灾备演练

场景一 数据库被黑，数据全部丢失

1. 创建新的数据库

 #[脚本自动化安装](https://www.cnblogs.com/kcxg/p/10929968.html)
 chmod +x auto_install_mysql.sh
 ./auto_install_mysql.sh

2. 恢复最近一次全量备份

 1. 解压备份
 unzip gunzip alldb-20190524-010001.sql.gz

2.sql文件还原

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql  -uusername   -pPASSWORD  -f  <  alldb-20190524-010001.sql  （-f 参数表示在导出过程中忽略出现的SQL错误）

3. 通过binlog恢复全量备份之后的数据

3.1 mysqlbinlog

1). binlog拷贝到恢复机上

2). 使用mysqlbinlog 生成sql脚本

mysqlbinlog --database=[db_name] --start-datetime='2019-05-23 18:19:12' --stop-datetime='2019-05-25 21:53:56'  > 1.sql

3).binlog生成的sql脚本导入

mysql -uuser -ppassword < 1.sql

4).验证数据正确性

3.1 binlog2sql(https://www.cnblogs.com/kcxg/p/10644231.html)）

#根据备份文件名称确定开始还原时间以及binlog文件，解析得到sql语句。

python binlog2sql/binlog2sql.py  -h127.0.0.1 -P3306 -uadmin -p'admin' -dtest -ttbl --start-file='mysql-bin.000052' --start-datetime='2019-05-27 12:34:00' 

场景二 误删整张表数据，需要紧急回滚

1.登录mysql，查看目前的binlog文件

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+-----------+
| Log_name         | File_size |
+------------------+-----------+
| mysql-bin.000051 |       967 |
| mysql-bin.000052 |       965 |
+------------------+-----------+

2.最新的binlog文件是mysql-bin.000052，我们再定位误操作SQL的binlog位置。误操作人只能知道大致的误操作时间，我们根据大致时间过滤数据。

shell> python binlog2sql/binlog2sql.py -h127.0.0.1 -P3306 -uadmin -p'admin' -dtest -ttbl --start-file='mysql-bin.000052' --start-datetime='2016-12-13 20:25:00' --stop-datetime='2016-12-13 20:30:00'
输出：
INSERT INTO `test`.`tbl`(`addtime`, `id`, `name`) VALUES ('2016-12-13 20:26:00', 4, '小李'); #start 317 end 487 time 2016-12-13 20:26:26
UPDATE `test`.`tbl` SET `addtime`='2016-12-12 00:00:00', `id`=4, `name`='小李' WHERE `addtime`='2016-12-13 20:26:00' AND `id`=4 AND `name`='小李' LIMIT 1; #start 514 end 701 time 2016-12-13 20:27:07
DELETE FROM `test`.`tbl` WHERE `addtime`='2016-12-10 00:04:33' AND `id`=1 AND `name`='小赵' LIMIT 1; #start 728 end 938 time 2016-12-13 20:28:05
DELETE FROM `test`.`tbl` WHERE `addtime`='2016-12-10 00:04:48' AND `id`=2 AND `name`='小钱' LIMIT 1; #start 728 end 938 time 2016-12-13 20:28:05
DELETE FROM `test`.`tbl` WHERE `addtime`='2016-12-13 20:25:00' AND `id`=3 AND `name`='小孙' LIMIT 1; #start 728 end 938 time 2016-12-13 20:28:05
DELETE FROM `test`.`tbl` WHERE `addtime`='2016-12-12 00:00:00' AND `id`=4 AND `name`='小李' LIMIT 1; #start 728 end 938 time 2016-12-13 20:28:05

3.我们得到了误操作sql的准确位置在728-938之间，再根据位置进一步过滤，使用flashback模式生成回滚sql，检查回滚sql是否正确(注：真实环境下，此步经常会进一步筛选出需要的sql。结合grep、编辑器等)

shell> python binlog2sql/binlog2sql.py -h127.0.0.1 -P3306 -uadmin -p'admin' -dtest -ttbl --start-file='mysql-bin.000052' --start-position=3346 --stop-position=3556 -B > rollback.sql | cat
输出：
INSERT INTO `test`.`tbl`(`addtime`, `id`, `name`) VALUES ('2016-12-12 00:00:00', 4, '小李'); #start 728 end 938 time 2016-12-13 20:28:05
INSERT INTO `test`.`tbl`(`addtime`, `id`, `name`) VALUES ('2016-12-13 20:25:00', 3, '小孙'); #start 728 end 938 time 2016-12-13 20:28:05
INSERT INTO `test`.`tbl`(`addtime`, `id`, `name`) VALUES ('2016-12-10 00:04:48', 2, '小钱'); #start 728 end 938 time 2016-12-13 20:28:05
INSERT INTO `test`.`tbl`(`addtime`, `id`, `name`) VALUES ('2016-12-10 00:04:33', 1, '小赵'); #start 728 end 938 time 2016-12-13 20:28:05

4.确认回滚sql正确，执行回滚语句。登录mysql确认，数据回滚成功。
shell> mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P3306 -uadmin -p'admin' < rollback.sql

mysql> select * from tbl;
+----+--------+---------------------+
| id | name   | addtime             |
+----+--------+---------------------+
|  1 | 小赵   | 2016-12-10 00:04:33 |
|  2 | 小钱   | 2016-12-10 00:04:48 |
|  3 | 小孙   | 2016-12-13 20:25:00 |
|  4 | 小李   | 2016-12-12 00:00:00 |
+----+--------+---------------------+