python图像处理

Python创建bmp 文件的教程进链接：
点击进链接
代码实现：
`class bmp:
#bmp data structure

def __init__(self, w=1080, h=1920):
    self.w = w
    self.h = h

def calc_data_size (self):
    if((self.w*3)%4 == 0):
        self.dataSize = self.w * 3 * self.h
    else:
        self.dataSize = (((self.w * 3) // 4 + 1) * 4) * self.h

    self.fileSize = self.dataSize + 54

def conv2byte(self, l, num, len):
    tmp = num
    for i in range(len):
        l.append(tmp & 0x000000ff)
        tmp >>= 8

def gen_bmp_header (self):
    self.calc_data_size();
    self.bmp_header = [0x42, 0x4d]
    self.conv2byte(self.bmp_header, self.fileSize, 4) #file size
    self.conv2byte(self.bmp_header, 0, 2)
    self.conv2byte(self.bmp_header, 0, 2)
    self.conv2byte(self.bmp_header, 54, 4) #rgb data offset
    self.conv2byte(self.bmp_header, 40, 4) #info block size
    self.conv2byte(self.bmp_header, self.w, 4)
    self.conv2byte(self.bmp_header, self.h, 4)
    self.conv2byte(self.bmp_header, 1, 2)
    self.conv2byte(self.bmp_header, 24, 2) #888
    self.conv2byte(self.bmp_header, 0, 4)  #no compression
    self.conv2byte(self.bmp_header, self.dataSize, 4) #rgb data size
    self.conv2byte(self.bmp_header, 0, 4)
    self.conv2byte(self.bmp_header, 0, 4)
    self.conv2byte(self.bmp_header, 0, 4)
    self.conv2byte(self.bmp_header, 0, 4)

def print_bmp_header (self):
    length = len(self.bmp_header)
    for i in range(length):
        print("{:0>2x}".format(self.bmp_header[i]), end=' ')
        if i%16 == 15:
            print('')
    print('')

def paint_bgcolor(self, color=0xffffff):
    self.rgbData = []
    for r in range(self.h):
        self.rgbDataRow = []
        for c in range(self.w):
            self.rgbDataRow.append(color)
        self.rgbData.append(self.rgbDataRow)

def paint_line(self, x1, y1, x2, y2, color):
    k = (y2 - y1) / (x2 - x1)
    for x in range(x1, x2+1):
        y = int(k * (x - x1) + y1)
        self.rgbData[y][x] = color

def paint_rect(self, x1, y1, w, h, color):
    for x in range(x1, x1+w):
        for y in range(y1, y1+h):
            self.rgbData[y][x] = color
def save_image(self, name="save.bmp"):
    f = open(name, 'wb')

    #write bmp header
    f.write(array.array('B', self.bmp_header).tobytes())

    #write rgb data
    zeroBytes = self.dataSize // self.h - self.w * 3

    for r in range(self.h):
        l = []
        for i in range(len(self.rgbData[r])):
            p = self.rgbData[r][i]
            l.append(p & 0x0000ff)
            p >>= 8
            l.append(p & 0x0000ff)
            p >>= 8
            l.append(p & 0x0000ff)

        f.write(array.array('B', l).tobytes())

        for i in range(zeroBytes):
            f.write(bytes(0x00))

    #close file
    f.close()

`

用python读取bpm图片教程：
点击进教程

代码实现：
`f = open("save1.bmp", 'rb')
bmp_header_b = f.read(0x36)
print(bmp_header_b)
print('')

bmp_header_s = struct.unpack('<2sI2H4I2H6I', bmp_header_b)
print(bmp_header_s)
print('')`

把元组转化为class对象
`class bmp:
"data structure"

def __init__(self, tp):
    self.tag = tp[0]
    self.fileSize = tp[1]
    #reserved tp[2]
    #reserved tp[3]
    self.rgbOffset = tp[4]
    self.infoSize = tp[5]
    self.width = tp[6]
    self.height = tp[7]
    self.pane = tp[8]
    self.color = tp[9]
    self.compress = tp[10]
    self.rgbSize = tp[11]
    #reserved tp[12]
    #reserved tp[13]
    #reserved tp[14]
    #reserved tp[15]

def print_bmp_header(self):
    print("tag      :{}".format(self.tag))
    print("fileSize :{}".format(self.fileSize))
    print("rgbOffset:{}".format(self.rgbOffset))
    print("infoSize :{}".format(self.infoSize))
    print("width    :{}".format(self.width))
    print("height   :{}".format(self.height))
    print("pane     :{}".format(self.pane))
    print("color    :{}".format(self.color))
    print("compress :{}".format(self.color))
    print("rgbSize  :{}".format(self.rgbSize))

if name == 'main':

# ...

image = bmp(bmp_header_s)
image.print_bmp_header()
print('')       

读取RGB数据# bytearray
bmp_rgb_data_b = f.read()

bytearray -> list

list_b = array.array('B', bmp_rgb_data_b).tolist()

reshape -> 3d list

rgb_data_3d_list = numpy.reshape(list_b, (image.height, image.width, 3)).tolist()`