线程池
线程池:三大方法、7大参数、4种拒绝策略
线程池的好处:
1、降低资源的消耗
2、提高响应的速度
3、方便管理。
线程复用、可以控制最大并发数、管理线程
线程池:三大方法
// Executors 工具类、3大方法
public class poolTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//单个线程
// Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
//创建固定数量线程的线程池
// Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
//可伸缩的线程池
ExecutorService threadPool = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
try {
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
threadPool.execute(()->{
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"ok");
});
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
threadPool.shutdown();
}
}
}
7大参数
源码:
public static ExecutorService newSingleThreadExecutor() {
return new FinalizableDelegatedExecutorService
(new ThreadPoolExecutor(1, 1,
0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS,
new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>()));
}
public static ExecutorService newFixedThreadPool(int nThreads) {
return new ThreadPoolExecutor(nThreads, nThreads,
0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS,
new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>());
}
public static ExecutorService newCachedThreadPool() {
return new ThreadPoolExecutor(0, Integer.MAX_VALUE,//21亿多
60L, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
new SynchronousQueue<Runnable>());
}
//本质都是调用ThreadPoolExecutor
//最终会调用
//共7个参数
public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize, //核心线程池大小
int maximumPoolSize, //最大线程池大小
long keepAliveTime, //超时时间,超时时间过后未使用的线程会被释放
TimeUnit unit, //超时时间单位
BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue, //阻塞队列
ThreadFactory threadFactory, //线程工厂
RejectedExecutionHandler handler) { //拒绝策略
if (corePoolSize < 0 ||
maximumPoolSize <= 0 ||
maximumPoolSize < corePoolSize ||
keepAliveTime < 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
if (workQueue == null || threadFactory == null || handler == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
this.acc = System.getSecurityManager() == null ?
null :
AccessController.getContext();
this.corePoolSize = corePoolSize;
this.maximumPoolSize = maximumPoolSize;
this.workQueue = workQueue;
this.keepAliveTime = unit.toNanos(keepAliveTime);
this.threadFactory = threadFactory;
this.handler = handler;
}
手动创建线程池
/**
* 4种拒绝策略
* new ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy() // 队列满了还有线程进来,不处理这个线程,抛出异常
* new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy() // 不处理哪里来的回哪里去
* new ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolicy() //队列满了,丢掉任务,不会抛出异常!
* new ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardOldestPolicy() //队列满了,尝试去和最早的竞争,也不会抛出异常!
*/
public class Demo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 自定义线程池!工作 ThreadPoolExecutor
ExecutorService threadPool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
2,
5,
3,
TimeUnit.SECONDS,
new LinkedBlockingDeque<>(3),
Executors.defaultThreadFactory(),
new ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardOldestPolicy()); //队列满了,尝试去和最早的竞争,也不会抛出异常!
try {
// 最大承载:Deque + max
// 超过 RejectedExecutionException
for (int i = 1; i <= 9; i++) {
// 使用了线程池之后,使用线程池来创建线程
threadPool.execute(()->{
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" ok");
});
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 线程池用完,程序结束,关闭线程池
threadPool.shutdown();
}
}
}
小结
池的最大的大小如何去设置!
了解:IO密集型,CPU密集型:(调优)
public class Demo01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 自定义线程池!工作 ThreadPoolExecutor
// 最大线程到底该如何定义
// 1、CPU 密集型,几核,就是几,可以保持CPu的效率最高!
// 2、IO 密集型 > 判断你程序中十分耗IO的线程,
// 程序 15个大型任务 io十分占用资源!
// 获取CPU的线程数,如4核8线程返回8
System.out.println(Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors());
ExecutorService threadPool = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
2,
Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors(),
3,
TimeUnit.SECONDS,
new LinkedBlockingDeque<>(3),
Executors.defaultThreadFactory(),
new ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardOldestPolicy()); //队列满了,尝试去和最早的竞争,也不会抛出异常!
try {
// 最大承载:Deque + max
// 超过 RejectedExecutionException
for (int i = 1; i <= 9; i++) {
// 使用了线程池之后,使用线程池来创建线程
threadPool.execute(()->{
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" ok");
});
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 线程池用完,程序结束,关闭线程池
threadPool.shutdown();
}
}
}
视频参考https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1B7411L7tE
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