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用JavaScript调用WCF Service

原创地址：http://www.cnblogs.com/jfzhu/p/4039604.html

转载请注明出处

前面介绍过《Step by Step 创建一个WCF Service》和《使用WCF的Trace与Message Log功能》，本文介绍一下如何用JavaScript来调用WCF Service。

WCF Service的代码如下：

IHelloService.cs

using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Activation;
using System.ServiceModel.Web;

namespace HelloService
{    
    [ServiceContract(Name = "IHelloService")]    
    public interface IHelloService
    {
        [OperationContract(Name="GetMessage")]        
        string GetMessage(string name);

        [OperationContract]
        Employee GetEmployee(int id);
    }
}

HelloService.cs

using System;

namespace HelloService
{    
    public class HelloService : IHelloService
    {
        public string GetMessage(string name)
        {
            return "Hello " + name;            
        }

        public Employee GetEmployee(int id)
        {
            return new Employee() { Id = id, Name="Neil Klugman", Birthdate=new DateTime(1930, 1, 31)};
        }
    }
}

web.config文件，注意高亮部分：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <serviceHostingEnvironment multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />    
    <services>
      <service name="HelloService.HelloService" behaviorConfiguration="metaBehavior">
        <endpoint address="" binding="webHttpBinding" contract="HelloService.IHelloService" behaviorConfiguration="ajaxServiceBehavior"></endpoint>
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"></endpoint>
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="http://localhost:8080"/>
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
      </service>      
    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <endpointBehaviors>
        <behavior name="ajaxServiceBehavior">
          <enableWebScript/>
        </behavior>
      </endpointBehaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="metaBehavior">
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true" />
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
        </behavior>
        <behavior name="">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" />
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

创建一个客户端web application，添加一个web form，WebForm1.aspx:

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="WebForm1.aspx.cs" Inherits="HelloWebClient.WebForm1" %>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head id="Head1" runat="server">
    <title>AJAX Service Client Page</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form id="form1" runat="server">
    <asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager" runat="server">
         <Services>
             <asp:ServiceReference Path="http://192.168.6.47:8080/HelloService.svc" />
         </Services>
    </asp:ScriptManager>        
    <script lang="javascript" type="text/javascript">
        function GetValueFromServer() {
            var name = document.getElementById('txtValueContainer').value;
            tempuri.org.IHelloService.GetMessage(name, onSuccess, onFailure, null);            
        }

        function onSuccess(result) {
            document.getElementById('labelResult').value = result;
        }

        function onFailure(result) {
            window.alert(result);
        }

    </script>
    <div>
        <input id="btnServiceCaller" type="button" value="Get Value" onclick="GetValueFromServer()"; />
        <input id="txtValueContainer" type="text" value="" /> 
        <input id="labelResult" type="text" value="" />
    </div>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

用浏览器打开WebForm1.aspx，使用Fiddler查看，因为代码里有了对WCF Service的引用

<asp:ServiceReference Path="http://192.168.6.47:8080/HelloService.svc" />

所以页面加载了JavaScript

加载的JavaScript代码为：

Type.registerNamespace('tempuri.org');
tempuri.org.IHelloService = function () {
    tempuri.org.IHelloService.initializeBase(this);
    this._timeout = 0;
    this._userContext = null;
    this._succeeded = null;
    this._failed = null;
}
tempuri.org.IHelloService.prototype = {
    _get_path: function () {
        var p = this.get_path();
        if (p) return p;
        else return tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.get_path();
    },
    GetMessage: function (name, succeededCallback, failedCallback, userContext) {
        /// <param name="name" type="String">System.String</param>
        /// <param name="succeededCallback" type="Function" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>
        /// <param name="failedCallback" type="Function" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>
        /// <param name="userContext" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>
        return this._invoke(this._get_path(), 'GetMessage', false, { name: name }, succeededCallback, failedCallback, userContext);
    },
    GetEmployee: function (id, succeededCallback, failedCallback, userContext) {
        /// <param name="id" type="Number">System.Int32</param>
        /// <param name="succeededCallback" type="Function" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>
        /// <param name="failedCallback" type="Function" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>
        /// <param name="userContext" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>
        return this._invoke(this._get_path(), 'GetEmployee', false, { id: id }, succeededCallback, failedCallback, userContext);
    }
}
tempuri.org.IHelloService.registerClass('tempuri.org.IHelloService', Sys.Net.WebServiceProxy);
tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance = new tempuri.org.IHelloService();
tempuri.org.IHelloService.set_path = function (value) {
    tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.set_path(value);
}
tempuri.org.IHelloService.get_path = function () {
    /// <value type="String" mayBeNull="true">The service url.</value>
    return tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.get_path();
}
tempuri.org.IHelloService.set_timeout = function (value) {
    tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.set_timeout(value);
}
tempuri.org.IHelloService.get_timeout = function () {
    /// <value type="Number">The service timeout.</value>
    return tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.get_timeout();
}
tempuri.org.IHelloService.set_defaultUserContext = function (value) {
    tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.set_defaultUserContext(value);
}
tempuri.org.IHelloService.get_defaultUserContext = function () {
    /// <value mayBeNull="true">The service default user context.</value>
    return tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.get_defaultUserContext();
}
tempuri.org.IHelloService.set_defaultSucceededCallback = function (value) {
    tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.set_defaultSucceededCallback(value);
}
tempuri.org.IHelloService.get_defaultSucceededCallback = function () {
    /// <value type="Function" mayBeNull="true">The service default succeeded callback.</value>
    return tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.get_defaultSucceededCallback();
}
tempuri.org.IHelloService.set_defaultFailedCallback = function (value) {
    tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.set_defaultFailedCallback(value);
}
tempuri.org.IHelloService.get_defaultFailedCallback = function () {
    /// <value type="Function" mayBeNull="true">The service default failed callback.</value>
    return tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.get_defaultFailedCallback();
}
tempuri.org.IHelloService.set_enableJsonp = function (value) { tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.set_enableJsonp(value); }
tempuri.org.IHelloService.get_enableJsonp = function () {
    /// <value type="Boolean">Specifies whether the service supports JSONP for cross domain calling.</value>
    return tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.get_enableJsonp();
}
tempuri.org.IHelloService.set_jsonpCallbackParameter = function (value) { tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.set_jsonpCallbackParameter(value); }
tempuri.org.IHelloService.get_jsonpCallbackParameter = function () {
    /// <value type="String">Specifies the parameter name that contains the callback function name for a JSONP request.</value>
    return tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.get_jsonpCallbackParameter();
}
tempuri.org.IHelloService.set_path("http://192.168.6.47:8080/HelloService.svc");
tempuri.org.IHelloService.GetMessage = function (name, onSuccess, onFailed, userContext) {
    /// <param name="name" type="String">System.String</param>
    /// <param name="succeededCallback" type="Function" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>
    /// <param name="failedCallback" type="Function" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>
    /// <param name="userContext" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>
    tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.GetMessage(name, onSuccess, onFailed, userContext);
}
tempuri.org.IHelloService.GetEmployee = function (id, onSuccess, onFailed, userContext) {
    /// <param name="id" type="Number">System.Int32</param>
    /// <param name="succeededCallback" type="Function" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>
    /// <param name="failedCallback" type="Function" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>
    /// <param name="userContext" optional="true" mayBeNull="true"></param>
    tempuri.org.IHelloService._staticInstance.GetEmployee(id, onSuccess, onFailed, userContext);
}
var gtc = Sys.Net.WebServiceProxy._generateTypedConstructor;
Type.registerNamespace('jfzhu.com._2014._10._16.Employee');
if (typeof (jfzhu.com._2014._10._16.Employee.Employee) === 'undefined') {
    jfzhu.com._2014._10._16.Employee.Employee = gtc("Employee:http://jfzhu.com/2014/10/16/Employee");
    jfzhu.com._2014._10._16.Employee.Employee.registerClass('jfzhu.com._2014._10._16.Employee.Employee');
}

View Code

点击Get Value按钮：

使用Microsoft Service Trace Viewer查看Message Log Trace:

总结：WCF Service的配置文件中的endpoint的binding要使用webHttpBinding，endpointBehavior要设置成enableWebScript。

WebForm中要在ScriptManager中添加WCF Service的引用。

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/jfzhu/p/4039604.html