zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • RMAN异机恢复快速参考

    应用场景:服务器A为正常运行的生产环境,需要在服务器B上部署一套相同环境做测试。
    数据库环境:RHEL6.4 + Oracle 11.2.0.4.7

    一、 服务器A备份数据库

    二、 服务器B恢复数据库

    一、 服务器A备份数据库

    1.1 在线备份(数据库运行在归档模式)

    ``` nohup /bin/bash backup_all.sh & ``` 备份完将所有备份介质传到服务器B(如果两台机器是内连网络,可以考虑结合NFS服务从一开始就备份到服务器B上)。

    1.2 备份脚本内容

    ``` #!/bin/bash #ScriptName:backup_all.sh #Usage: backup all files in oracle user environment. #ex: nohup /bin/bash backup_all.sh > backup.log & #Author: Alfred Zhao #Creation: 2015-09-11 #Version: 1.0.0

    Define variable

    basedir=/u01/orabak
    date=date +%Y%m%d

    Create pfile

    sqlplus / as sysdba <<EOF
    create pfile='$basedir/pfile$date.ora' from spfile;
    EOF

    RMAN BACKUP

    rman target / log=$basedir/backup_all_$date.log <<EOF
    run{
    allocate channel c1 device type disk;
    allocate channel c2 device type disk;
    backup database filesperset 4 format '$basedir/full_%d_%T_%s_%p';
    sql 'alter system archive log current';
    sql 'alter system archive log current';
    sql 'alter system archive log current';
    sql 'alter system archive log current';
    backup archivelog all format '$basedir/arch_%d_%T_%s_%p' delete input;
    backup current controlfile format '$basedir/ctl_%d_%T_%s_%p';
    release channel c1;
    release channel c2;
    }
    EOF

    
    <h1 id="2">2. 服务器B恢复数据库</h1>
    <h2 id="2.1">2.1 服务器B安装数据库软件</h2>
    参考[http://www.cnblogs.com/jyzhao/p/3891769.html](http://www.cnblogs.com/jyzhao/p/3891769.html)安装数据库软件及之前的相关配置。
    然后创建密码文件:
    

    orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID password=oracle force=y entries=5

    <h2 id="2.2">2.2 启动实例到nomount状态(指定pfile文件)</h2>
    将`$basedir/pfile$date.ora`文件复制到`$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init$ORACLE_SID.ora`,根据实际服务器B的情况修改。然后启动实例到nomount状态(指定pfile文件)。
    

    startup nomount pfile='$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init$ORACLE_SID.ora'

    <h2 id="2.3">2.3 RMAN恢复控制文件,确定备份集有效性</h2>
    ### 2.3.1 RMAN恢复控制文件,启动数据库到mount状态,确定备份集有效性 ###
    

    backupControlFile=/u01/orabak/backup/ctl_JINGYU_20150911_46_1
    rman target / > crosscheck.log <<EOF
    restore controlfile from '$backupControlFile';
    alter database mount;
    crosscheck backupset;
    EOF

    ### 2.3.2 如果备份集无效,删除无效备份集,手工注册备份集 ###
    一般是两台主机的备份目录不一样,控制文件记录的备份集路径找不到对应的备份集,状态为'EXPIRED',此时应该删除这些过期的备份集,catalog新的备份集,再次确认备份集有效性。
    

    rman target / > catalog.log <<EOF
    catalog backuppiece '/u01/orabak/backup/full_JINGYU_20150911_39_1';
    catalog backuppiece '/u01/orabak/backup/full_JINGYU_20150911_40_1';
    catalog backuppiece '/u01/orabak/backup/full_JINGYU_20150911_41_1';
    catalog backuppiece '/u01/orabak/backup/full_JINGYU_20150911_42_1';
    catalog backuppiece '/u01/orabak/backup/arch_JINGYU_20150911_43_1';
    catalog backuppiece '/u01/orabak/backup/arch_JINGYU_20150911_44_1';
    catalog backuppiece '/u01/orabak/backup/arch_JINGYU_20150911_45_1';
    crosscheck backupset;
    delete noprompt expired backupset;
    EOF

    <h2 id="2.4">2.4 RMAN恢复数据库</h2>
    ### 2.4.1 restore数据文件 ###
    如果数据文件存放目录已经更改,需要重命名还原。
    

    rman target / log=restore.log <<EOF
    run {
    allocate channel c1 device type disk;
    allocate channel c2 device type disk;
    set newname for datafile 1 to '/u01/oradata02/o1_mf_system_01.dbf';
    set newname for datafile 2 to '/u01/oradata02/o1_mf_sysaux_01.dbf';
    set newname for datafile 3 to '/u01/oradata02/o1_mf_undotbs1_01.dbf';
    set newname for datafile 4 to '/u01/oradata02/o1_mf_users_01.dbf';
    set newname for datafile 5 to '/u01/oradata02/o1_mf_dbs_d_ji_01.dbf';
    set newname for datafile 6 to '/u01/oradata02/o1_mf_dbs_d_lu_01.dbf';
    set newname for datafile 7 to '/u01/oradata02/o1_mf_dbs_d_xx_01.dbf';
    set newname for datafile 8 to '/u01/oradata02/o1_mf_dbs_i_xx_01.dbf';
    restore database;
    switch datafile all;
    release channel c1;
    release channel c2;
    }
    EOF

    ### 2.4.2 recover数据文件 ###
    #### 2.4.2.1 recover database; ####
    

    rman target / log=recover.log <<EOF
    recover database;
    EOF

    
    #### 2.4.2.2 recover database until scn xxxxxxx; ####
    

    scn=1463689
    rman target / log=recover$scn.log <<EOF
    recover database until scn $scn;
    EOF

    这个scn根据上一步的日志信息获取。
    
    ### 2.4.3 修改日志文件路径 ###
    

    new_dest=/usr3/oradata/sysdata/redo_file
    sqlplus / as sysdba > logfile.log<<EOF
    set linesize 180 pagesize 100
    select 'alter database rename file '''||member||''' to ''$new_dest/redoXXX.log'';' from v$logfile;
    EOF

    **注意:**可以用UE列编辑模式快速处理下新的redo文件名字(即redoXXX.log改为对应的实际值)。
    
    ### 2.4.4 修改临时文件路径 ###
    

    new_dest=/usr3/oradata/sysdata
    sqlplus / as sysdba > tempfile.log<<EOF
    set linesize 180 pagesize 100
    select 'alter database rename file '''||name||''' to ''$new_dest/tempXXX.dbf'';' from v$tempfile;
    EOF

    **注意:**同样处理下新的temp文件名字(即tempXXX.dbf改为对应的实际值)。
    
    ### 2.4.5 打开数据库(resetlogs) ###
    

    sqlplus / as sysdba > dbopen.log<<EOF
    alter database open resetlogs;
    EOF

    启动过程中会自动创建redo文件,temp文件。
    
    <h2 id="2.5">2.5 恢复后操作</h2>
    ### 2.5.1 查看数据库基本信息 ###
    查看数据库实例和库的状态,数据文件、临时文件、日志文件、控制文件、参数文件路径信息。
    

    sqlplus / as sysdba > dbstatus.log <<EOF
    select instance_name, status from v$instance;
    select dbid, open_mode from v$database;
    select file_name from dba_data_files;
    select file_name from dba_temp_files;
    select member from v$logfile;
    show parameter control
    show parameter pfile
    EOF

    ### 2.5.2 创建spfile文件,重启数据库 ###
    创建spfile文件
    

    sqlplus / as sysdba > createSpfile.log <<EOF
    create spfile from pfile;
    EOF

    关闭数据库
    

    sqlplus / as sysdba > shutdownDB.log <<EOF
    shutdown immediate
    EOF

    启动数据库
    

    sqlplus / as sysdba > startDB.log <<EOF
    startup
    EOF

    
    ### 2.5.3 监听的配置 ###
    修改监听配置文件:`$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora`
    

    LISTENER =
    (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = JY-DB02)(PORT = 1521))
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
    )

    ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

    对应服务器主机名相关的3处修改:
    
    1. hostname显示正确主机名
    2. /etc/sysconfig/network中HOSTNAME配置
    3. /etc/hosts中IP地址和主机名的对应关系
    启动监听及查看监听状态:
    

    lsnrctl start
    lsnrctl status

  • 相关阅读:
    Computer Vision 基础学习
    PHP遍历文件夹下的文件时遇到中文目录乱码问题
    Note -「模板」矩阵
    Note -「模板」高斯消元
    Solution -「CF113D」Museum
    【更新中】后缀数组学习笔记
    【题解】ABC225F
    【更新中】2021ZR模拟赛要题记录
    【游记】CSP-S-2021
    【题解】#2019 [zr联赛集训day3]史上第四简洁的题面
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/jyzhao/p/4806434.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看