sql语句练习

--5. 显示出表employees中的全部job_id（不能重复）
SELECT DISTINCT JOB_ID FROM EMPLOYEES;
--6. 显示出表employees的全部列，各个列之间用逗号连接，列头显示成OUT_PUT
SELECT EMPLOYEES.EMPLOYEE_ID || ',' || EMPLOYEES.FIRST_NAME || ',' ||
EMPLOYEES.LAST_NAME AS OUT_PUT
FROM EMPLOYEES;

--3. 选择工资不在5000到12000的员工的姓名和工资
SELECT FIRST_NAME, SALARY
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE SALARY > 12000
OR SALARY < 5000;
SELECT FIRST_NAME, SALARY
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE SALARY NOT BETWEEN 5000 AND 12000;
--4. 选择雇用时间在1998-02-01到1998-05-01之间的员工姓名，job_id和雇用时间
SELECT FIRST_NAME, JOB_ID, HIRE_DATE
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE HIRE_DATE BETWEEN '01-2月-98' AND '01-5月-98';

SELECT FIRST_NAME, JOB_ID, HIRE_DATE
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE HIRE_DATE BETWEEN TO_DATE('1998-02-01', 'yyyy-mm-dd') AND
TO_DATE('1998-05-01', 'yyyy-mm-dd');

--5. 选择在20或50号部门工作的员工姓名和部门号
SELECT FIRST_NAME, DEPARTMENT_ID
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID IN (20, 50);
--6. 选择在1994年雇用的员工的姓名和雇用时间
SELECT FIRST_NAME, HIRE_DATE
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE HIRE_DATE BETWEEN '01-1月-94' AND '01-1月-95';

SELECT FIRST_NAME, HIRE_DATE
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE to_char(HIRE_DATE,'yyyy') ='1994';

SELECT hire_date FROM employees;
--7. 选择公司中没有管理者的员工姓名及job_id
SELECT FIRST_NAME,manager_id, JOB_ID FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE MANAGER_ID IS NULL;
--8. 选择公司中有奖金的员工姓名，工资和奖金级别
SELECT * FROM employees e WHERE e.commission_pct IS NOT NULL;
--9. 选择员工姓名的第三个字母是a的员工姓名
SELECT FIRST_NAME FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE FIRST_NAME LIKE '__a%';
--10. 选择姓名中有字母a和e的员工姓名
SELECT FIRST_NAME
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE FIRST_NAME LIKE '%a%'
AND FIRST_NAME LIKE '%e%' SELECT FIRST_NAME
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE FIRST_NAME LIKE '%a%e%'
OR FIRST_NAME LIKE '%e%a%';

--0927；
--mysql,小型数据库，增删改查，适合小型的项目；
--oracle大型项目，数据量大；

--查询部门表中的所有列数据,select 后面是要查询的列名，from后面是要查的是哪一张表；
--SELECT * FROM departments;
--查询员工的id和员工的first_name；
--SELECT employee_id,first_name FROM employees;
--查询所有员工的年薪,as实现重命名或者是空格，两个以上单词组成的列名中间用_分割；
--select employee_id,salary*12 yearly_salary from employees;
SELECT EMPLOYEES.EMPLOYEE_ID FROM EMPLOYEES;

--查询所有员工的实发工资
SELECT EMPLOYEES.EMPLOYEE_ID, SALARY + SALARY * NVL(COMMISSION_PCT, 0)
FROM EMPLOYEES;
--查询所有员工的名字定义别名为emp name
SELECT FIRST_NAME "emp namE" FROM EMPLOYEES;
--将员工的first_name和last_name组合成emp_name显示
SELECT FIRST_NAME || ' ' || LAST_NAME EMP_NAME FROM EMPLOYEES;
--获得在员工表中出现的所有部门id(去重)
SELECT DISTINCT DEPARTMENT_ID FROM EMPLOYEES;

--查询90号部门的员工id，first_name,工资和部门号
SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID, FIRST_NAME, SALARY, DEPARTMENT_ID
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID = 90;

--查询工资大于5000的所有员工的信息
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE SALARY > 10000;

--查询first_name是john的人的信息
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE FIRST_NAME = 'John';
--查询工资大于5000并且他在50号部门工作
SELECT *
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE SALARY > 5000
AND DEPARTMENT_ID = 50;
--查询工资大于8000或者他在20号部门工作的员工信息
SELECT *
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE SALARY > 8000
OR DEPARTMENT_ID = 20;
--查询不在50号部门工作的人的员工id和部门id
SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID, DEPARTMENT_ID FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID <> 50;
--查询工资在5000-8000之间的员工的信息
--select * from employees where salary>=5000 and salary<=8000;
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE SALARY BETWEEN 5000 AND 8000;

--查询在20,50,60号部门工作的员工的信息
--select * from employees where department_id=20 or department_id=50 or department_id=60;
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID IN (20, 50, 60);
--查询没有奖金的员工的id，工资和奖金
SELECT E.EMPLOYEE_ID, E.SALARY, E.COMMISSION_PCT
FROM EMPLOYEES E
WHERE E.COMMISSION_PCT IS NULL;
--查询有奖金的员工的id，工资和奖金
SELECT E.EMPLOYEE_ID, E.SALARY, E.COMMISSION_PCT
FROM EMPLOYEES E
WHERE E.COMMISSION_PCT IS NOT NULL;
--查询不在20,50,60号部门工作的员工的信息
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID NOT IN (20, 50, 60);
--查询first_name首字符为S的员工的first_name,salary,department_id
SELECT FIRST_NAME, SALARY, DEPARTMENT_ID
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE FIRST_NAME LIKE 'S%';
--查询first_name第三个字符为a的员工的first_name,salary,department_id
SELECT FIRST_NAME, SALARY, DEPARTMENT_ID
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE FIRST_NAME LIKE '__a%';
--查询96年5月1日以前入职的员工信息
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE HIRE_DATE < '01-5月-96';
--查询在20号部门工作或者job_id含有VP字样的人的信息
SELECT *
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID = 20
OR JOB_ID LIKE '%VP%';

--按照工资升序排序查询所有员工信息
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES ORDER BY SALARY;
--按照部门降序排序查询所有员工信息
SELECT *
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID IS NOT NULL
ORDER BY DEPARTMENT_ID DESC;
--按照年薪进行排序
SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID, SALARY * 12 年薪 FROM EMPLOYEES ORDER BY 年薪;
--在部门排序的基础上进行工资排序
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES ORDER BY DEPARTMENT_ID DESC, SALARY DESC;

--实现查询的所有员工名字大写
SELECT LOWER(FIRST_NAME) FROM EMPLOYEES;

--查询虚表
SELECT INITCAP('hello world') FROM DUAL;

--在不区分大小写的情况下查询first_name为john的人的信息
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE UPPER(FIRST_NAME) = 'JOHN';

--使用虚表实现函数
SELECT CONCAT('hello', 'world'), SUBSTR('abcdefg', 3, 4) FROM DUAL;

SELECT CONCAT(FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME) FROM EMPLOYEES;

--查询工资
SELECT LPAD(SALARY, 8, '!') FROM EMPLOYEES;
SELECT RPAD(SALARY, 8, '@') FROM EMPLOYEES;

SELECT TRIM(' ' FROM ' Hello World ') FROM DUAL;

--round练习
SELECT ROUND(55.5555, 0) FROM DUAL;
--trunc练习
SELECT TRUNC(155.555, -1) FROM DUAL;
--sysdate练习
SELECT SYSDATE FROM DUAL;
--查询所有员工来公司了多少周（不能有小数）,周数降序排列
SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID, TRUNC((SYSDATE - HIRE_DATE) / 7) WEEK
FROM EMPLOYEES
ORDER BY WEEK DESC;
--next_day练习
SELECT NEXT_DAY(SYSDATE, '星期日') FROM DUAL;
--last_day练习
SELECT LAST_DAY(SYSDATE) FROM DUAL;
--日期的round练习
SELECT TRUNC(SYSDATE) FROM DUAL;

--当前日期转成字符型
SELECT SYSDATE FROM dual;
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'yyyy/mm/dd hh24:mi:ss') FROM DUAL;
--员工表中所有入职时间变为：年/月/日的样式显示
SELECT TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'yyyy/mm/dd') FROM EMPLOYEES;
--工资数字格式转换
SELECT TO_CHAR(SALARY, 'L999,999.99') FROM EMPLOYEES;
--将字符类型转成date
SELECT TO_DATE('2005-05-05', 'yyyy-mm-dd') FROM DUAL;

--10号部门的员工工资提升10%显示，20号提升20%，30号部门提升30%，其余部门不提升，工资重命名为
--update_salary
SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID,
DEPARTMENT_ID,
CASE DEPARTMENT_ID
WHEN 10 THEN
1.1 * SALARY
WHEN 20 THEN
1.2 * SALARY
WHEN 30 THEN
1.3 * SALARY
ELSE
SALARY
END "update_salary"
FROM EMPLOYEES
SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID,
DEPARTMENT_ID,
DECODE(DEPARTMENT_ID,
10,
1.1 * SALARY,
20,
1.2 * SALARY,
30,
1.3 * SALARY,
SALARY) UPDATE_SALARY
FROM EMPLOYEES

--1. 显示系统时间
SELECT SYSDATE FROM DUAL;

--2. 查询员工号，姓名，工资，以及工资提高百分之20%后的结果（new salary）
SELECT E.EMPLOYEE_ID, E.FIRST_NAME, E.SALARY, E.SALARY * 1.2 "new salary"
FROM EMPLOYEES E;
--3. 查询员工的姓名和工资，按下面的形式显示
SELECT E.LAST_NAME, LPAD(E.SALARY, 15, '$') FROM EMPLOYEES E;
--做一个查询，产生下面的结果 king***********
SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID,
SALARY,
RPAD(LAST_NAME, LENGTH(LAST_NAME) + (SALARY / 1000), '*')
FROM EMPLOYEES E;
--使用decode函数，按照下面的条件
--AD_PRES A
--ST_MAN B
--IT_PROG C
--SA_REP D
--ST_CLERK E

SELECT LAST_NAME,
JOB_ID,
DECODE(JOB_ID,
'AD_PRES',
'A',
'ST_MAN',
'B',
'IT_PROG',
'C',
'SA_REP',
'D',
'ST_CLERK',
'E',
NULL) GRADE
FROM EMPLOYEES;

SELECT LAST_NAME,
JOB_ID,
CASE JOB_ID
WHEN 'AD_PRES' THEN
'A'
WHEN 'ST_MAN' THEN
'B'
WHEN 'IT_PROG' THEN
'C'
ELSE
NULL
END GRADE
FROM EMPLOYEES;

--1. 显示所有员工的姓名，部门号和部门名称。
SELECT E.FIRST_NAME, E.DEPARTMENT_ID, D.DEPARTMENT_NAME
FROM EMPLOYEES E, DEPARTMENTS D
WHERE E.DEPARTMENT_ID = D.DEPARTMENT_ID(+);
--2. 查询90号部门员工的job_id和90号部门的location_id
SELECT E.EMPLOYEE_ID, E.JOB_ID, D.LOCATION_ID
FROM EMPLOYEES E
JOIN DEPARTMENTS D ON E.DEPARTMENT_ID = D.DEPARTMENT_ID
AND E.DEPARTMENT_ID = 90;
--3. 选择所有有奖金的员工的
--last_name , department_name , location_id , city
SELECT E.LAST_NAME,
D.DEPARTMENT_NAME,
L.LOCATION_ID,
L.CITY,
E.COMMISSION_PCT
FROM EMPLOYEES E
JOIN DEPARTMENTS D ON E.DEPARTMENT_ID = D.DEPARTMENT_ID
JOIN LOCATIONS L ON D.LOCATION_ID = L.LOCATION_ID
AND E.COMMISSION_PCT IS NOT NULL;
--4. 选择在Toronto工作的员工的
--last_name , job_id , department_id , department_name
SELECT E.LAST_NAME, E.JOB_ID, D.DEPARTMENT_ID, D.DEPARTMENT_NAME
FROM EMPLOYEES E, DEPARTMENTS D, LOCATIONS L
WHERE E.DEPARTMENT_ID = D.DEPARTMENT_ID
AND D.LOCATION_ID = L.LOCATION_ID
AND L.CITY = 'Toronto';
--5. 选择所有员工的姓名，员工号，以及他的管理者的姓名和员工号，结果类似于下面的格式
--employees Emp# manager Mgr#
--kochhar 101 king 100
SELECT EMP.FIRST_NAME EMPLOYEES,
EMP.EMPLOYEE_ID "Emp#",
MGR.FIRST_NAME MANAGER,
MGR.EMPLOYEE_ID "Mgr#"
FROM EMPLOYEES EMP, EMPLOYEES MGR
WHERE EMP.MANAGER_ID = MGR.EMPLOYEE_ID;

--6. 查询各部门员工姓名和他们的同事姓名，结果类似于下面的格式
--Department_id Last_name colleague
--20 fay hartstein
SELECT E.DEPARTMENT_ID, E.LAST_NAME, C.LAST_NAME COLLEAGUE
FROM EMPLOYEES E, EMPLOYEES C
WHERE E.DEPARTMENT_ID = C.DEPARTMENT_ID
AND E.EMPLOYEE_ID <> C.EMPLOYEE_ID

--求出工资的平均值
SELECT AVG(SALARY) 平均值, MAX(SALARY) 最大值
FROM EMPLOYEES
--求出工资的平均值，最大值，最小值，总和
SELECT AVG(SALARY) 平均值,
MAX(SALARY) 最大值,
MIN(SALARY),
SUM(SALARY)
FROM EMPLOYEES;

--求50号部门有多少人
SELECT COUNT(MANAGER_ID) FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID = 50;

--查询有多少个部门
SELECT COUNT(DEPARTMENT_ID) FROM DEPARTMENTS;

--查询各个部门的平均工资和最大工资
SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID, AVG(SALARY), MAX(SALARY)
FROM EMPLOYEES
GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID;
--查询各个job的工资总和
SELECT JOB_ID, SUM(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEES GROUP BY JOB_ID;
--查询各个部门的各个job的平均工资和最大工资
SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID, JOB_ID, AVG(SALARY), MAX(SALARY)
FROM EMPLOYEES
GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID, JOB_ID;

SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID, MAX(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEES GROUP BY EMPLOYEE_ID;

SELECT JOB_ID, COUNT(*) FROM EMPLOYEES GROUP BY JOB_ID;

--查询平均工资大于5000的部门的id和平均工资,并且部门号要求大于50
SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID, AVG(SALARY)
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID > 50
GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID
HAVING AVG(SALARY) > 5000
ORDER BY DEPARTMENT_ID DESC;
--查询最大工资大于10000的job_id和最大工资，要求job_id包含a字母
SELECT JOB_ID, MAX(SALARY)
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE LOWER(JOB_ID) LIKE '%a%'
GROUP BY JOB_ID
HAVING MAX(SALARY) > 10000
ORDER BY MAX(SALARY);
--查询最大工资的人的id
SELECT MAX(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEES;

--4. 查询公司员工工资的最大值，最小值，平均值，总和
SELECT MAX(E.SALARY), MIN(E.SALARY), AVG(E.SALARY), SUM(E.SALARY)
FROM EMPLOYEES E;
--5. 查询各job_id的员工工资的最大值，最小值，平均值，总和
SELECT JOB_ID, MAX(E.SALARY), MIN(E.SALARY), AVG(E.SALARY), SUM(E.SALARY)
FROM EMPLOYEES E
GROUP BY JOB_ID;
--6. 选择具有各个job_id的员工人数
SELECT JOB_ID, COUNT(EMPLOYEE_ID) FROM EMPLOYEES GROUP BY JOB_ID;

--7. 查询员工最高工资和最低工资的差距（DIFFERENCE）
SELECT MAX(SALARY) - MIN(SALARY) AS "DIFFERENCE" FROM EMPLOYEES;

--8. 查询各个管理者手下员工的最低工资，其中最低工资不能低于6000，没有管理者的员工不计算在内
SELECT E.MANAGER_ID, MIN(E.SALARY)
FROM EMPLOYEES E
WHERE E.MANAGER_ID IS NOT NULL
GROUP BY E.MANAGER_ID
HAVING MIN(E.SALARY) >= 6000;

--9. 查询所有部门的名字，location_id，员工数量和工资平均值
SELECT D.DEPARTMENT_NAME,
D.LOCATION_ID,
COUNT(E.EMPLOYEE_ID),
AVG(E.SALARY)
FROM EMPLOYEES E, DEPARTMENTS D
WHERE E.DEPARTMENT_ID = D.DEPARTMENT_ID
GROUP BY D.DEPARTMENT_NAME, D.LOCATION_ID;

--10. 查询公司的人数，以及在1995-1998年之间，每年雇用的人数，结果类似下面的格式
--total 1995 1996 1997 1998
--30 3 4 6 7
SELECT COUNT(EMPLOYEE_ID) TOTAL,
SUM(DECODE(TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'yyyy'), '1995', 1, 0)) "1995",
SUM(DECODE(TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'yyyy'), '1996', 1, 0)) "1996",
SUM(DECODE(TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'yyyy'), '1997', 1, 0)) "1997",
SUM(DECODE(TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'yyyy'), '1998', 1, 0)) "1998"
FROM EMPLOYEES;

SELECT COUNT(EMPLOYEE_ID) TOTAL,
COUNT(DECODE(TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'yyyy'), '1995', 1, NULL)) "1995",
COUNT(DECODE(TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'yyyy'), '1996', 1, NULL)) "1996",
COUNT(DECODE(TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'yyyy'), '1997', 1, NULL)) "1997",
COUNT(DECODE(TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'yyyy'), '1998', 1, NULL)) "1998"
FROM EMPLOYEES;

--select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy') from dual;

--查询工资比id为200号员工高的人的所有信息
SELECT *
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE SALARY > (SELECT SALARY FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = 200);
--查询和199号员工干同一工作的人的所有信息
SELECT *
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE JOB_ID = (SELECT JOB_ID FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = 199)
AND EMPLOYEE_ID <> 199;
--查询和126号员工同一个部门的人的所有信息
SELECT *
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID =
(SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = 126)
AND EMPLOYEE_ID <> 126;
--查询最大工资的人的名字和工资
SELECT LAST_NAME, SALARY
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE SALARY = (SELECT MAX(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEES);
--查询平均工资比200号员工工资高的部门id和平均工资
SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID, AVG(SALARY)
FROM EMPLOYEES
GROUP BY DEPARTMENT_ID
HAVING AVG(SALARY) > (SELECT SALARY FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = 200);
--选择在Toronto工作的员工的信息
--1，查询location表中的location_id
SELECT LOCATION_ID
FROM LOCATIONS L
WHERE L.CITY = 'Toronto'
--2,查询该location_id对应的部门id
SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID
FROM DEPARTMENTS
WHERE LOCATION_ID =
(SELECT LOCATION_ID FROM LOCATIONS L WHERE L.CITY = 'Toronto')
--3,根据部门id查询员工信息
SELECT *
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID =
(SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID
FROM DEPARTMENTS
WHERE LOCATION_ID =
(SELECT LOCATION_ID
FROM LOCATIONS L
WHERE L.CITY = 'Toronto'));

--查询工资比John高的人的信息
SELECT *
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE SALARY < ALL
(SELECT SALARY FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE FIRST_NAME = 'John');

SELECT COUNT(EMPLOYEE_ID) TOTAL,
COUNT(DECODE(TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'yyyy'), '1995', 1, NULL)) AS "1995"
FROM EMPLOYEES;
SELECT TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'yyyy'), COUNT(*)
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'yyyy') BETWEEN 1995 AND 1998
GROUP BY TO_CHAR(HIRE_DATE, 'yyyy');

--1. 查询和John相同部门的员工姓名和雇用日期

SELECT FIRST_NAME, HIRE_DATE
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID IN
(SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID FROM EMPLOYEES E WHERE FIRST_NAME = 'John');
--2. 查询工资比公司平均工资高的员工的员工号，姓名和工资。
SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID, FIRST_NAME, SALARY
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE SALARY > (SELECT AVG(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEES);

--3. 查询和姓名中包含字母u的员工在相同部门的员工的员工号和姓名
SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID, FIRST_NAME
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID IN
(SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE FIRST_NAME LIKE '%u%')
AND FIRST_NAME NOT LIKE '%u%';
--4. 查询在部门编号为20部门员工的员工号，和job_id

--5. 查询管理者是king的员工姓名和工资
SELECT FIRST_NAME || LAST_NAME ENAME, SALARY
FROM EMPLOYEES
WHERE MANAGER_ID IN
(SELECT EMPLOYEE_ID FROM EMPLOYEES WHERE LOWER(LAST_NAME) = 'king');

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE1;
--为jobs1表插入一条数据
INSERT INTO JOBS1
(JOB_ID, JOB_TITLE, MIN_SALARY, MAX_SALARY)
VALUES
('sal_man1', 'xxoo', 500, 5000);
--向员工表中插入数据
INSERT INTO EMPLOYEES
VALUES
(997,
'xx',
'oo',
'xxxx2',
'12456',
TO_DATE('1999-09-09', 'yyyy-mm-dd'),
'HR_REP',
12222,
NULL,
124,
NULL);

INSERT INTO JOBS1 (JOB_ID, JOB_TITLE) VALUES ('sal_man2', 'xxoo');

INSERT INTO JOBS1
(JOB_ID, MIN_SALARY, MAX_SALARY)
VALUES
('sal_man1', 500, 5000);
--把jobs中的所有数据插入到jobs1中
INSERT INTO JOBS1
(JOB_ID, JOB_TITLE)
SELECT FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME FROM EMPLOYEES;
INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE1
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEES;
--将30号部门的所有员工工资改为10000
UPDATE EMPLOYEE1 SET SALARY = 10000 WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID = 30;

--将和106号员工同一部门的人员的工资提升10%

UPDATE EMPLOYEE1
SET SALARY = 1.1 * SALARY
WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID =
(SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID FROM EMPLOYEE1 WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = 106)

UPDATE EMPLOYEE1 SET SALARY = 0;

--将所有工资低于108员工的人的部门全部调整到和108号员工同一部门
UPDATE EMPLOYEE1
SET DEPARTMENT_ID = (SELECT DEPARTMENT_ID
FROM EMPLOYEE1
WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = 108)
WHERE SALARY < (SELECT SALARY FROM EMPLOYEE1 WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = 108);

--将100号员工的部门改为12号
UPDATE EMPLOYEES SET DEPARTMENT_ID = 120 WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = 100;

--将100号部门的所有员工删除
DELETE FROM EMPLOYEE1 WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID = 100;
--将所有工资小于101号员工的人员信息删除
DELETE FROM EMPLOYEE1
WHERE SALARY < (SELECT SALARY FROM EMPLOYEE1 WHERE EMPLOYEE_ID = 101);
DELETE FROM EMPLOYEE1;

--删除部门表中部门id为30的记录
DELETE FROM DEPARTMENTS WHERE DEPARTMENT_ID = 30;

INSERT INTO JOBS1 VALUES ('zzz', DEFAULT, 20, 200);
SELECT * FROM JOBS1;

insert into emp values(7369, '任盈盈', '职员', 7902, to_date('1980-12-17','yyyy-mm-dd'), 800, NULL, 20);
insert into emp values(7499, '杨逍', '销售人员', 7698, to_date('1981-2-20','yyyy-mm-dd'), 1600, 300, 30);
insert into emp values(7521, '范遥', '销售人员', 7698, to_date('1981-2-22','yyyy-mm-dd'), 1250, 500, 30);
insert into emp values(7566, '任我行', '经理', 7839, to_date('1981-4-2','yyyy-mm-dd'), 2975, NULL, 20);
insert into emp values(7654, '金毛狮王', '销售人员', 7698, to_date('1981-9-28','yyyy-mm-dd'), 1250, 1400, 30);
insert into emp values(7698, '张无忌', '经理', 7839, to_date('1981-5-1','yyyy-mm-dd'), 2850, NULL, 30);
insert into emp values(7782, '苏荃', '经理', 7839, to_date('1981-6-9','yyyy-mm-dd'), 2450, NULL, 10);
insert into emp values(7788, '东方不败', '分析员', 7566, to_date('1982-12-9','yyyy-mm-dd'), 3000, NULL, 20);
insert into emp values(7839, '韦小宝', '总裁', NULL, to_date('1981-11-17','yyyy-mm-dd'), 5000, NULL, 10);
insert into emp values(7844, '紫衫龙王', '销售人员', 7698, to_date('1981-9-8','yyyy-mm-dd'), 1500, 0, 30);
insert into emp values(7876, '向问天', '职员', 7788, to_date('1983-1-12','yyyy-mm-dd'), 1100, NULL, 20);
insert into emp values(7900, '小昭', '职员', 7698, to_date('1981-12-3','yyyy-mm-dd'), 950, NULL, 30);
insert into emp values(7902, '令狐冲', '分析员', 7566, to_date('1981-12-3','yyyy-mm-dd'), 3000, NULL, 20);
insert into emp values(7934, '双儿', '职员', 7782, to_date('1982-1-23','yyyy-mm-dd'), 1300, NULL, 10);

update dept set dname='总部',loc='神龙岛' where deptno=10;
update dept set dname='技术部',loc='黑木崖' where deptno=20;
update dept set dname='市场部',loc='光明顶' where deptno=30;
update dept set dname='行政部',loc='嵩山' where deptno=40;

-----------------------------------4---------------------------------------------
--1、查询员工表所有数据
select * from emp;
--2、查询总裁的基本工资
select sal,job from emp where job='总裁';
--3、所有奖金为空的员工
select * from emp where comm is null;
--4、查询基本工资最高的三个人

select * from (select * from emp order by sal desc) where rownum<=3
--5、查询技术部的所在地
select loc from dept where dname='技术部'

--6、查询部门编号为30且奖金大于300元的员工信息
select * from emp where deptno=30 and comm>300
--7、查询部门编号为20的员工中基本工资最高的员工姓名和工资
select ename,sal from(select * from emp where deptno=20 order by sal desc ) where rownum=1

select ename,sal,deptno from emp
where sal=(select max(sal) from emp where deptno=20 )and deptno=20

--8、查询位于'嵩山'、'黑木崖'、'南海神宫'的部门信息
select * from dept where loc='嵩山' or loc='黑木崖' or loc='南海神宫';

select * from dept where loc in ('嵩山','黑木崖','南海神宫');

--9、查询入职日期在1981-5-1到1981-12-31之间的所有员工
select * from emp
where hiredate>=to_date('1981-5-1','yyyy-mm-dd') and hiredate<=to_date('1981-12-31','yyyy-mm-dd');

select * from emp hiredate between to_date('1981-5-1','yyyy-mm-dd') and to_date('1981-12-31','yyyy-mm-dd');

--10、查询所有名字为三个字的员工的员工编号,姓名
select empno,ename from emp where length(ename)=3

--11、查询10号部门的所有经理和20号部门的所有职员的详细信息
select * from emp where deptno=10 and job='经理' or deptno=20 and job='职员';

--12、查询姓名中没有‘王’字的员工的详细信息
select * from emp where instr(ename,'王')=0;
select * from emp where ename not like '%王%';
select * from emp where not ename like '%王%';

--13、查询员工姓名，将工作年限最长的员工排在最前面
select ename,hiredate from emp order by hiredate asc;

--14、查询'任我行'的基本工资
select sal,ename from emp where ename='任我行';

--15、查询基本工资比'任我行'多的所有员工的姓名和基本工资
select sal,ename from emp where sal>(select sal from emp where ename='任我行');

--16、查询各个部门经理的基本工资
select sal from emp where job='经理';

--17、查询与'东方不败'从事相同工作的员工的详细信息
select * from emp where job in (select job from emp where ename='东方不败') and ename<>'东方不败';

--18、查询市场部员工的姓名
select ename from emp where deptno=(select deptno from dept where dname='市场部');

--19、查询某些员工的姓名和基本工资，
--条件是他们的基本工资与部门30中某一
--个员工的基本工资相同
select ename,sal from emp where sal in(select distinct sal from emp where deptno=30) and deptno<>30;

--20、查询奖金收入比基本工资高的员工的详细信息
select * from emp where comm>sal;

-----------------------------------5---------------------------------------------
--21、查询不同部门的平均基本工资
select avg(sal),deptno from emp group by deptno;

--22、查询所有基本工资高于平均基本工资（平均基本工资为所有部门员工的基本工资平均数）的销售人员
select * from emp where job='销售人员' and sal>(select avg(sal) from emp);

--23、显示各种职位的最低基本工资
select min(sal),job from emp group by job;

--24、查询每个部门的人数
select count(*),deptno from emp group by deptno;

--25、查询每个部门入职最早的员工的入职时间和部门编号
select min(hiredate),deptno from emp group by deptno;

--26、显示所有职员的姓名及其所在部门的名称
select e.ename,d.dname from emp e,dept d where e.deptno=d.deptno;

--27、显示所有员工的姓名、所在部门名称和基本工资
select e.ename,d.dname,e.sal from emp e,dept d where e.deptno=d.deptno;

--28、显示不同部门不同职位的平均基本工资,部门名称，职位
select avg(sal),d.dname,e.job from emp e,dept d where d.deptno=e.deptno
group by d.dname,e.job order by d.dname,avg(sal) desc;

--29、查询部门平均工资大于员工平均工资（全体员工平均工资）的部门编号和平均工资
select deptno,avg(sal) from emp group by deptno having avg(sal)>(select avg(sal) from emp)

--30、查询没有员工的部门名称
select dname from dept where deptno not in(select distinct deptno from emp);

select count(e.empno),d.dname
from emp e right outer join dept d on e.deptno=d.deptno
group by d.dname
having count(e.empno)=0;

--31、查询 部门当中每个员工基本工资都大于1200的部门名称
select d.dname from emp e,dept d where e.deptno=d.deptno
group by d.dname having min(sal)>1200;