ASP.NET MVC导出excel（数据量大，非常耗时的，异步导出）

要在ASP.NET MVC站点上做excel导出功能，但是要导出的excel文件比较大，有几十M，所以导出比较费时，为了不影响对界面的其它操作，我就采用异步的方式，后台开辟一个线程将excel导出到指定目录，然后提供下载。导出的excel涉及到了多个sheet（工作簿），表格合并，格式设置等，所以采用了NPOI组件。

效果如下：

选中了多行，会导出多个工作簿sheet，一个汇总的，其他的就是明细数据。

下面是要几个封装好的类，从网上找的，然后修改了一下。这几个类很多方法都封装好了，十分利于复用。常见的excel格式都可以导出，如果有特别的需求，可以自己修改一下源码进行扩展。

GenerateSheet.cs

using NPOI.SS.UserModel;
using NPOI.SS.Util;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

namespace Core.Excel
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 导出Excel基类
    /// </summary>
    public class GenerateSheet<T> : BaseGenerateSheet
    {
        #region 私有字段
        // Excel 显示时间的样式
        private ICellStyle dateStyle = null;
        // Excel 显示列头的样式
        private ICellStyle headStyle = null;
        // Excel 显示内容的样式
        private ICellStyle contentsStyle = null;
        // Excel 显示总计的样式
        private ICellStyle totalStyle = null;
        // 列头集合
        private List<ColumnsMapping> columnHeadList = null;
        // 显示的数据
        private List<T> dataSource;

        private List<object> dataSource2;
        #endregion

        #region 属性
        /// <summary>
        /// Excel 显示时间的样式
        /// </summary>
        protected ICellStyle DateStyle
        {
            get { return dateStyle; }
            set { dateStyle = value; }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Excel 显示列头的样式
        /// </summary>
        protected ICellStyle HeadStyle
        {
            get { return headStyle; }
            set { headStyle = value; }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Excel 显示内容的样式
        /// </summary>
        protected ICellStyle ContentsStyle
        {
            get { return contentsStyle; }
            set { contentsStyle = value; }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Excel 显示总计的样式
        /// </summary>
        protected ICellStyle TotalStyle
        {
            get { return totalStyle; }
            set { totalStyle = value; }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 是否有边框 只读
        /// </summary>
        protected bool IsBorder { get; private set; }

        protected List<ColumnsMapping> ColumnHeadList
        {
            get { return this.columnHeadList; }
            private set { this.columnHeadList = value; }
        }
        #endregion

        #region 构造方法
        /// <summary>
        /// 导出Excel基类
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="_dataSource">Sheet里面显示的数据</param>
        public GenerateSheet(List<T> _dataSource)
            : this(_dataSource, null, string.Empty, true)
        {
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 导出Excel基类
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="_dataSource">Sheet里面显示的数据</param>
        public GenerateSheet(List<T> _dataSource, string sheetName)
            : this(_dataSource, null, sheetName, true)
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 导出Excel基类
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="_dataSource">Sheet里面显示的数据</param>
        public GenerateSheet(List<T> _dataSource, List<object> _dataSource2, string sheetName)
            : this(_dataSource, _dataSource2, sheetName, true)
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 导出Excel基类
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="_dataSource">Sheet里面显示的数据</param>
        /// <param name="isBorder">是否有边框</param>
        public GenerateSheet(List<T> _dataSource, bool isBorder)
            : this(_dataSource, null, string.Empty, isBorder)
        {
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 导出Excel基类
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="_dataSource">Sheet里面显示的数据</param>
        /// <param name="isBorder">是否有边框</param>
        public GenerateSheet(List<T> _dataSource, List<object> _dataSource2, string sheetName, bool isBorder)
        {
            //if (_dataSource != null && _dataSource.Count > 0)
            this.dataSource = _dataSource;
            this.dataSource2 = _dataSource2;
            //else
            //    throw new Exception("数据不能为空！");
            this.IsBorder = isBorder;
            this.SheetName = sheetName;
        }
        #endregion

        #region 可以被重写的方法
        /// <summary>
        /// 生成Excel的Sheet
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sheet"></param>
        public override void GenSheet(ISheet sheet)
        {
            this.SetSheetContents(sheet);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 初始化列头
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        protected virtual List<ColumnsMapping> InitializeColumnHeadData()
        {
            try
            {
                List<PropertyInfo> propertyList = this.GetObjectPropertyList();
                List<ColumnsMapping> columnsList = new List<ColumnsMapping>();
                int colIndex = 0;
                foreach (PropertyInfo propertyInfo in propertyList)
                {
                    columnsList.Add(new ColumnsMapping()
                    {
                        ColumnsData = propertyInfo.Name,
                        ColumnsText = propertyInfo.Name,
                        ColumnsIndex = colIndex,
                        IsTotal = false,
                        Width = 15
                    });
                    colIndex++;
                }
                return columnsList;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 设置列头
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sheet">Excel Sheet</param>
        /// <param name="rowIndex">记录Excel最大行的位置，最大值为65535</param>
        protected virtual void SetColumnHead(ISheet sheet, ref int rowIndex)
        {
            if (columnHeadList.Count > 0)
            {
                IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);
                foreach (ColumnsMapping columns in columnHeadList)
                {
                    ICell newCell = headerRow.CreateCell(columns.ColumnsIndex);
                    newCell.SetCellValue(columns.ColumnsText);
                    newCell.CellStyle = headStyle;
                    //设置列宽
                    SetColumnsWidth(sheet, columns.ColumnsIndex, columns.Width);
                }
                rowIndex++;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 设置Excel内容
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sheet"></param>
        /// <param name="dataSource"></param>
        /// <param name="rowIndex"></param>
        protected virtual void SetSheetContents(ISheet sheet, List<T> dataSource, ref int rowIndex)
        {
            if (dataSource != null)
            {
                foreach (T value in dataSource)
                {
                    #region 填充内容
                    IRow dataRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);
                    int colIndex = 0;
                    foreach (ColumnsMapping columns in columnHeadList)
                    {
                        if (columns.ColumnsIndex >= 0)
                        {
                            if (columns.ColumnsIndex >= colIndex)
                                colIndex = columns.ColumnsIndex;
                            else
                                columns.ColumnsIndex = colIndex;

                            ICell newCell = dataRow.CreateCell(colIndex);
                            string drValue = string.Empty;
                            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(columns.ColumnsData))
                                drValue = GetModelValue(columns.ColumnsData, value);
                            SetCellValue(newCell, rowIndex, drValue, columns);
                            colIndex++;
                        }
                    }
                    #endregion

                    rowIndex++;
                }
                //rowIndex++;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 设置单元格的数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cell">单元格对像</param>
        /// <param name="rowIndex">单元格行索引</param>
        /// <param name="drValue">单元格数据</param>
        /// <param name="columns">单元格的列信息</param>
        protected virtual void SetCellValue(ICell cell, int rowIndex, string drValue, ColumnsMapping columns)
        {
            cell.CellStyle = contentsStyle;
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(columns.ColumnsData))
            {
                PropertyInfo info = GetObjectProperty(columns.ColumnsData);
                switch (info.PropertyType.FullName)
                {
                    case "System.String": //字符串类型
                        double result;
                        if (IsNumeric(drValue, out result))
                        {
                            double.TryParse(drValue, out result);
                            cell.SetCellValue(result);
                            break;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            cell.SetCellValue(drValue);
                            break;
                        }
                    case "System.DateTime": //日期类型
                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(drValue)||drValue=="0001/1/1 0:00:00")
                        {
                            cell.SetCellValue("");
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            DateTime dateV;
                            DateTime.TryParse(drValue, out dateV);
                            cell.SetCellValue(dateV);
                            cell.CellStyle = dateStyle; //格式化显示
                        }
                        break;
                    case "System.Boolean": //布尔型
                        bool boolV = false;
                        bool.TryParse(drValue, out boolV);
                        cell.SetCellValue(boolV);
                        break;
                    case "System.Int16": //整型
                    case "System.Int32":
                    case "System.Int64":
                    case "System.Byte":
                        int intV = 0;
                        int.TryParse(drValue, out intV);
                        cell.SetCellValue(intV);
                        break;
                    case "System.Decimal": //浮点型
                    case "System.Double":
                        double doubV = 0;
                        double.TryParse(drValue, out doubV);
                        cell.SetCellValue(doubV);
                        break;
                    case "System.DBNull": //空值处理
                        cell.SetCellValue("");
                        break;
                    default:
                        cell.SetCellValue("");
                        break;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                cell.SetCellValue("");
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 设置总计单元格的数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cell">总计单元格</param>
        /// <param name="rowIndex">当前行的索引</param>
        /// <param name="startRowIndex">内容数据的开始行</param>
        /// <param name="columns">当前列信息</param>
        protected virtual void SetTotalCellValue(ICell cell, int rowIndex, int startRowIndex, ColumnsMapping columns)
        {
            if (columns.IsTotal)
            {
                string colItem = CellReference.ConvertNumToColString(columns.ColumnsIndex);
                cell.CellStyle = totalStyle;
                cell.SetCellFormula(string.Format("SUM({0}{1}:{2}{3})", colItem, startRowIndex, colItem, rowIndex));
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 在所有数据最后添加总计，当然也可以是其它的公式
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sheet">工作薄Sheet</param>
        /// <param name="rowIndex">当前行</param>
        /// <param name="startRowIndex">内容开始行</param>
        protected virtual void SetTotal(ISheet sheet, ref int rowIndex, int startRowIndex)
        {
            if (rowIndex > startRowIndex)
            {
                IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex) as IRow;
                foreach (ColumnsMapping columns in columnHeadList)
                {
                    ICell newCell = headerRow.CreateCell(columns.ColumnsIndex);
                    SetTotalCellValue(newCell, rowIndex, startRowIndex, columns);
                }
            }
        }
        
        /// <summary>
        /// 数据源2
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sheet">工作薄Sheet</param>
        /// <param name="rowIndex">当前行</param>
        protected virtual void SetToSecond(ISheet sheet, ref int rowIndex, List<object> dataSource2)
        {
            
        }
        #endregion

        #region 公共方法
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取属性名字
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="expr"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        protected string GetPropertyName(Expression<Func<T, object>> expr)
        {
            var rtn = "";
            if (expr.Body is UnaryExpression)
            {
                rtn = ((MemberExpression)((UnaryExpression)expr.Body).Operand).Member.Name;
            }
            else if (expr.Body is MemberExpression)
            {
                rtn = ((MemberExpression)expr.Body).Member.Name;
            }
            else if (expr.Body is ParameterExpression)
            {
                rtn = ((ParameterExpression)expr.Body).Type.Name;
            }
            return rtn;
        }

        protected void SetColumnsWidth(ISheet sheet, int colIndex, int width)
        {
            //设置列宽
            sheet.SetColumnWidth(colIndex, width * 256);
        }
        #endregion

        #region 私有方法
        private void SetSheetContents(ISheet sheet)
        {
            if (sheet != null)
            {
                // 初始化相关样式
                this.InitializeCellStyle();
                // 初始化列头的相关数据
                this.columnHeadList = InitializeColumnHeadData();
                // 当前行
                int rowIndex = 0;
                // 设置列头
                this.SetColumnHead(sheet, ref rowIndex);
                // 内容开始行
                int startRowIndex = rowIndex;
                // 设置Excel内容
                this.SetSheetContents(sheet, dataSource, ref rowIndex);
                // 在所有数据最后添加总计，当然也可以是其它的公式
                if (dataSource.Count > 0)
                {
                    this.SetTotal(sheet, ref rowIndex, startRowIndex);
                }

                this.SetToSecond(sheet, ref rowIndex, dataSource2);
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 初始化相关对像
        /// </summary>
        private void InitializeCellStyle()
        {
            columnHeadList = new List<ColumnsMapping>();

            // 初始化Excel 显示时间的样式
            dateStyle = this.Workbook.CreateCellStyle();
            IDataFormat format = this.Workbook.CreateDataFormat();
            dateStyle.DataFormat = format.GetFormat("yyyy-mm-dd");
            if (this.IsBorder)
            {
                //有边框
                dateStyle.BorderBottom = BorderStyle.Thin;
                dateStyle.BorderLeft = BorderStyle.Thin;
                dateStyle.BorderRight = BorderStyle.Thin;
                dateStyle.BorderTop = BorderStyle.Thin;
            }

            // 初始化Excel 列头的样式
            headStyle = this.Workbook.CreateCellStyle();
            headStyle.Alignment = NPOI.SS.UserModel.HorizontalAlignment.Left;// 文本居左
            IFont font = this.Workbook.CreateFont();
            font.FontHeightInPoints = 12;   // 字体大小
            font.Boldweight = 700;          // 字体加粗
            headStyle.SetFont(font);

            if (this.IsBorder)
            {
                //有边框
                headStyle.BorderBottom = BorderStyle.Thin;
                headStyle.BorderLeft = BorderStyle.Thin;
                headStyle.BorderRight = BorderStyle.Thin;
                headStyle.BorderTop = BorderStyle.Thin;
            }

            // 初始化Excel 显示内容的样式
            contentsStyle = this.Workbook.CreateCellStyle();
            font = this.Workbook.CreateFont();
            font.FontHeightInPoints = 10;
            contentsStyle.SetFont(font);
            if (this.IsBorder)
            {
                //有边框
                contentsStyle.BorderBottom = BorderStyle.Thin;
                contentsStyle.BorderLeft = BorderStyle.Thin;
                contentsStyle.BorderRight = BorderStyle.Thin;
                contentsStyle.BorderTop = BorderStyle.Thin;
            }

            // 初始化Excel 显示总计的样式
            totalStyle = this.Workbook.CreateCellStyle();
            font = this.Workbook.CreateFont();
            font.Boldweight = 700;
            font.FontHeightInPoints = 10;
            totalStyle.SetFont(font);
            if (this.IsBorder)
            {
                //有边框
                totalStyle.BorderBottom = BorderStyle.Thin;
                totalStyle.BorderLeft = BorderStyle.Thin;
                totalStyle.BorderRight = BorderStyle.Thin;
                totalStyle.BorderTop = BorderStyle.Thin;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取 T 对像的所有属性
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private List<PropertyInfo> GetObjectPropertyList()
        {
            List<PropertyInfo> result = new List<PropertyInfo>();
            Type t = typeof(T);
            if (t != null)
            {
                PropertyInfo[] piList = t.GetProperties();
                foreach (var pi in piList)
                {
                    if (!pi.PropertyType.IsGenericType)
                    {
                        result.Add(pi);
                    }
                }
            }
            return result;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 根据属性名字获取 T 对像的属性
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private PropertyInfo GetObjectProperty(string propertyName)
        {
            Type t = typeof(T);
            PropertyInfo result = t.GetProperty(propertyName);
            return result;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取类中的属性值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="FieldName"></param>
        /// <param name="obj"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private string GetModelValue(string FieldName, object obj)
        {
            try
            {
                Type Ts = obj.GetType();
                object o = Ts.GetProperty(FieldName).GetValue(obj, null);
                string Value = Convert.ToString(o);
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Value)) return null;
                return Value;
            }
            catch
            {
                return null;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 判断是否为一个数字并反回值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="message"></param>
        /// <param name="result"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private bool IsNumeric(String message, out double result)
        {
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(message))
            {
                Regex rex = new Regex(@"^[-]?d+[.]?d*$");
                result = -1;
                if (rex.IsMatch(message))
                {
                    result = double.Parse(message);
                    return true;
                }
                else
                    return false;
            }
            else
            {
                result = 0;
                return false;
            }
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

GenerateExcel.cs

using NPOI.HPSF;
using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
using NPOI.SS.UserModel;
using NPOI.XSSF.UserModel;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Core.Excel
{
    public class GenerateExcel
    {
        #region 私有字段
        protected XSSFWorkbook workbook = null;
        #endregion

        #region 属性
        /// <summary>
        /// Excel的Sheet集合
        /// </summary>
        public List<BaseGenerateSheet> SheetList { get; set; }
        #endregion

        #region 构造方法
        public GenerateExcel()
        {
            InitializeWorkbook();
        }
        #endregion

        #region 私有方法
        /// <summary>
        /// 初始化相关对像
        /// </summary>
        private void InitializeWorkbook()
        {
            workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
            SheetList = new List<BaseGenerateSheet>();
            #region 右击文件 属性信息

            //DocumentSummaryInformation dsi = PropertySetFactory.CreateDocumentSummaryInformation();
            //dsi.Company = "http://www.kjy.cn";
            //workbook.DocumentSummaryInformation = dsi;



            //SummaryInformation si = PropertySetFactory.CreateSummaryInformation();
            //si.Author = "深圳市跨境易电子商务有限公司"; //填加xls文件作者信息
            //si.ApplicationName = "深圳市跨境易电子商务有限公司"; //填加xls文件创建程序信息
            //si.LastAuthor = "深圳市跨境易电子商务有限公司"; //填加xls文件最后保存者信息
            //si.Comments = "深圳市跨境易电子商务有限公司"; //填加xls文件作者信息
            //si.Title = "深圳市跨境易电子商务有限公司"; //填加xls文件标题信息
            //si.Subject = "深圳市跨境易电子商务有限公司"; //填加文件主题信息
            //si.CreateDateTime = DateTime.Now;
            //workbook.SummaryInformation = si;


            #endregion
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 生成Excel并返回内存流
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private void ExportExcel()
        {
            foreach (BaseGenerateSheet sheet in SheetList)
            {
                ISheet sh = null;
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sheet.SheetName))
                    sh = workbook.CreateSheet();
                else
                    sh = workbook.CreateSheet(sheet.SheetName);
                sheet.Workbook = this.workbook;
                sheet.GenSheet(sh);
            }
            //using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
            //{
            //    workbook.Write(ms);
            //    ms.Flush();
            //    ms.Position = 0;
            //    return ms;
            //}
        }
        #endregion

        #region 公共方法
        /// <summary>
        /// 导出到Excel文件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strFileName">保存位置</param>
        public void ExportExcel(string strFileName)
        {
            try
            {
                ExportExcel();
                if (workbook != null)
                {
                    using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
                    {
                        workbook.Write(ms);
                        if (!Directory.Exists(Path.GetDirectoryName(strFileName)))
                        {
                            Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(strFileName));
                        }
                        using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
                        {
                            byte[] data = ms.ToArray();
                            fs.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
                            fs.Flush();
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {

                throw;
            }
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

ColumnsMapping.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Core.Excel
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Excel列头的相关设置
    /// </summary>
    public class ColumnsMapping
    {
        #region 属性
        /// <summary>
        /// Excel 列头显示的值
        /// </summary>
        public string ColumnsText { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// Excel 列绑定对像的属性, 可以为空
        /// </summary>
        public string ColumnsData { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// Excel 列的宽度
        /// </summary>
        public int Width { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 是否需要总计行
        /// </summary>
        public bool IsTotal { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// Excel列的索引
        /// </summary>
        public int ColumnsIndex { get; set; }
        #endregion

        #region 构造方法
        /// <summary>
        /// Excel列头的相关设置
        /// </summary>
        public ColumnsMapping() { }
        /// <summary>
        /// Excel列头的相关设置
        /// </summary>
        public ColumnsMapping(string colText, string colData, int width, int colIndex, bool _isTotal)
        {
            this.ColumnsText = colText;
            this.ColumnsData = colData;
            this.Width = width;
            this.IsTotal = _isTotal;
            this.ColumnsIndex = colIndex;
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

BaseGenerateSheet.cs

using NPOI.SS.UserModel;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Core.Excel
{
    public abstract class BaseGenerateSheet
    {
        public string SheetName { set; get; }

        public IWorkbook Workbook { get; set; }

        public virtual void GenSheet(ISheet sheet)
        {

        }
    }
}

以下这两个类，是我根据上面几个基础类自定义的一个导出类，基本上就配置一下表头，然后设置下正文表格样式。（哎呀，这个类代码我拷贝错了，不过使用方式基本类似，改天我修改下）

IdentityCardMonthPayOffSheet.cs

/* ==============================================================================
   * 功能描述：MonthPayOffSheet  
   * 创 建 者：Zouqj
   * 创建日期：2015/8/24 16:23:53
   ==============================================================================*/
using Core.Receivable;
using Core.Statistical;
using NPOI.SS.UserModel;
using NPOI.SS.Util;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Core.Excel.IdentityCardMonthPayOff
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 总表
    /// </summary>
    public class IdentityCardMonthPayOffSheet : GenerateSheet<IdentityCardMonthPay>
    {
        public IdentityCardMonthPayOffSheet(List<IdentityCardMonthPay> dataSource, string sheetName)
            : base(dataSource, sheetName)
        {

        }

        protected override List<ColumnsMapping> InitializeColumnHeadData()
        {
            List<ColumnsMapping> result = new List<ColumnsMapping>();
            result.Add(new ColumnsMapping()
            {
                ColumnsText = "结算月份",
                ColumnsData = GetPropertyName(p => p.SettleMonth),
                ColumnsIndex = 0,
                IsTotal = false,
                Width = 15
            });
            result.Add(new ColumnsMapping()
            {
                ColumnsText = "身份证调验数量",
                ColumnsData = GetPropertyName(p => p.ValidedCount),
                ColumnsIndex = 1,
                IsTotal = false,
                Width = 15
            });

            result.Add(new ColumnsMapping()
            {
                ColumnsText = "总成本",
                ColumnsData = GetPropertyName(p => p.TotalCost),
                ColumnsIndex = 2,
                IsTotal = false,
                Width = 15
            });
            result.Add(new ColumnsMapping()
            {
                ColumnsText = "总收入",
                ColumnsData = GetPropertyName(p => p.TotalIncome),
                ColumnsIndex = 3,
                IsTotal = false,
                Width = 15
            });
            result.Add(new ColumnsMapping()
            {
                ColumnsText = "毛利",
                ColumnsData = GetPropertyName(p => p.TotalMargin),
                ColumnsIndex = 4,
                IsTotal = false,
                Width = 15
            });
            result.Add(new ColumnsMapping()
            {
                ColumnsText = "毛利率",
                ColumnsData = GetPropertyName(p => p.MarginRate),
                ColumnsIndex = 5,
                IsTotal = false,
                Width = 15
            });
          
            return result;
        }

        protected override void SetColumnHead(NPOI.SS.UserModel.ISheet sheet, ref int rowIndex)
        {
            base.SetColumnHead(sheet,ref rowIndex);

            if (this.ColumnHeadList.Count > 0)
            {
                // 所有列头居中
                this.HeadStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
                this.HeadStyle.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Center;
            }
        }
        protected override void SetCellValue(ICell cell, int rowIndex, string drValue, ColumnsMapping columns)
        {
            base.SetCellValue(cell, rowIndex, drValue, columns);
            if (columns.ColumnsIndex == 5)
            {
                cell.SetCellValue(drValue + "%");
                cell.CellStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Right;
            }
        }
        protected override void SetTotal(NPOI.SS.UserModel.ISheet sheet, ref int rowIndex, int startRowIndex)
        {
            base.SetTotal(sheet, ref rowIndex, startRowIndex);
        }
    }
}

IdentityCardMonthPayDetailSheet.cs

/* ==============================================================================
   * 功能描述：IdentityCardMonthPayDetailSheet  
   * 创 建 者：Zouqj
   * 创建日期：2015/8/24 17:52:00
   ==============================================================================*/
using Core.Receivable;
using Core.Reconciliation;
using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
using NPOI.SS.UserModel;
using NPOI.SS.Util;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Core.Excel.IdentityCardMonthPayOff
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 身份证月结明细
    /// </summary>
    public class IdentityCardMonthPayDetailSheet : GenerateSheet<IdentityCardStatement>
    {
        public IdentityCardMonthPayDetailSheet(List<IdentityCardStatement> dataSource, List<object> date2, string sheetName)
            : base(dataSource, date2, sheetName)
        {

        }

        protected override List<ColumnsMapping> InitializeColumnHeadData()
        {
            List<ColumnsMapping> result = new List<ColumnsMapping>();
            result.Add(new ColumnsMapping()
            {
                ColumnsText = "月份",
                ColumnsData = GetPropertyName(p => p.ValideMonth),
                ColumnsIndex = 0,
                IsTotal = false,
                Width = 15
            });

            result.Add(new ColumnsMapping()
            {
                ColumnsText = "客户名称",
                ColumnsData = GetPropertyName(p => p.CustomerName),
                ColumnsIndex = 1,
                IsTotal = false,
                Width = 15
            });
            result.Add(new ColumnsMapping()
            {
                ColumnsText = "姓名",
                ColumnsData = GetPropertyName(p => p.IdentityName),
                ColumnsIndex = 2,
                IsTotal = false,
                Width = 17
            });
            result.Add(new ColumnsMapping()
            {
                ColumnsText = "身份证号码",
                ColumnsData = GetPropertyName(p => p.IdentityCardNO),
                ColumnsIndex = 3,
                IsTotal = false,
                Width = 15
            });
            result.Add(new ColumnsMapping()
            {
                ColumnsText = "成本调用次数",
                ColumnsData = GetPropertyName(p => p.CostCallCount),
                ColumnsIndex = 4,
                IsTotal = false,
                Width = 15
            });
            result.Add(new ColumnsMapping()
            {
                ColumnsText = "成本费用",
                ColumnsData = GetPropertyName(p => p.CostFee),
                ColumnsIndex = 5,
                IsTotal = false,
                Width = 15
            });
            result.Add(new ColumnsMapping()
            {
                ColumnsText = "收入调用次数",
                ColumnsData = GetPropertyName(p => p.IncomeCallCount),
                ColumnsIndex = 6,
                IsTotal = false,
                Width = 18
            });
            result.Add(new ColumnsMapping()
            {
                ColumnsText = "收入费用",
                ColumnsData = GetPropertyName(p => p.IncomeFee),
                ColumnsIndex = 7,
                IsTotal = false,
                Width = 18
            });
            result.Add(new ColumnsMapping()
            {
                ColumnsText = "毛利",
                ColumnsData = GetPropertyName(p => p.GrossProfit),
                ColumnsIndex = 8,
                IsTotal = false,
                Width = 15
            });
            result.Add(new ColumnsMapping()
            {
                ColumnsText = "毛利率",
                ColumnsData = GetPropertyName(p => p.GrossMargin),
                ColumnsIndex = 9,
                IsTotal = false,
                Width = 15
            });
          
            return result;
        }

        protected override void SetColumnHead(NPOI.SS.UserModel.ISheet sheet, ref int rowIndex)
        {
            if (this.ColumnHeadList.Count > 0)
            {
                // 冻结
                //sheet.CreateFreezePane(1, 4);
                // 所有列头居中
                this.HeadStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
                this.HeadStyle.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Center;
                for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
                {
                    IRow row = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);
                    foreach (ColumnsMapping cm in this.ColumnHeadList)
                    {
                        ICell cell = null;
                        if (i == 0)
                        {
                            if (cm.ColumnsIndex < 4)
                            {
                                // 合并行
                                sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(rowIndex, rowIndex + 1, cm.ColumnsIndex, cm.ColumnsIndex));
                                cell = row.CreateCell(cm.ColumnsIndex);
                                // 设置列宽
                                SetColumnsWidth(sheet, cm.ColumnsIndex, cm.Width);
                                // 设置列头样式
                                cell.CellStyle = this.HeadStyle;
                                cell.SetCellValue(cm.ColumnsText);
                            }
                            else if (cm.ColumnsIndex == 4 || cm.ColumnsIndex == 6|| cm.ColumnsIndex == 8)
                            {
                                sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(rowIndex, rowIndex, cm.ColumnsIndex, cm.ColumnsIndex + 1));
                                cell = row.CreateCell(cm.ColumnsIndex);
                                SetColumnsWidth(sheet, cm.ColumnsIndex, cm.Width);
                                cell.CellStyle = this.HeadStyle;
                                if (cm.ColumnsIndex == 4)
                                    cell.SetCellValue("成本");
                                else if (cm.ColumnsIndex == 6)
                                    cell.SetCellValue("收入");
                                else if (cm.ColumnsIndex == 8)
                                    cell.SetCellValue("毛利");
                                for (int j = 4; j <= 9; j++)
                                {
                                    if (j == 4 || j == 6|| j == 8)
                                        continue;
                                    cell = row.CreateCell(j);
                                    cell.CellStyle = this.HeadStyle;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            if (cm.ColumnsIndex >= 4 && cm.ColumnsIndex <= 9)
                            {
                                cell = row.CreateCell(cm.ColumnsIndex);
                                cell.CellStyle = this.HeadStyle;
                                SetColumnsWidth(sheet, cm.ColumnsIndex, cm.Width);
                                cell.SetCellValue(cm.ColumnsText);
                            }
                            else if (cm.ColumnsIndex >= 0 && cm.ColumnsIndex<=3)
                            {
                                cell = row.CreateCell(cm.ColumnsIndex);
                                cell.CellStyle = this.HeadStyle;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    rowIndex++;
                }
            }
        }

        protected override void SetCellValue(ICell cell, int rowIndex, string drValue, ColumnsMapping columns)
        {
            base.SetCellValue(cell, rowIndex, drValue, columns);
            if (columns.ColumnsIndex == 9)
            {
                cell.SetCellValue(drValue + "%");
                cell.CellStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Right;
            }
            if (columns.ColumnsIndex ==3) //身份证
            {
                //cell.SetCellType(CellType.Formula);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 合并单元格
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sheet">要合并单元格所在的sheet</param>
        /// <param name="rowstart">开始行的索引</param>
        /// <param name="rowend">结束行的索引</param>
        /// <param name="colstart">开始列的索引</param>
        /// <param name="colend">结束列的索引</param>
        public static void SetCellRangeAddress(ISheet sheet, int rowstart, int rowend, int colstart, int colend)
        {
            CellRangeAddress cellRangeAddress = new CellRangeAddress(rowstart, rowend, colstart, colend);
            sheet.AddMergedRegion(cellRangeAddress);
        }

        private string IsNull(object value)
        {
            if (value == null)
            {
                return "";
            }
            return value.ToString();
        }
    }
}

IdentityCardMonthPay.cs

using Core.Excel;
using Core.Excel.IdentityCardMonthPayOff;
using Core.Filters;
using Core.Receivable;
using Core.Statistical.Repositories;
using ProjectBase.Data;
using ProjectBase.Utils;
/* ==============================================================================
   * 功能描述：IdentityCardMonthPay  
   * 创 建 者：Zouqj
   * 创建日期：2015/8/19 18:06:28
   ==============================================================================*/
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using ProjectBase.Utils.Entities;
using Core.Reconciliation;

namespace Core.Statistical
{
    public class IdentityCardMonthPay : DomainObject<IdentityCardMonthPay, int, IIdentityCardMonthPayRepository>
    {
        #region property
        /// <summary>
        /// 身份证调验数量
        /// </summary>
        public virtual int ValidedCount { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 创建时间
        /// </summary>
        public virtual DateTime? CreateTime { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 结算月份
        /// </summary>
        public virtual string SettleMonth { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 月结状态
        /// </summary>
        public virtual MonthlyBalanceStatus Status { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 总成本
        /// </summary>
        public virtual decimal TotalCost { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 总收入
        /// </summary>
        public virtual decimal TotalIncome { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 总毛利
        /// </summary>
        public virtual decimal TotalMargin
        {
            get
            {
                return (TotalIncome - TotalCost).DecimalFormat();
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 毛利率 毛利率=(总收入-总的支出的成本)/总收入*100% 
        /// </summary>
        public virtual decimal MarginRate
        {
            get
            {
                return ((TotalIncome - TotalCost) / TotalIncome * 100).DecimalFormat();
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region common method
        /// <summary>
        /// 根据结算月份查找记录
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="SettleMonth">结算月份</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static long GetModelBySettleMonth(string SettleMonth)
        {
            return Dao.GetModelBySettleMonth(SettleMonth);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 分页获取数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filter"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static IPageOfList<IdentityCardMonthPay> GetByFilter(IdentityCardMonthPayFilter filter)
        {
            return Dao.GetByFilter(filter);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取结算月份是否锁定
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="SettleMonth">结算月份</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool GetIsLockBySettleMonth(string SettleMonth)
        {
            return Dao.GetIsLockBySettleMonth(SettleMonth);
        }
        public static List<IdentityCardMonthPay> GetListBySettleMonth(string ids)
        {
            return Dao.GetListBySettleMonth(ids);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 导出身份证月结excel
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="excelPath">excel生成路径</param>
        /// <param name="filter"></param>
        /// <param name="payOffMonthlist"></param>
        public static void ExportExcel(string excelPath, IdentityCardMonthPayFilter filter, string payOffMonthlist)
        {
            //总表  
            List<IdentityCardMonthPay> queryData = GetListBySettleMonth(filter.ListID);

            GenerateExcel genExcel = new GenerateExcel();
            genExcel.SheetList.Add(new IdentityCardMonthPayOffSheet(queryData, "身份证月结总表"));

            string[] sArray = payOffMonthlist.Contains(",") ? payOffMonthlist.Split(',') : new string[] { payOffMonthlist };

                for (int i = 0; i < sArray.Length; i++)
                {
                    var identityCardMonthPayDetail = IdentityCardStatement.GetByFilter(new IdentityCardFilter { IsMonthPayOff = 1, SettleMonth = sArray[i], PageSize=int.MaxValue }).ToList(); //月结明细
                    genExcel.SheetList.Add(new IdentityCardMonthPayDetailSheet(identityCardMonthPayDetail, null, sArray[i] + "身份证月结表明细"));
                }
            genExcel.ExportExcel(excelPath);
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

#region 导出身份证月结表

        /// <summary>
        /// 导出月结表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filter"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public JsonResult ExportExcelIdentityCard(IdentityCardMonthPayFilter filter, string payOffMonthlist)
        {
            string excelPath = this.Server.MapPath(string.Format(IdentityCardExcelDir + "身份证月结表_{0}.xlsx",
 DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmss")));
           
            MvcApplication._QueueIdentityCard.Enqueue(new IdentityCardMonthPayPara { ExcelPath = excelPath, Filter = filter, 
PayOffMonthlist = payOffMonthlist });
            //MvcApplication.OutputIdentityCardExcel();

            var result = new { IsSuccess = true, Message = "成功" };

            return Json(result);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 已生成的月结表列表
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public ActionResult LoadIdentityCardExcelList()
        {
            string myDir = Server.MapPath("~"+IdentityCardExcelDir);

            if (Directory.Exists(myDir) == false)//如果不存在就创建file文件夹
            {
                Directory.CreateDirectory(myDir);
            }
            DirectoryInfo dirInfo = new DirectoryInfo(myDir);
            List<LinkEntity> list = LinkEntityExt.ForFileLength(dirInfo, IdentityCardExcelDir);

            return View("LoadExcelList", list);
        }

        #endregion

Global.asax.cs，在应用程序启动时，监听队列，如果队列里面有数据，则进行导出操作，这样的话，即使操作人员离开了当前页面，也不影响生产excel操作。而且使用队列，可以防止并发产生的问题。

       public static Queue<IdentityCardMonthPayPara> _QueueIdentityCard = new Queue<IdentityCardMonthPayPara>();

        protected void Application_Start()
        {
            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();

            WebApiConfig.Register(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration);
            FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
            RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
            //BundleTable.EnableOptimizations = true;
            BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
            AuthConfig.RegisterAuth();
            RegisterContainer(ProjectBase.Data.IocContainer.Instance.Container);
            log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator.Configure();

            OutputIdentityCardExcel(); //这里进行注册
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 导出身份证月结表excel列表
        /// </summary>
        public static void OutputIdentityCardExcel()
        {
            IdentityCardMonthPayPara model = null;
            ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(o =>
            {
                while (true)
                {
                    if (_QueueIdentityCard != null && _QueueIdentityCard.Count > 0)
                    {
                        model = _QueueIdentityCard.Dequeue();

                        if (model != null)
                        {
                            IdentityCardMonthPay.ExportExcel(model.ExcelPath, model.Filter, model.PayOffMonthlist);
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            Thread.Sleep(6000);
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Thread.Sleep(6000);
                    }
                }
            });
        }

 实时导出

实时导出有好几种方式，我这里采用FileResult 来进行导出，使用FileResult导出要求服务器上面必须存在excel文件。在这里，如果没有选中任何行，我就导出查询到的所有数据，否则导出选中行的数据，由于数据不是很多，就采用实时导出的方式。

前台js代码：

    //导出Excel
    function exportExcel(table) {
        var nTrs = table.fnGetNodes();//fnGetNodes获取表格所有行，nTrs[i]表示第i行tr对象
        var row;
        var strdid = '';
        var selectCounts = 0;
        for (var i = 0; i < nTrs.length; i++) {
            if ($(nTrs[i])[0].cells[0].children[0].checked) {
                row = table.fnGetData(nTrs[i]);//fnGetData获取一行的数据        
                selectCounts++;
                strdid += "" + row.ID + ",";
            }
        }
        strdid = strdid.length > 0 ? strdid.substring(0, strdid.length - 1) : strdid;
        if (selectCounts < 1) { //按照查询结果进行导出
            window.location.href = '@Url.Action("ExportExcelByFilter", "Reconciliation")?' + "CusShortName=" + $("#CusShortName").val() +"&&LoadBillNum=" + $("#LoadBillNum").val() +"&&PostingTime=" + $("#PostingTime").val() + "&&PostingTimeTo=" + $("PostingTimeTo").val() +
 "&&ExceptionType="+$("#ExceptionType").val();
        }
        else { //导出选中行
            //window.location.href = '@Url.Action("ExportExcelBySelect", "Reconciliation")?' + "ListID=" + strdid; 地址栏太长会超出
            $.post('@Url.Action("ExportExcelBySelect", "Reconciliation")', { "ListID": strdid }, function (data) {
                window.location.href = data;
            });
        }
    }

控制器代码

        /// <summary>
        /// 导出选中的异常记录
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ListID"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public JsonResult ExportExcelBySelect(string ListID)
        {
            string url = "/Downloads/WayBillException/运单异常记录.xls";
            string excelUrl = Server.MapPath("~" + url);
            Core.Reconciliation.WayBillException.ExportExcel(excelUrl, ListID);
            return Json(url);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 导出查询的异常记录
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filter"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public FileResult ExportExcelByFilter(WayBillExceptionFilter filter)
        {
            filter.PageSize = int.MaxValue;
            string excelUrl = Server.MapPath("~/Downloads/WayBillException/运单异常记录.xls");
            Core.Reconciliation.WayBillException.ExportExcel(filter,excelUrl);

            return File(excelUrl, "application/ms-excel", "运单异常记录.xls");
        }

 工作太忙了，无暇整理，还望见谅！以后抽空慢慢完善！至于园友提到完整Demo，这个比较费时，以后我会整理一个。涉及的东西比较多，诸如：Nhibernate3.3代码映射、unity注入、仓储模式、多层架构等等。之前有写过前篇的一个系列，只是侧重于UI和控制器交互这一块，有兴趣的朋友可以去瞧一下。地址：ASP.NET MVC搭建项目后台UI框架—1、后台主框架

感触：工作中项目里通常使用了一种或几种框架，而每一种框架都是一系列设计模式的集合，想要一下子全部说明白，真的需要时间，有些东西更是难以用文字表述，只能自己慢慢领悟。