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  • Day06-JDBC连接池&JDBCTemplate课堂笔记

    今日内容

    1. 数据库连接池
    
    2. Spring JDBC : JDBC Template
    

    数据库连接池

    1. 概念:其实就是一个容器(集合),存放数据库连接的容器。
    	    当系统初始化好后,容器被创建,容器中会申请一些连接对象,当用户来访问数据库时,从容器中获取连接对象,用户访问完之后,会将连接对象归还给容器。
    
    2. 好处:
    	1. 节约资源
    	2. 用户访问高效
    
    3. 实现:
    	1. 标准接口:DataSource   javax.sql包下的
    		1. 方法:
    			* 获取连接:getConnection()
    			* 归还连接:Connection.close()。如果连接对象Connection是从连接池中获取的,那么调用Connection.close()方法,则不会再关闭连接了。而是归还连接
    
    	2. 一般我们不去实现它,有数据库厂商来实现
    		1. C3P0:数据库连接池技术
    		2. Druid:数据库连接池实现技术,由阿里巴巴提供的
    
    
    4. C3P0:数据库连接池技术
    	* 步骤:
    		1. 导入jar包 (两个) c3p0-0.9.5.2.jar mchange-commons-java-0.2.12.jar ,
    			* 不要忘记导入数据库驱动jar包
    		2. 定义配置文件:
    			* 名称: c3p0.properties 或者 c3p0-config.xml
    			* 路径:直接将文件放在src目录下即可。
    
    		3. 创建核心对象 数据库连接池对象 ComboPooledDataSource
    		4. 获取连接: getConnection
    	* 代码:
    		 //1.创建数据库连接池对象
            DataSource ds  = new ComboPooledDataSource();
            //2. 获取连接对象
            Connection conn = ds.getConnection();
    5. Druid:数据库连接池实现技术,由阿里巴巴提供的
    	1. 步骤:
    		1. 导入jar包 druid-1.0.9.jar
    		2. 定义配置文件:
    			* 是properties形式的
    			* 可以叫任意名称,可以放在任意目录下
    		3. 加载配置文件。Properties
    		4. 获取数据库连接池对象:通过工厂来来获取  DruidDataSourceFactory
    		5. 获取连接:getConnection
    	* 代码:
    		 //3.加载配置文件
            Properties pro = new Properties();
            InputStream is = DruidDemo.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("druid.properties");
            pro.load(is);
            //4.获取连接池对象
            DataSource ds = DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(pro);
            //5.获取连接
            Connection conn = ds.getConnection();
    	2. 定义工具类
    		1. 定义一个类 JDBCUtils
    		2. 提供静态代码块加载配置文件,初始化连接池对象
    		3. 提供方法
    			1. 获取连接方法:通过数据库连接池获取连接
    			2. 释放资源
    			3. 获取连接池的方法
    
    
    	* 代码:
    		public class JDBCUtils {
    
    		    //1.定义成员变量 DataSource
    		    private static DataSource ds ;
    		
    		    static{
    		        try {
    		            //1.加载配置文件
    		            Properties pro = new Properties();
    		            pro.load(JDBCUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("druid.properties"));
    		            //2.获取DataSource
    		            ds = DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(pro);
    		        } catch (IOException e) {
    		            e.printStackTrace();
    		        } catch (Exception e) {
    		            e.printStackTrace();
    		        }
    		    }
    		
    		    /**
    		     * 获取连接
    		     */
    		    public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
    		        return ds.getConnection();
    		    }
    		
    		    /**
    		     * 释放资源
    		     */
    		    public static void close(Statement stmt,Connection conn){
    		       /* if(stmt != null){
    		            try {
    		                stmt.close();
    		            } catch (SQLException e) {
    		                e.printStackTrace();
    		            }
    		        }
    		
    		        if(conn != null){
    		            try {
    		                conn.close();//归还连接
    		            } catch (SQLException e) {
    		                e.printStackTrace();
    		            }
    		        }*/
    		
    		       close(null,stmt,conn);
    		    }
    		
    		
    		    public static void close(ResultSet rs , Statement stmt, Connection conn){
    		
    		
    		        if(rs != null){
    		            try {
    		                rs.close();
    		            } catch (SQLException e) {
    		                e.printStackTrace();
    		            }
    		        }
    		
    		
    		        if(stmt != null){
    		            try {
    		                stmt.close();
    		            } catch (SQLException e) {
    		                e.printStackTrace();
    		            }
    		        }
    		
    		        if(conn != null){
    		            try {
    		                conn.close();//归还连接
    		            } catch (SQLException e) {
    		                e.printStackTrace();
    		            }
    		        }
    		    }
    		
    		    /**
    		     * 获取连接池方法
    		     */
    		
    		    public static DataSource getDataSource(){
    		        return  ds;
    		    }
    		
    		}
    

    Spring JDBC

    * Spring框架对JDBC的简单封装。提供了一个JDBCTemplate对象简化JDBC的开发
    * 步骤:
    	1. 导入jar包
    	2. 创建JdbcTemplate对象。依赖于数据源DataSource
    		* JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(ds);
    
    	3. 调用JdbcTemplate的方法来完成CRUD的操作
    		* update():执行DML语句。增、删、改语句
    		* queryForMap():查询结果将结果集封装为map集合,将列名作为key,将值作为value 将这条记录封装为一个map集合
    			* 注意:这个方法查询的结果集长度只能是1
    		* queryForList():查询结果将结果集封装为list集合
    			* 注意:将每一条记录封装为一个Map集合,再将Map集合装载到List集合中
    		* query():查询结果,将结果封装为JavaBean对象
    			* query的参数:RowMapper
    				* 一般我们使用BeanPropertyRowMapper实现类。可以完成数据到JavaBean的自动封装
    				* new BeanPropertyRowMapper<类型>(类型.class)
    		* queryForObject:查询结果,将结果封装为对象
    			* 一般用于聚合函数的查询
    
    	4. 练习:
    		* 需求:
    			1. 修改1号数据的 salary 为 10000
    			2. 添加一条记录
    			3. 删除刚才添加的记录
    			4. 查询id为1的记录,将其封装为Map集合
    			5. 查询所有记录,将其封装为List
    			6. 查询所有记录,将其封装为Emp对象的List集合
    			7. 查询总记录数
    
    		* 代码:
    			
    			import cn.itcast.domain.Emp;
    			import cn.itcast.utils.JDBCUtils;
    			import org.junit.Test;
    			import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
    			import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
    			import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
    			
    			import java.sql.Date;
    			import java.sql.ResultSet;
    			import java.sql.SQLException;
    			import java.util.List;
    			import java.util.Map;
    			
    			public class JdbcTemplateDemo2 {
    			
    			    //Junit单元测试,可以让方法独立执行
    			
    			
    			    //1. 获取JDBCTemplate对象
    			    private JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(JDBCUtils.getDataSource());
    			    /**
    			     * 1. 修改1号数据的 salary 为 10000
    			     */
    			    @Test
    			    public void test1(){
    			
    			        //2. 定义sql
    			        String sql = "update emp set salary = 10000 where id = 1001";
    			        //3. 执行sql
    			        int count = template.update(sql);
    			        System.out.println(count);
    			    }
    			
    			    /**
    			     * 2. 添加一条记录
    			     */
    			    @Test
    			    public void test2(){
    			        String sql = "insert into emp(id,ename,dept_id) values(?,?,?)";
    			        int count = template.update(sql, 1015, "郭靖", 10);
    			        System.out.println(count);
    			
    			    }
    			
    			    /**
    			     * 3.删除刚才添加的记录
    			     */
    			    @Test
    			    public void test3(){
    			        String sql = "delete from emp where id = ?";
    			        int count = template.update(sql, 1015);
    			        System.out.println(count);
    			    }
    			
    			    /**
    			     * 4.查询id为1001的记录,将其封装为Map集合
    			     * 注意:这个方法查询的结果集长度只能是1
    			     */
    			    @Test
    			    public void test4(){
    			        String sql = "select * from emp where id = ? or id = ?";
    			        Map<String, Object> map = template.queryForMap(sql, 1001,1002);
    			        System.out.println(map);
    			        //{id=1001, ename=孙悟空, job_id=4, mgr=1004, joindate=2000-12-17, salary=10000.00, bonus=null, dept_id=20}
    			
    			    }
    			
    			    /**
    			     * 5. 查询所有记录,将其封装为List
    			     */
    			    @Test
    			    public void test5(){
    			        String sql = "select * from emp";
    			        List<Map<String, Object>> list = template.queryForList(sql);
    			
    			        for (Map<String, Object> stringObjectMap : list) {
    			            System.out.println(stringObjectMap);
    			        }
    			    }
    			
    			    /**
    			     * 6. 查询所有记录,将其封装为Emp对象的List集合
    			     */
    			
    			    @Test
    			    public void test6(){
    			        String sql = "select * from emp";
    			        List<Emp> list = template.query(sql, new RowMapper<Emp>() {
    			
    			            @Override
    			            public Emp mapRow(ResultSet rs, int i) throws SQLException {
    			                Emp emp = new Emp();
    			                int id = rs.getInt("id");
    			                String ename = rs.getString("ename");
    			                int job_id = rs.getInt("job_id");
    			                int mgr = rs.getInt("mgr");
    			                Date joindate = rs.getDate("joindate");
    			                double salary = rs.getDouble("salary");
    			                double bonus = rs.getDouble("bonus");
    			                int dept_id = rs.getInt("dept_id");
    			
    			                emp.setId(id);
    			                emp.setEname(ename);
    			                emp.setJob_id(job_id);
    			                emp.setMgr(mgr);
    			                emp.setJoindate(joindate);
    			                emp.setSalary(salary);
    			                emp.setBonus(bonus);
    			                emp.setDept_id(dept_id);
    			
    			                return emp;
    			            }
    			        });
    			
    			
    			        for (Emp emp : list) {
    			            System.out.println(emp);
    			        }
    			    }
    			
    			    /**
    			     * 6. 查询所有记录,将其封装为Emp对象的List集合
    			     */
    			
    			    @Test
    			    public void test6_2(){
    			        String sql = "select * from emp";
    			        List<Emp> list = template.query(sql, new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Emp>(Emp.class));
    			        for (Emp emp : list) {
    			            System.out.println(emp);
    			        }
    			    }
    			
    			    /**
    			     * 7. 查询总记录数
    			     */
    			
    			    @Test
    			    public void test7(){
    			        String sql = "select count(id) from emp";
    			        Long total = template.queryForObject(sql, Long.class);
    			        System.out.println(total);
    			    }
    			
    			}
    

    相关代码

    c3p0

    package com.jitui.c3p0;
    
    
    import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;
    
    import javax.sql.DataSource;
    import java.sql.Connection;
    import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
    import java.sql.ResultSet;
    import java.sql.SQLException;
    
    public class C3P0Demo {
        public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {
    
            DataSource ds = new ComboPooledDataSource();
    
            Connection conn = ds.getConnection();
    
            System.out.println(conn);
    
            String sql = "select * from area_info limit ?";
            PreparedStatement preparedStatement = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            preparedStatement.setInt(1, 10);
    
            ResultSet resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
            while (resultSet.next()) {
                String cname = resultSet.getString("cname");
                System.out.println(cname);
            }
    
            conn.close();
        }
    }
    

    // c3p0-config.xml配置

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <c3p0-config>
        <!--使用默认的配置读取连接池对象-->
        <default-config>
            <!--连接参数-->
            <property name="driverClass">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
            <property name="jdbcUrl">jdbc:mysql://192.20.1.22:3306/db3?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai</property>
            <property name="user">root</property>
            <property name="password">123456</property>
            <!--连接池参数-->
            <!--初始化申请的连接数量-->
            <property name="initialPoolSize">5</property>
            <!--超时时间-->
            <property name="checkoutTimeout">3000</property>
            <property name="maxIdleTime">30</property>
            <!--最大的连接数量-->
            <property name="maxPoolSize">10</property>
            <property name="minPoolSize">5</property>
            <property name="maxStatements">200</property>
        </default-config>
    
        <named-config name="mysql">
            <property name="acquireIncrement">50</property>
            <property name="initialPoolSize">100</property>
            <property name="minPoolSize">50</property>
            <property name="maxPoolSize">1000</property><!-- intergalactoApp adopts a different approach to configuring statement caching -->
            <property name="maxStatements">0</property>
            <property name="maxStatementsPerConnection">5</property>
        </named-config>
    
        <named-config name="oracle">
            <property name="acquireIncrement">50</property>
            <property name="initialPoolSize">100</property>
            <property name="minPoolSize">50</property>
            <property name="maxPoolSize">1000</property><!-- intergalactoApp adopts a different approach to configuring statement caching -->
            <property name="maxStatements">0</property>
            <property name="maxStatementsPerConnection">5</property>
        </named-config>
    </c3p0-config>
    

    druid

    package com.jitui.druid;
    
    import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourceFactory;
    
    import javax.sql.DataSource;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.sql.Connection;
    import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
    import java.sql.ResultSet;
    import java.util.Properties;
    
    public class DruidDemo {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    
            Properties pro = new Properties();
            InputStream is = DruidDemo.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("druid.properties");
            pro.load(is);
    
            DataSource dataSource = DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(pro);
            Connection conn = dataSource.getConnection();
            System.out.println(conn);
            
            String sql = "select * from area_info limit ?";
            PreparedStatement preparedStatement = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            preparedStatement.setInt(1, 10);
    
            ResultSet resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
            while (resultSet.next()) {
                String cname = resultSet.getString("cname");
                System.out.println(cname);
            }
    
            conn.close();
    
    
        }
    
    
    }
    

    // druid.properties

    driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url=jdbc:mysql://192.20.1.22:3306/db3
    username=root
    password=123456
    initialSize=5
    maxActive=10
    maxWait=3000
    

    JDBCTemplate

    package com.jitui.jdbctemplate;
    
    import com.jitui.domain.Emp;
    import com.jitui.utils.JDBCUtils2;
    import org.junit.Test;
    import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
    import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
    
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    public class JdbcTemplateDemo {
    
        private JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(JDBCUtils2.getDataSource());
    
        @Test
        public void test1(){
            String sql = "update area_info set pname = '广东省' where idx = ?";
            int count = template.update(sql, 1);
            System.out.println(count);
        }
    
        @Test
        public void test2(){
            String sql = "select * from area_info limit 1";
            Map<String, Object> stringObjectMap = template.queryForMap(sql);
            System.out.println(stringObjectMap);
        }
    
        @Test
        public void test3(){
            String sql = "select * from area_info limit 2";
            List<Map<String, Object>> maps = template.queryForList(sql);
            for (Map<String, Object> map : maps) {
                System.out.println(map);
            }
        }
    
        @Test
        public void test4(){
            String sql = "select * from area_info limit ?";
    //        List<Emp> query = template.query(sql, new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Emp>(Emp.class));
            List<Emp> query = template.query(sql, new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Emp>(Emp.class), 5);
            for (Emp emp : query) {
                System.out.println(emp);
            }
    
        }
    
    }
    

    maven配置

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.11</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jiegege/p/14482478.html
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