先来定义一个Human父类
定义部分：
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//// Human.h// OOP//// Created by jimmy.yang on 11-2-9.// Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.//#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>@interface Human : NSObject { BOOL sex;}+(void) toString;-(void) showSex;@end |
注：+(void)前的加号，就表示这一个是类方法(static 方法)，而-(void)表示这是一个实例方法
实现部分：
注意：下面的 -(id) init 即为构造函数。对应的，还有一个-(void)dealloc方法用来释放资源（类似于析构函数或c#中的dispose()方法）-注：dealloc方法以后在内存管理中详细学习，这里先不管它。
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//// Human.m// OOP//// Created by jimmy.yang on 11-2-9.// Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.//#import "Human.h"@implementation Human//构造函数-(id) init{ NSLog(@"init() in Human is called"); sex = TRUE; return(self);}//static类方法+ (void)toString{ NSLog(@"this is a class method of Human");}//实例方法- (void)showSex{ NSLog(@"my sex is %@",sex?@"MALE":@"FEMALE");}@end |
再来定义一个Woman子类
定义部分：
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//// Woman.h// OOP//// Created by jimmy.yang on 11-2-9.// Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.//#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>#import "Human.h"@interface Woman : Human { BOOL married;}-(void) canCook:(NSString*) foodName;-(void) setMarried:(BOOL)m;-(BOOL) Married;@end |
实现部分：
注意下面的：setMarried 与 Married 就是obj-C中属性的标准写法(当然以后还能看到其它简化的写法)
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//// Woman.m// OOP//// Created by jimmy.yang on 11-2-9.// Copyright 2011 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved.//#import "Woman.h"@implementation Woman//Woman类的构造函数-(id) init{ NSLog(@"init() in Woman is called!"); if (self==[super init]){ sex = FALSE; married = FALSE; } return (self);}//overwrite父类中的toString()+(void)toString{ NSLog(@"This is Woman's ToString()");}//Woman能做饭-(void)canCook:(NSString*) foodName{ NSLog(@"I can cook %@",foodName);}//属性的setter-(void) setMarried:(BOOL)m{ married = m;}//属性的getter-(BOOL) Married{ return married;}@end |
main方法中的调用：
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#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>#import "Human.h"#import "Woman.h"int main (int argc, const char * argv[]) { NSAutoreleasePool * pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; // insert code here... NSLog(@"Hello, World!"); //调用类的“静态”方法 [Human toString]; NSLog(@"----------------"); //创造一个Human的实例 Human *man = [Human new]; //调用man的showSex方法 [man showSex]; NSLog(@"----------------"); //定义一个Woman子类的实例 Woman *wife = [Woman new]; [wife canCook:@"Rice"]; //调用继承自父类的方法 [wife showSex]; //设置属性 [wife setMarried:TRUE]; //读取属性值 NSLog(@"wife's married = %@",wife.Married==NO?@"FALSE":@"TRUE"); NSLog(@"----------------"); //调用overwrite后的toString方法 [Woman toString]; //Factory模式中常用的手法，在这里依然适用(只不过编译时会有警告 'Human' may not respond to '-canCook:') Human *wife2 = [Woman new]; [wife2 canCook:@"soap"]; NSLog(@"----------------"); [pool drain]; return 0;} |
运行结果：
2011-02-09 17:01:02.016 OOP[1725:a0f] Hello, World!
2011-02-09 17:01:02.053 OOP[1725:a0f] this is a class method of Human
2011-02-09 17:01:02.062 OOP[1725:a0f] ----------------
2011-02-09 17:01:02.075 OOP[1725:a0f] init() in Human is called
2011-02-09 17:01:02.091 OOP[1725:a0f] my sex is MALE
2011-02-09 17:01:02.094 OOP[1725:a0f] ----------------
2011-02-09 17:01:02.099 OOP[1725:a0f] init() in Woman is called!
2011-02-09 17:01:02.104 OOP[1725:a0f] init() in Human is called
2011-02-09 17:01:02.105 OOP[1725:a0f] I can cook Rice
2011-02-09 17:01:02.108 OOP[1725:a0f] my sex is FEMALE
2011-02-09 17:01:02.109 OOP[1725:a0f] wife's married = TRUE
2011-02-09 17:01:02.111 OOP[1725:a0f] ----------------
2011-02-09 17:01:02.116 OOP[1725:a0f] This is Woman's ToString()
2011-02-09 17:01:02.120 OOP[1725:a0f] init() in Woman is called!
2011-02-09 17:01:02.121 OOP[1725:a0f] init() in Human is called
2011-02-09 17:01:02.123 OOP[1725:a0f] I can cook soap
2011-02-09 17:01:02.125 OOP[1725:a0f] ----------------
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