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  • web.xml 配置分析 转

       
    1、Web应用图标:指出IDE和GUI工具用来表示Web应用的大图标和小图标     
    <icon>     
    <small-icon>/images/app_small.gif</small-icon>     
    <large-icon>/images/app_large.gif</large-icon>     
    </icon>     
    2、Web 应用名称:提供GUI工具可能会用来标记这个特定的Web应用的一个名称     
    <display-name>Tomcat Example</display-name>     
    3、Web 应用描述: 给出于此相关的说明性文本     
    <disciption>Tomcat Example servlets and JSP pages.</disciption>     
    4、上下文参数:声明应用范围内的初始化参数。     
      <context-param>     
        <param-name>ContextParameter</para-name>     
        <param-value>test</param-value>     
        <description>It is a test parameter.</description>     
      </context-param>     
      在servlet里面可以通过getServletContext().getInitParameter("context/param")得到     
       
    5、过滤器配置:将一个名字与一个实现javaxs.servlet.Filter接口的类相关联。     
      <filter>     
            <filter-name>setCharacterEncoding</filter-name>     
            <filter-class>com.myTest.setCharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>     
            <init-param>     
                <param-name>encoding</param-name>     
                <param-value>GB2312</param-value>     
            </init-param>     
      </filter>     
      <filter-mapping>     
            <filter-name>setCharacterEncoding</filter-name>     
            <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>     
      </filter-mapping>     
    6、监听器配置     
      <listener>     
          <listerner-class>listener.SessionListener</listener-class>     
      </listener>     
    7、Servlet配置     
       基本配置     
       <servlet>     
          <servlet-name>snoop</servlet-name>     
          <servlet-class>SnoopServlet</servlet-class>     
       </servlet>     
       <servlet-mapping>     
          <servlet-name>snoop</servlet-name>     
          <url-pattern>/snoop</url-pattern>     
       </servlet-mapping>     
       高级配置     
       <servlet>     
          <servlet-name>snoop</servlet-name>     
          <servlet-class>SnoopServlet</servlet-class>     
          <init-param>     
             <param-name>foo</param-name>     
             <param-value>bar</param-value>     
          </init-param>     
          <run-as>     
             <description>Security role for anonymous access</description>     
             <role-name>tomcat</role-name>     
          </run-as>     
       </servlet>     
       <servlet-mapping>     
          <servlet-name>snoop</servlet-name>     
          <url-pattern>/snoop</url-pattern>     
       </servlet-mapping>     
       元素说明     
         <servlet></servlet> 用来声明一个servlet的数据,主要有以下子元素:     
         <servlet-name></servlet-name> 指定servlet的名称     
         <servlet-class></servlet-class> 指定servlet的类名称     
         <jsp-file></jsp-file> 指定web站台中的某个JSP网页的完整路径     
         <init-param></init-param> 用来定义参数,可有多个init-param。在servlet类中通过getInitParamenter(String name)方法访问初始化参数     
         <load-on-startup></load-on-startup>指定当Web应用启动时,装载Servlet的次序。     
                                     当值为正数或零时:Servlet容器先加载数值小的servlet,再依次加载其他数值大的servlet.    
                                     当值为负或未定义:Servlet容器将在Web客户首次访问这个servlet时加载它     
         <servlet-mapping></servlet-mapping> 用来定义servlet所对应的URL,包含两个子元素     
           <servlet-name></servlet-name> 指定servlet的名称     
           <url-pattern></url-pattern> 指定servlet所对应的URL     
    8、会话超时配置(单位为分钟)     
       <session-config>     
          <session-timeout>120</session-timeout>     
       </session-config>     
    9、MIME类型配置     
       <mime-mapping>     
          <extension>htm</extension>     
          <mime-type>text/html</mime-type>     
       </mime-mapping>     
    10、指定欢迎文件页配置     
       <welcome-file-list>     
          <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>     
          <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>     
          <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>     
       </welcome-file-list>     
    11、配置错误页面     
      一、 通过错误码来配置error-page     
       <error-page>     
          <error-code>404</error-code>     
          <location>/NotFound.jsp</location>     
       </error-page>     
      上面配置了当系统发生404错误时,跳转到错误处理页面NotFound.jsp。     
    二、通过异常的类型配置error-page     
       <error-page>     
           <exception-type>java.lang.NullException</exception-type>     
           <location>/error.jsp</location>     
       </error-page>     
      上面配置了当系统发生java.lang.NullException(即空指针异常)时,跳转到错误处理页面error.jsp     
    12、TLD配置     
       <taglib>     
           <taglib-uri>http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/debug-taglib</taglib-uri>     
           <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/jsp/debug-taglib.tld</taglib-location>     
       </taglib>     
       如果MyEclipse一直在报错,应该把<taglib> 放到 <jsp-config>中     
       <jsp-config>     
          <taglib>     
              <taglib-uri>http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/debug-taglib</taglib-uri>     
              <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/pager-taglib.tld</taglib-location>     
          </taglib>     
       </jsp-config>     
    13、资源管理对象配置     
       <resource-env-ref>     
           <resource-env-ref-name>jms/StockQueue</resource-env-ref-name>     
       </resource-env-ref>     
    14、资源工厂配置     
       <resource-ref>     
           <res-ref-name>mail/Session</res-ref-name>     
           <res-type>javax.mail.Session</res-type>     
           <res-auth>Container</res-auth>     
       </resource-ref>     
       配置数据库连接池就可在此配置:     
       <resource-ref>     
           <description>JNDI JDBC DataSource of shop</description>     
           <res-ref-name>jdbc/sample_db</res-ref-name>     
           <res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>     
           <res-auth>Container</res-auth>     
       </resource-ref>     
    15、安全限制配置     
       <security-constraint>     
          <display-name>Example Security Constraint</display-name>     
          <web-resource-collection>     
             <web-resource-name>Protected Area</web-resource-name>     
             <url-pattern>/jsp/security/protected/*</url-pattern>     
             <http-method>DELETE</http-method>     
             <http-method>GET</http-method>     
             <http-method>POST</http-method>     
             <http-method>PUT</http-method>     
          </web-resource-collection>     
          <auth-constraint>     
            <role-name>tomcat</role-name>     
            <role-name>role1</role-name>     
          </auth-constraint>     
       </security-constraint>     
    16、登陆验证配置     
       <login-config>     
         <auth-method>FORM</auth-method>     
         <realm-name>Example-Based Authentiation Area</realm-name>     
         <form-login-config>     
            <form-login-page>/jsp/security/protected/login.jsp</form-login-page>     
            <form-error-page>/jsp/security/protected/error.jsp</form-error-page>     
         </form-login-config>     
       </login-config>     
    17、安全角色:security-role元素给出安全角色的一个列表,这些角色将出现在servlet元素内的security-role-ref元素的role-name子元素中。     
        分别地声明角色可使高级IDE处理安全信息更为容易。     
      <security-role>     
         <role-name>tomcat</role-name>     
      </security-role>     
    18、Web环境参数:env-entry元素声明Web应用的环境项     
      <env-entry>     
         <env-entry-name>minExemptions</env-entry-name>     
         <env-entry-value>1</env-entry-value>     
         <env-entry-type>java.lang.Integer</env-entry-type>     
      </env-entry>     
    19、EJB 声明     
      <ejb-ref>     
         <description>Example EJB reference</decription>     
         <ejb-ref-name>ejb/Account</ejb-ref-name>     
         <ejb-ref-type>Entity</ejb-ref-type>     
         <home>com.mycompany.mypackage.AccountHome</home>     
         <remote>com.mycompany.mypackage.Account</remote>     
      </ejb-ref>     
    20、本地EJB声明     
      <ejb-local-ref>     
         <description>Example Loacal EJB reference</decription>     
         <ejb-ref-name>ejb/ProcessOrder</ejb-ref-name>     
         <ejb-ref-type>Session</ejb-ref-type>     
         <local-home>com.mycompany.mypackage.ProcessOrderHome</local-home>     
         <local>com.mycompany.mypackage.ProcessOrder</local>     
      </ejb-local-ref>     
    21、配置DWR     
      <servlet>     
          <servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>     
          <servlet-class>uk.ltd.getahead.dwr.DWRServlet</servlet-class>     
      </servlet>     
      <servlet-mapping>     
          <servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>     
          <url-pattern>/dwr/*</url-pattern>     
      </servlet-mapping>     
    22、配置Struts     
        <display-name>Struts Blank Application</display-name>     
        <servlet>     
            <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>     
            <servlet-class>     
                org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet     
            </servlet-class>     
            <init-param>     
                <param-name>detail</param-name>     
                <param-value>2</param-value>     
            </init-param>     
            <init-param>     
                <param-name>debug</param-name>     
                <param-value>2</param-value>     
            </init-param>     
            <init-param>     
                <param-name>config</param-name>     
                <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>     
            </init-param>     
            <init-param>     
                <param-name>application</param-name>     
                <param-value>ApplicationResources</param-value>     
            </init-param>     
            <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>     
        </servlet>     
        <servlet-mapping>     
            <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>     
            <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>     
        </servlet-mapping>     
        <welcome-file-list>     
            <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>     
        </welcome-file-list>     
       
        <!-- Struts Tag Library Descriptors -->     
        <taglib>     
            <taglib-uri>struts-bean</taglib-uri>     
            <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tld/struts-bean.tld</taglib-location>     
        </taglib>     
        <taglib>     
            <taglib-uri>struts-html</taglib-uri>     
            <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tld/struts-html.tld</taglib-location>     
        </taglib>     
        <taglib>     
        <taglib-uri>struts-nested</taglib-uri>     
        <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tld/struts-nested.tld</taglib-location>     
        </taglib>     
        <taglib>     
            <taglib-uri>struts-logic</taglib-uri>     
            <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tld/struts-logic.tld</taglib-location>     
        </taglib>     
        <taglib>     
            <taglib-uri>struts-tiles</taglib-uri>     
            <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tld/struts-tiles.tld</taglib-location>     
        </taglib>     
    23、配置Spring(基本上都是在Struts中配置的)     
       
       <!-- 指定spring配置文件位置 -->     
       <context-param>     
          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>     
          <param-value>     
           <!--加载多个spring配置文件 -->     
            /WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml, /WEB-INF/action-servlet.xml     
          </param-value>     
       </context-param>     
       
       <!-- 定义SPRING监听器,加载spring -->     
       
      <listener>     
         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>     
      </listener>     
       
      <listener>     
         <listener-class>     
           org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener     
         </listener-class>     
      </listener>
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/kevinge/p/2619939.html
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