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  • Spring中配置和读取多个Properties文件--转

    public class PropertiesFactoryBeanextends PropertiesLoaderSupportimplements FactoryBean, InitializingBean

    Allows for making a properties file from a classpath location available as Properties instance in a bean factory. Can be used to populate any bean property of type Properties via a bean reference.

    Supports loading from a properties file and/or setting local properties on this FactoryBean. The created Properties instance will be merged from loaded and local values. If neither a location nor local properties are set, an exception will be thrown on initialization.

    Can create a singleton or a new object on each request. Default is a singleton.

    一个系统中通常会存在如下一些以Properties形式存在的配置文件

    1.数据库配置文件demo-db.properties：

    1. database.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost/smaple  
    2. database.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver  
    3. database.user=root  
    4. database.password=123  

    2.消息服务配置文件demo-mq.properties:

    1. #congfig of ActiveMQ  
    2. mq.java.naming.factory.initial=org.apache.activemq.jndi.ActiveMQInitialContextFactory  
    3. mq.java.naming.provider.url=failover:(tcp://localhost:61616?soTimeout=30000&connectionTimeout=30000)?jms.useAsyncSend=true&timeout=30000  
    4. mq.java.naming.security.principal=  
    5. mq.java.naming.security.credentials=  
    6. jms.MailNotifyQueue.consumer=5  

    3.远程调用的配置文件demo-remote.properties：

    1. remote.ip=localhost  
    2. remote.port=16800  
    3. remote.serviceName=test  

    一、系统中需要加载多个Properties配置文件

    应用场景：Properties配置文件不止一个，需要在系统启动时同时加载多个Properties文件。

    配置方式：

    1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
    2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    4.     xsi:schemaLocation="  
    5.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">  
    6.       
    7.     <!-- 将多个配置文件读取到容器中，交给Spring管理 -->  
    8.     <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">  
    9.         <property name="locations">  
    10.            <list>  
    11.               <!-- 这里支持多种寻址方式：classpath和file -->  
    12.               <value>classpath:/opt/demo/config/demo-db.properties</value>  
    13.               <!-- 推荐使用file的方式引入，这样可以将配置和代码分离 -->  
    14.               <value>file:/opt/demo/config/demo-mq.properties</value>  
    15.               <value>file:/opt/demo/config/demo-remote.properties</value>  
    16.             </list>  
    17.         </property>  
    18.     </bean>  
    19.       
    20.     <!-- 使用MQ中的配置 -->  
    21.     <bean id="MQJndiTemplate" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate">  
    22.         <property name="environment">  
    23.             <props>  
    24.                 <prop key="java.naming.factory.initial">${mq.java.naming.factory.initial}</prop>  
    25.                 <prop key="java.naming.provider.url">${mq.java.naming.provider.url}</prop>  
    26.                 <prop key="java.naming.security.principal">${mq.java.naming.security.principal}</prop>  
    27.                 <prop key="java.naming.security.credentials">${mq.java.naming.security.credentials}</prop>  
    28.                 <prop key="userName">${mq.java.naming.security.principal}</prop>  
    29.                 <prop key="password">${mq.java.naming.security.credentials}</prop>  
    30.             </props>  
    31.         </property>  
    32.     </bean>  
    33. </beans>  

     我们也可以将配置中的List抽取出来:

    1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
    2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    4.     xsi:schemaLocation="  
    5.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">  
    6.       
    7.     <!-- 将多个配置文件位置放到列表中 -->  
    8.     <bean id="propertyResources" class="java.util.ArrayList">  
    9.         <constructor-arg>  
    10.             <list>  
    11.               <!-- 这里支持多种寻址方式：classpath和file -->  
    12.               <value>classpath:/opt/demo/config/demo-db.properties</value>  
    13.               <!-- 推荐使用file的方式引入，这样可以将配置和代码分离 -->  
    14.               <value>file:/opt/demo/config/demo-mq.properties</value>  
    15.               <value>file:/opt/demo/config/demo-remote.properties</value>  
    16.             </list>  
    17.         </constructor-arg>  
    18.     </bean>  
    19.       
    20.     <!-- 将配置文件读取到容器中，交给Spring管理 -->  
    21.     <bean id="propertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">  
    22.         <property name="locations" ref="propertyResources" />  
    23.     </bean>  
    24.       
    25.     <!-- 使用MQ中的配置 -->  
    26.     <bean id="MQJndiTemplate" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate">  
    27.         <property name="environment">  
    28.             <props>  
    29.                 <prop key="java.naming.factory.initial">${mq.java.naming.factory.initial}</prop>  
    30.                 <prop key="java.naming.provider.url">${mq.java.naming.provider.url}</prop>  
    31.                 <prop key="java.naming.security.principal">${mq.java.naming.security.principal}</prop>  
    32.                 <prop key="java.naming.security.credentials">${mq.java.naming.security.credentials}</prop>  
    33.                 <prop key="userName">${mq.java.naming.security.principal}</prop>  
    34.                 <prop key="password">${mq.java.naming.security.credentials}</prop>  
    35.             </props>  
    36.         </property>  
    37.     </bean>  
    38. </beans>  

    二、整合多工程下的多个分散的Properties

    应用场景：工程组中有多个配置文件，但是这些配置文件在多个地方使用，所以需要分别加载。

    配置如下：

    1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
    2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    4.     xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
    5.     xsi:schemaLocation="  
    6.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">  
    7.       
    8.     <!-- 将DB属性配置文件位置放到列表中 -->  
    9.     <bean id="dbResources" class="java.util.ArrayList">  
    10.         <constructor-arg>  
    11.         <list>  
    12.             <value>file:/opt/demo/config/demo-db.properties</value>  
    13.         </list>  
    14.         </constructor-arg>  
    15.     </bean>  
    16.   
    17.     <!-- 将MQ属性配置文件位置放到列表中 -->  
    18.     <bean id="mqResources" class="java.util.ArrayList">  
    19.         <constructor-arg>  
    20.         <list>  
    21.             <value>file:/opt/demo/config/demo-mq.properties</value>  
    22.         </list>  
    23.         </constructor-arg>  
    24.     </bean>  
    25.       
    26.     <!-- 用Spring加载和管理DB属性配置文件 -->  
    27.     <bean id="dbPropertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">  
    28.         <property name="order" value="1" />  
    29.         <property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true" />   
    30.         <property name="locations" ref="dbResources" />  
    31.     </bean>  
    32.       
    33.     <!-- 用Spring加载和管理MQ属性配置文件 -->  
    34.     <bean id="mqPropertyConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">  
    35.         <property name="order" value="2" />  
    36.         <property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true" />   
    37.         <property name="locations" ref="mqResources" />  
    38.     </bean>  
    39.       
    40.     <!-- 使用DB中的配置属性 -->  
    41.     <bean id="rmsDataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"   
    42.         p:driverClassName="${demo.db.driver}" p:url="${demo.db.url}" p:username="${demo.db.username}"   
    43.         p:password="${demo.db.password}" pp:maxActive="${demo.db.maxactive}"p:maxWait="${demo.db.maxwait}"   
    44.         p:poolPreparedStatements="true" p:defaultAutoCommit="false">  
    45.     </bean>  
    46.       
    47.     <!-- 使用MQ中的配置 -->  
    48.     <bean id="MQJndiTemplate" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate">  
    49.         <property name="environment">  
    50.             <props>  
    51.                 <prop key="java.naming.factory.initial">${mq.java.naming.factory.initial}</prop>  
    52.                 <prop key="java.naming.provider.url">${mq.java.naming.provider.url}</prop>  
    53.                 <prop key="java.naming.security.principal">${mq.java.naming.security.principal}</prop>  
    54.                 <prop key="java.naming.security.credentials">${mq.java.naming.security.credentials}</prop>  
    55.                 <prop key="userName">${mq.java.naming.security.principal}</prop>  
    56.                 <prop key="password">${mq.java.naming.security.credentials}</prop>  
    57.             </props>  
    58.         </property>  
    59.     </bean>  
    60. </beans>  

     注意：其中order属性代表其加载顺序，而ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders为是否忽略不可解析的 Placeholder，如配置了多个PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer，则需设置为true。这里一定需要按照这种方式设置 这两个参数。

    三、Bean中直接注入Properties配置文件中的值

    应用场景：Bean中需要直接注入Properties配置文件中的值 。例如下面的代码中需要获取上述demo-remote.properties中的值：

    1. public class Client() {  
    2.     private String ip;  
    3.     private String port;  
    4.     private String service;  
    5. }  

     配置如下：

    1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
    2. <beans xmlns="<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans</a>"  
    3.  xmlns:xsi="<a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance</a>"  
    4.  xmlns:util="<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util">http://www.springframework.org/schema/util</a>"  
    5.  xsi:schemaLocation="  
    6.  <a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans</a> <a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd</a>  
    7.  <a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util">http://www.springframework.org/schema/util</a> <a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd">http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd</a>">  
    8.    
    9.  <!-- 这种加载方式可以在代码中通过@Value注解进行注入,   
    10.  可以将配置整体赋给Properties类型的类变量，也可以取出其中的一项赋值给String类型的类变量 -->  
    11.  <!-- <util:properties/> 标签只能加载一个文件，当多个属性文件需要被加载的时候，可以使用多个该标签 -->  
    12.  <util:properties id="remoteSettings" location="file:/opt/demo/config/demo-remote.properties" />   
    13.    
    14.  <!-- <util:properties/> 标签的实现类是PropertiesFactoryBean，  
    15.  直接使用该类的bean配置，设置其locations属性可以达到一个和上面一样加载多个配置文件的目的 -->  
    16.  <bean id="settings"   
    17.    class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">  
    18.    <property name="locations">  
    19.   <list>  
    20.     <value>file:/opt/rms/config/rms-mq.properties</value>  
    21.     <value>file:/opt/rms/config/rms-env.properties</value>  
    22.   </list>  
    23.    </property>  
    24.  </bean>  
    25. </beans>  

     Client类中使用Annotation如下：

    1. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;  
    2.   
    3. public class Client() {  
    4.     @Value("#{remoteSettings['remote.ip']}")  
    5.     private String ip;  
    6.     @Value("#{remoteSettings['remote.port']}")  
    7.     private String port;  
    8.     @Value("#{remoteSettings['remote.serviceName']}")  
    9.     private String service;  
    10. }  

    四、Bean中存在Properties类型的类变量

    应用场景：当Bean中存在Properties类型的类变量需要以注入的方式初始化

    1. 配置方式：我们可以用（三）中的配置方式，只是代码中注解修改如下

    1. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;  
    2. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;  
    3.   
    4. public class Client() {  
    5.     @Value("#{remoteSettings}")  
    6.     private Properties remoteSettings;  
    7. }  

    2. 配置方式：也可以使用xml中声明Bean并且注入

    1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
    2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    4.     xsi:schemaLocation="  
    5.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">  
    6.       
    7.     <!-- 可以使用如下的方式声明Properties类型的FactoryBean来加载配置文件，这种方式就只能当做Properties属性注入，而不能获其中具体的值 -->  
    8.     <bean id="remoteConfigs" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">  
    9.         <property name="locations">  
    10.             <list>  
    11.                 <value>file:/opt/demo/config/demo-remote.properties</value>  
    12.             </list>  
    13.         </property>  
    14.     </bean>  
    15.       
    16.     <!-- 远端调用客户端类 -->  
    17.     <bean id="client" class="com.demo.remote.Client">  
    18.         <property name="properties" ref="remoteConfigs" />  
    19.     </bean>  
    20. </beans>  

    代码如下：

    1. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;  
    2.   
    3. public class Client() {  
    4.     //@Autowired也可以使用  
    5.     private Properties remoteSettings;  
    6.       
    7.     //getter setter  
    8. }  

    上述的各个场景在项目群中特别有用，需要灵活的使用上述各种配置方式。

    原文：http://kingxss.iteye.com/blog/1880681

    补充：

    The Spring Framework PropertiesFactoryBeanTests.java source code

    复制代码
    /*
 * Copyright 2002-2006 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.beans.factory.config;

import java.util.Properties;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

import org.springframework.core.JdkVersion;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;

/**
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @since 01.11.2003
 */
public class PropertiesFactoryBeanTests extends TestCase {

    public void testWithPropertiesFile() throws Exception {
        PropertiesFactoryBean pfb = new PropertiesFactoryBean();
        pfb.setLocation(new ClassPathResource("/org/springframework/beans/factory/config/test.properties"));
        pfb.afterPropertiesSet();
        Properties props = (Properties) pfb.getObject();
        assertEquals("99", props.getProperty("tb.array[0].age"));
    }

    public void testWithPropertiesXmlFile() throws Exception {
        // ignore for JDK < 1.5
        if (JdkVersion.getMajorJavaVersion() < JdkVersion.JAVA_15) {
            return;
        }

        PropertiesFactoryBean pfb = new PropertiesFactoryBean();
        pfb.setLocation(new ClassPathResource("/org/springframework/beans/factory/config/test-properties.xml"));
        pfb.afterPropertiesSet();
        Properties props = (Properties) pfb.getObject();
        assertEquals("99", props.getProperty("tb.array[0].age"));
    }

    public void testWithLocalProperties() throws Exception {
        PropertiesFactoryBean pfb = new PropertiesFactoryBean();
        Properties localProps = new Properties();
        localProps.setProperty("key2", "value2");
        pfb.setProperties(localProps);
        pfb.afterPropertiesSet();
        Properties props = (Properties) pfb.getObject();
        assertEquals("value2", props.getProperty("key2"));
    }

    public void testWithPropertiesFileAndLocalProperties() throws Exception {
        PropertiesFactoryBean pfb = new PropertiesFactoryBean();
        pfb.setLocation(new ClassPathResource("/org/springframework/beans/factory/config/test.properties"));
        Properties localProps = new Properties();
        localProps.setProperty("key2", "value2");
        localProps.setProperty("tb.array[0].age", "0");
        pfb.setProperties(localProps);
        pfb.afterPropertiesSet();
        Properties props = (Properties) pfb.getObject();
        assertEquals("99", props.getProperty("tb.array[0].age"));
        assertEquals("value2", props.getProperty("key2"));
    }

    public void testWithPropertiesFileAndMultipleLocalProperties() throws Exception {
        PropertiesFactoryBean pfb = new PropertiesFactoryBean();
        pfb.setLocation(new ClassPathResource("/org/springframework/beans/factory/config/test.properties"));

        Properties props1 = new Properties();
        props1.setProperty("key2", "value2");
        props1.setProperty("tb.array[0].age", "0");

        Properties props2 = new Properties();
        props2.setProperty("spring", "framework");
        props2.setProperty("Don", "Mattingly");

        Properties props3 = new Properties();
        props3.setProperty("spider", "man");
        props3.setProperty("bat", "man");

        pfb.setPropertiesArray(new Properties[] {props1, props2, props3});
        pfb.afterPropertiesSet();

        Properties props = (Properties) pfb.getObject();
        assertEquals("99", props.getProperty("tb.array[0].age"));
        assertEquals("value2", props.getProperty("key2"));
        assertEquals("framework", props.getProperty("spring"));
        assertEquals("Mattingly", props.getProperty("Don"));
        assertEquals("man", props.getProperty("spider"));
        assertEquals("man", props.getProperty("bat"));
    }

    public void testWithPropertiesFileAndLocalPropertiesAndLocalOverride() throws Exception {
        PropertiesFactoryBean pfb = new PropertiesFactoryBean();
        pfb.setLocation(new ClassPathResource("/org/springframework/beans/factory/config/test.properties"));
        Properties localProps = new Properties();
        localProps.setProperty("key2", "value2");
        localProps.setProperty("tb.array[0].age", "0");
        pfb.setProperties(localProps);
        pfb.setLocalOverride(true);
        pfb.afterPropertiesSet();
        Properties props = (Properties) pfb.getObject();
        assertEquals("0", props.getProperty("tb.array[0].age"));
        assertEquals("value2", props.getProperty("key2"));
    }

    public void testWithPrototype() throws Exception {
        PropertiesFactoryBean pfb = new PropertiesFactoryBean();
        pfb.setSingleton(false);
        pfb.setLocation(new ClassPathResource("/org/springframework/beans/factory/config/test.properties"));
        Properties localProps = new Properties();
        localProps.setProperty("key2", "value2");
        pfb.setProperties(localProps);
        pfb.afterPropertiesSet();
        Properties props = (Properties) pfb.getObject();
        assertEquals("99", props.getProperty("tb.array[0].age"));
        assertEquals("value2", props.getProperty("key2"));
        Properties newProps = (Properties) pfb.getObject();
        assertTrue(props != newProps);
        assertEquals("99", newProps.getProperty("tb.array[0].age"));
        assertEquals("value2", newProps.getProperty("key2"));
    }

}
    复制代码
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/langtianya/p/5300388.html
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