python初级实战-----主机在线情况监控web

背景

公司有600多台服务器，打算写一个小程序，能一眼看见哪些服务器不在线。

大体思路是：

1、把所有服务器ip存进数据库，ping命令判断服务器是否在线

2、更新数据库中ip的状态

3、简单的web显示出来

4、优化程序，美观页面

一、python检测IP在线

fping命令，它是对一个文件的批量ping，瞬间完成的，如果ping不通，那就较慢，日常ping不通的毕竟是少数，所以这个非常适用。

这个命令需要安装，直接yum就行，yum install fping -y

创建fping.sh的shell脚本
#!/bin/bash
 rm -f result.txt
 cat ipmi_ping.txt | fping > result.txt

执行结果：

二、读取mysql数据

1、创建一张数据表，存放ip等信息

#创建一个表
create table ip_table(
                   id int auto_increment,   #id自增
                   ipaddress char(15) not null, #地址禁止为空
                   application char(24),
                   status char(6),
                   primary key(id)
);
#插入部分数据
insert into ip_table values(id,'10.30.0.101','邮箱服务器','在线');
insert into ip_table values(id,'10.1.100.1','核心交换机','在线');
insert into ip_table values(id,'10.1.50.30','开发库','在线');
insert into ip_table values(id,'10.1.80.115','openstack控制节点','在线');
insert into ip_table values(id,'10.1.80.116','openstack计算节点','在线');
insert into ip_table values(id,'10.1.80.117','openstack块存储节点','在线');
commit;

2、python实现读取数据表中的内容，并写入到一个本地文件

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import pymysql

def get_loan_number(file):
    connect = pymysql.connect(
        host="10.1.80.200",
        port=3306,
        user="alex",
        passwd="alex",
        db="ip",
        charset='utf8'
    )
    print("写入中，请等待……")
    cursor = connect.cursor() #获取游标
    sql = "select ipaddress  from ip_table"  #执行的sql
    cursor.execute(sql) #执行数据库操作
    number = cursor.fetchall() #查询并返回所有结果
    fp = open(file, "w")
    loan_count = 0
    for loanNumber in number:
        loan_count += 1
        fp.write(loanNumber[0] + "
")
    fp.close()
    cursor.close()  #关闭指针对象
    connect.close() #关闭数据库连接
    print("写入完成,共写入%d条数据……" % loan_count)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    file = r"loanNUmber.txt"
    get_loan_number(file)

 二、执行fping脚本，并将结果输出到result文件

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import pymysql
import os

def get_loan_number(file):
    connect = pymysql.connect(
        host="localhost",
        port=3306,
        user="root",
        passwd="12345678",
        db="ip",
        charset='utf8'
    )
    print("写入中，请等待……")
    cursor = connect.cursor() #获取游标
    sql = "select ipaddress  from ip_table"  #执行的sql
    cursor.execute(sql) #执行数据库操作
    number = cursor.fetchall() #查询并返回所有结果
    fp = open(file, "w")
    loan_count = 0
    for loanNumber in number:
        loan_count += 1
        fp.write(loanNumber[0] + "
")
    fp.close()
    cursor.close()  #关闭指针对象
    connect.close() #关闭数据库连接
    print("写入完成,共写入%d条数据……" % loan_count)
    f = os.system('sh /ping/fping.sh')

if __name__ == "__main__":
    file = r"ipmi_ping.txt"
    get_loan_number(file)

三、读result.txt文件，将IP is unreachable的行提取更新状态‘不在线’

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import pymysql
import os
 
def get_loan_number(file):
    connect = pymysql.connect(
        host="localhost",
        port=3306,
        user="root",
        passwd="12345678",
        db="checkip",
        charset='utf8'
    )
    print("写入中，请等待……")
    cursor = connect.cursor() #获取游标
    sql = "select ipaddress  from ip_table"  #执行的sql
    cursor.execute(sql) #执行数据库操作
    number = cursor.fetchall() #查询并返回所有结果
    fp = open(file, "w")
    loan_count = 0
    for loanNumber in number:
        loan_count += 1
        fp.write(loanNumber[0] + "
")
    fp.close()
    print("写入完成,共写入%d条数据……" % loan_count)
    f = os.system('sh fping.sh')
 
    content = open('result.txt','r')
    first= content.read().split('
')
    for i in range(0,len(first)-1):
         tmp = first[i]
         ip = tmp[:tmp.index('is')-1]
         status = '在线'
         if 'unreachable' in tmp:
             status = '离线'
         cursor.execute('update ip_table set status ="%s" where ipaddress ="%s"'%(status,ip))
    connect.commit()
    content.close()
    cursor.close()  #关闭指针对象
    connect.close() #关闭数据库连接
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    file = r"ipmi_ping.txt"
    get_loan_number(file)

 此时已经可以在数据库中看见status发送了变化。

四、设置get_loan_number每秒执行

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import pymysql
import os
import time
 
def get_loan_number(file):
    connect = pymysql.connect(
        host="localhost",
        port=3306,
        user="root",
        passwd="12345678",
        db="checkip",
        charset='utf8'
    )
    cursor = connect.cursor() #获取游标
    sql = "select ipaddress  from ip_table"  #执行的sql
    cursor.execute(sql) #执行数据库操作
    number = cursor.fetchall() #查询并返回所有结果
    fp = open(file, "w")
    loan_count = 0
    for loanNumber in number:
        loan_count += 1
        fp.write(loanNumber[0] + "
")
    fp.close()
    f = os.system('sh fping.sh >> checkip.log 2>&1')
 
    content = open('result.txt','r')
    first= content.read().split('
')  #通过指定分隔符对字符串进行切片
    for i in range(0,len(first)-1):
         tmp = first[i]
         ip = tmp[:tmp.index('is')-1]
         status = '在线'
         if 'unreachable' in tmp:
             status = '离线'
         cursor.execute('update ip_table set status ="%s" where ipaddress ="%s"'%(status,ip))
    connect.commit()
    content.close()
    cursor.close()  #关闭指针对象
    connect.close() #关闭数据库连接
 
while True:
    get_loan_number(r"ipmi_ping.txt")
    time.sleep(3)

 五、设计web提取mysql数据

 这里我用了flask框架，因为简单好用。

首先安装python第三方模块：

pip3 install flask
pip3 install flask_bootstrap
pip3 install pymysql

建立base.html

{% extends "bootstrap/base.html"  %}
{% block title %}Flask{% endblock %}
{% block navbar %}
<div class="navbar navbar-inverse" role="navigation">
    <div class="container">
        <div class="navbar-header">
            <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".navbar-collapse">
                <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
            </button>
            <a class="navbar-brand" href="/">PMSystem</a>
        </div>
        <div class="navbar-collapse collapse">
            <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
                <li><a href="/">主机在线平台</a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
{% endblock %}

{% block content %}
<div class="container">
  {% block page_content %}{% endblock %}
</div>
{% endblock %}

建立index.html

{% extends "base.html" %}
 
{% block title %}主机平台{% endblock %}
 
{% block page_content %}
    <table class="table table-bordered">
    <tr>
        <th>序号</th>
        <th>IP地址</th>
        <th>服务</th>
        <th>是否在线</th>
    </tr>
        {% for i in u %}
            <tr>
                <td>{{ i[0] }}</td>
                <td>{{ i[1] }}</td>
                <td>{{ i[2] }}</td>
                <td>{{ i[3] }}</td>
            </tr>
    {% endfor %}
    </table>
 
{% endblock %}

建立app.py

from flask import Flask
from flask import render_template
from flask_bootstrap import Bootstrap
import pymysql
app = Flask(__name__)
bootstrap = Bootstrap(app)
 
@app.route('/')
def index():
    conn = pymysql.connect(host='10.1.80.110', user='alex', password='alex', db='checkip', charset='utf8')
    cur = conn.cursor()
    sql = "SELECT * FROM ip_table"
    cur.execute(sql)
    u = cur.fetchall()
    conn.close()
    return render_template('index.html',u=u)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0',debug=True)

 运行一下程序：

初步实现了需求。

 

六、设置后台执行

nohup /python3/bin/python3.5 -u ping.py >> ping.log 
nohup /python3/bin/python3.5 -u app.py >> app.log 2>&1 &