入registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary方法里面
public static BeanDefinition registerAspectJAnnotationAutoProxyCreatorIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, @Nullable Object source) {
return registerOrEscalateApcAsRequired(AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator.class, registry, source);
}
可以看到返回了一个BeanDefinition，里面的BeanClass类型是AnnotationAwareAspectJAutoProxyCreator，这个类看名字是一个AOP的动态代理创建类，里面没有啥可疑的方法。在IDEA里按Ctrl+H看他的继承结构。有一个父类AbstractAutoProxyCreator，这个类实现了BeanPostProcessor接口。这个接口是Bean的扩展接口，在bean初始化完成后会调用到他的postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName)方法。
- 方法内容如下
public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(@Nullable Object bean, String beanName) {
if (bean != null) {
Object cacheKey = this.getCacheKey(bean.getClass(), beanName);
if (this.earlyProxyReferences.remove(cacheKey) != bean) {
//如果有必要，进行包装
return this.wrapIfNecessary(bean, beanName, cacheKey);
}
}
return bean;
}
protected Object wrapIfNecessary(Object bean, String beanName, Object cacheKey) {
if (StringUtils.hasLength(beanName) && this.targetSourcedBeans.contains(beanName)) {
return bean;
} else if (Boolean.FALSE.equals(this.advisedBeans.get(cacheKey))) {
return bean;
} else if (!this.isInfrastructureClass(bean.getClass()) && !this.shouldSkip(bean.getClass(), beanName)) {
//获取切面的方法，第9点那里展开讨论
Object[] specificInterceptors = this.getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(bean.getClass(), beanName, (TargetSource)null);
if (specificInterceptors != DO_NOT_PROXY) {
this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.TRUE);
//创建动态代理
Object proxy = this.createProxy(bean.getClass(), beanName, specificInterceptors, new SingletonTargetSource(bean));
this.proxyTypes.put(cacheKey, proxy.getClass());
return proxy;
} else {
this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);
return bean;
}
} else {
this.advisedBeans.put(cacheKey, Boolean.FALSE);
return bean;
}
}
- 可以看出这里已经在开始创建动态代理了
protected Object createProxy(Class<?> beanClass, @Nullable String beanName, @Nullable Object[] specificInterceptors, TargetSource targetSource) {
if (this.beanFactory instanceof ConfigurableListableBeanFactory) {
AutoProxyUtils.exposeTargetClass((ConfigurableListableBeanFactory)this.beanFactory, beanName, beanClass);
}
//动态代理工厂
ProxyFactory proxyFactory = new ProxyFactory();
proxyFactory.copyFrom(this);
if (!proxyFactory.isProxyTargetClass()) {
if (this.shouldProxyTargetClass(beanClass, beanName)) {
proxyFactory.setProxyTargetClass(true);
} else {
this.evaluateProxyInterfaces(beanClass, proxyFactory);
}
}
Advisor[] advisors = this.buildAdvisors(beanName, specificInterceptors);
//切面那里的方法
proxyFactory.addAdvisors(advisors);
proxyFactory.setTargetSource(targetSource);
this.customizeProxyFactory(proxyFactory);
proxyFactory.setFrozen(this.freezeProxy);
if (this.advisorsPreFiltered()) {
proxyFactory.setPreFiltered(true);
}
//获取动态代理类
return proxyFactory.getProxy(this.getProxyClassLoader());
}
- 学过AOP的人都知道动态代理的方式有两种，一种JDK代理，一种CGLIB动态代理。那么Spring里面是怎么选择的呢？答案就在这里：
public AopProxy createAopProxy(AdvisedSupport config) throws AopConfigException {
// 1.config.isOptimize()是否使用优化的代理策略，目前使用与CGLIB
// config.isProxyTargetClass() 是否目标类本身被代理而不是目标类的接口
// hasNoUserSuppliedProxyInterfaces()是否存在代理接口
if (!config.isOptimize() && !config.isProxyTargetClass() && !this.hasNoUserSuppliedProxyInterfaces(config)) {
return new JdkDynamicAopProxy(config);
} else {
Class<?> targetClass = config.getTargetClass();
if (targetClass == null) {
throw new AopConfigException("TargetSource cannot determine target class: Either an interface or a target is required for proxy creation.");
} else {
//目标类不是接口或不是代理类就使用cglib代理
return (AopProxy)(!targetClass.isInterface() && !Proxy.isProxyClass(targetClass) ? new ObjenesisCglibAopProxy(config) : new JdkDynamicAopProxy(config));
}
}
}
- Cglib的代理类是CglibAopProxy、ObjenesisCglibAopProxy，JDK的代理类是JdkDynamicAopProxy。在这些类里面对目标类进行了代理，在执行方法的时候就是执行的代理类的方法，而实现了切面编程的效果。
- 主线流程就是这些了，还有一个没说的就是我们如何获取的切面方法，@Before("pointCut()")这些注解又是如何生效的？再回到AbstractAutoProxyCreator的wrapIfNecessary()方法
里面有这句代码：
Object[] specificInterceptors = this.getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(bean.getClass(), beanName, (TargetSource)null);
@Nullable
protected Object[] getAdvicesAndAdvisorsForBean(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName, @Nullable TargetSource targetSource) {
List<Advisor> advisors = this.findEligibleAdvisors(beanClass, beanName);
return advisors.isEmpty() ? DO_NOT_PROXY : advisors.toArray();
}
protected List<Advisor> findEligibleAdvisors(Class<?> beanClass, String beanName) {
//查找候选的要切面附加的方法，这里加进去的
List<Advisor> candidateAdvisors = this.findCandidateAdvisors();
List<Advisor> eligibleAdvisors = this.findAdvisorsThatCanApply(candidateAdvisors, beanClass, beanName);
this.extendAdvisors(eligibleAdvisors);
if (!eligibleAdvisors.isEmpty()) {
eligibleAdvisors = this.sortAdvisors(eligibleAdvisors);
}
return eligibleAdvisors;
}
- 他会找到Aspect类，然后遍历里面的方法，并获取Pointcut，然后构造出Advisor，加入到集合List
advisors里，供动态代理时使用