在丢失归档情况下,恢复时常会遇到ora-01113错误,以下实验模拟表空间offline,然后在丢失归档文件的情况下使用BBED修改文件头信息,最后恢复数据文件；
数据库版本:
SQL> select * from v$version; BANNER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production CORE 11.2.0.1.0 Production TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
数据文件信息:
SQL> select file#,name, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,to_char(CHECKPOINT_TIME,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')checkpoint_time,status,BLOCK_SIZE from v$datafile; FILE# NAME CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME STATUS BLOCK_SIZE ---------- ----------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------- ------- ---------- 1 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/system01.dbf 3161898 2015-04-13 20:46:37 SYSTEM 8192 2 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/sysaux01.dbf 3161898 2015-04-13 20:46:37 ONLINE 8192 3 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/undotbs01.dbf 3161898 2015-04-13 20:46:37 ONLINE 8192 4 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/users01.dbf 3161898 2015-04-13 20:46:37 ONLINE 8192 5 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs01.dbf 3161898 2015-04-13 20:46:37 ONLINE 8192 6 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs02.dbf 3161898 2015-04-13 20:46:37 ONLINE 8192 7 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf 3161898 2015-04-13 20:46:37 ONLINE 8192 8 /tmp/tbs_tmp.dbf 3161898 2015-04-13 20:46:37 ONLINE 8192
offline数据文件7并删除归档模拟ora-01113:
SQL> alter database datafile 7 offline; Database altered. SQL> alter system switch logfile; System altered. SQL> alter system switch logfile; System altered. SQL> alter database datafile 7 online; alter database datafile 7 online * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01113: file 7 needs media recovery ORA-01110: data file 7: '/disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf' SQL> select file#,change#,time from v$recover_file; FILE# CHANGE# TIME ---------- ---------- --------- 7 3161898 13-APR-15
使用BBED需要修改的内容有:
ub4
kscnbas @484 #最后检查的SCN
ub4
kcvcptim @492 #检查时间
ub4
kcvfhcpc @140 #检查点发生次数
ub4
kcvfhccc @148 #未知,但值一直小于kcvfhcpc
1
BBED> info File# Name Size(blks) ----- ---- ---------- 1 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/system01.dbf 92160 2 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/sysaux01.dbf 71680 3 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/undotbs01.dbf 52480 4 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/users01.dbf 1600 5 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs01.dbf 221696 6 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs02.dbf 14592 7 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf 2560 8 /tmp/tbs_tmp.dbf 1280
先确认好system表空间文件信息:
BBED> set dba 1,1 block 1 DBA 0x00400001 (4194305 1,1) BLOCK# 1 BBED> print kcvfhckp struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes @484 struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes @484 ub4 kscnbas @484 0x003043a9 ub2 kscnwrp @488 0x0000 ub4 kcvcptim @492 0x34453174 BBED> dump/v dba 1,1 offset 484 count 30 File: /u01/app/oradata/sydb/system01.dbf (1) Block: 1 Offsets: 484 to 513 Dba:0x00400001 ------------------------------------------------------- a9433000 00000000 74314534 01000000 l ....t1E4.... ab000000 2e080000 1000866b 0200 l .......k.. BBED> dump/v dba 1,1 offset 492 count 30 File: /u01/app/oradata/sydb/system01.dbf (1) Block: 1 Offsets: 492 to 521 Dba:0x00400001 ------------------------------------------------------- 74314534 01000000 ab000000 2e080000 l t1E4........ 1000866b 02000000 00000000 0000 l ...k.......… BBED> print kcvfhcpc ub4 kcvfhcpc @140 0x00000237 BBED> dump/v dba 1,1 offset 140 count 30 File: /u01/app/oradata/sydb/system01.dbf (1) Block: 1 Offsets: 140 to 169 Dba:0x00400001 ------------------------------------------------------- 37020000 fe522034 36020000 00000000 l 7...6....... 00000000 00000000 00000000 0000 l ...........… BBED> print kcvfhccc ub4 kcvfhccc @148 0x00000236 BBED> dump/v dba 1,1 offset 148 count 30 File: /u01/app/oradata/sydb/system01.dbf (1) Block: 1 Offsets: 148 to 177 Dba:0x00400001 ------------------------------------------------------- 36020000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l 6............... 00000000 00000000 00000000 0000 l ..............
再确认数据文件7信息:
BBED> print kcvfhckp struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes @484 struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes @484 ub4 kscnbas @484 0x00303f2a ub2 kscnwrp @488 0x0000 ub4 kcvcptim @492 0x34452bad ub2 kcvcpthr @496 0x0001 BBED> dump/v dba 7,1 offset 484 count 30 File: /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf (7) Block: 1 Offsets: 484 to 513 Dba:0x01c00001 ------------------------------------------------------- 2a3f3000 00000000 ad2b4534 01000000 l *?0......... a8000000 65000000 10000000 0200 l e......... <16 bytes per line> BBED> dump/v dba 7,1 offset 492 count 30 File: /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf (7) Block: 1 Offsets: 492 to 521 Dba:0x01c00001 ------------------------------------------------------- ad2b4534 01000000 a8000000 65000000 l ....e... 10000000 02000000 00000000 0000 l ...........… BBED> print kcvfhcpc ub4 kcvfhcpc @140 0x00000164 BBED> dump/v dba 7,1 offset 140 File: /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf (7) Block: 1 Offsets: 140 to 169 Dba:0x01c00001 ------------------------------------------------------- 64010000 fe522034 63010000 00000000 l d...c....... 00000000 00000000 00000000 0000 l ...........… BBED> print kcvfhccc ub4 kcvfhccc @148 0x00000163 BBED> dump/v dba 7,1 offset 148 File: /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf (7) Block: 1 Offsets: 148 to 177 Dba:0x01c00001 ------------------------------------------------------- 63010000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l c............... 00000000 00000000 00000000 0000 l ..............
00303f2a 刚好是v$recover_file 中查询到的CHANGE#值
SQL> select to_number('00303f2a','xxxxxxxxx') from dual; TO_NUMBER('00303F2A','XXXXXXXXX') --------------------------------- 3161898
修改值:
BBED> modify /x a943 dba 7,1 offset 484 BBED> set offset +2 OFFSET 486 BBED> modify /x 3000 BBED> dump /v dba 7,1 offset 484 File: /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf (7) Block: 1 Offsets: 484 to 513 Dba:0x01c00001 ------------------------------------------------------- a9433000 00000000 ad2b4534 01000000 l ........ a8000000 65000000 10000000 0200 l e......… BBED> modify /x 74314534 dba 7,1 offset 492 File: /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf (7) Block: 1 Offsets: 492 to 521 Dba:0x01c00001 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 74314534 01000000 a8000000 65000000 10000000 02000000 00000000 0000 BBED> modify /x 37020000 dba 7,1 offset 140 File: /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf (7) Block: 1 Offsets: 140 to 169 Dba:0x01c00001 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 37020000 fe522034 63010000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 0000 BBED> modify /x 36020000 dba 7,1 offset 148 File: /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf (7) Block: 1 Offsets: 148 to 177 Dba:0x01c00001 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 36020000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 0000 BBED> sum apply Check value for File 7, Block 1: current = 0x7b4d, required = 0x7b4d
确认修改:
SQL> select * from v$recover_file; FILE# ONLINE ONLINE_ ERROR CHANGE# TIME ---------- ------- ------- ----------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- --------- 7 OFFLINE OFFLINE UNKNOWN ERROR 3163049 13-APR-15 SQL> column name format a35 SQL> select file#,name, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,to_char(CHECKPOINT_TIME,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')checkpoint_time,status,BLOCK_SIZE from v$datafile; FILE# NAME CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME STATUS BLOCK_SIZE ---------- ----------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------- ------- ---------- 1 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/system01.dbf 3163049 2015-04-13 21:11:16 SYSTEM 8192 2 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/sysaux01.dbf 3163049 2015-04-13 21:11:16 ONLINE 8192 3 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/undotbs01.dbf 3163049 2015-04-13 21:11:16 ONLINE 8192 4 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/users01.dbf 3163049 2015-04-13 21:11:16 ONLINE 8192 5 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs01.dbf 3163049 2015-04-13 21:11:16 ONLINE 8192 6 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs02.dbf 3163049 2015-04-13 21:11:16 ONLINE 8192 7 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf 3161898 2015-04-13 20:46:37 RECOVER 8192 8 /tmp/tbs_tmp.dbf 3163049 2015-04-13 21:11:16 ONLINE 8192
控制文件的信息没有被修改也无法通过BBED修改,所以此时无法恢复data file 7;
SQL> alter database datafile 7 online; alter database datafile 7 online * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01113: file 7 needs media recovery ORA-01110: data file 7: '/disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf' SQL> recover datafile 7; ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors ORA-01122: database file 7 failed verification check ORA-01110: data file 7: '/disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf' ORA-01207: file is more recent than control file - old control file
通过重建控制文件恢复数据文件7:
SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace; SQL> shutdown immediate SQL>STARTUP NOMOUNT CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "SYDB" NORESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG MAXLOGFILES 16 MAXLOGMEMBERS 3 MAXDATAFILES 100 MAXINSTANCES 8 MAXLOGHISTORY 292 LOGFILE GROUP 1 '/u01/app/oradata/sydb/redo01.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512, GROUP 2 '/u01/app/oradata/sydb/redo02.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512, GROUP 3 '/u01/app/oradata/sydb/redo03.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512 -- STANDBY LOGFILE DATAFILE '/u01/app/oradata/sydb/system01.dbf', '/u01/app/oradata/sydb/sysaux01.dbf', '/u01/app/oradata/sydb/undotbs01.dbf', '/u01/app/oradata/sydb/users01.dbf', '/disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs01.dbf', '/disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs02.dbf', '/disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf', '/tmp/tbs_tmp.dbf' CHARACTER SET UTF8 ; Control file created. SQL> alter database open; alter database open * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01113: file 7 needs media recovery ORA-01110: data file 7: '/disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf'' SQL> recover database; Media recovery complete. SQL> alter database open; Database altered. SQL> column name format a35 SQL> select file#,name, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,to_char(CHECKPOINT_TIME,'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')checkpoint_time,status,BLOCK_SIZE from v$datafile; FILE# NAME CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME STATUS BLOCK_SIZE ---------- ----------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------- ------- ---------- 1 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/system01.dbf 3183058 2015-04-13 22:11:12 SYSTEM 8192 2 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/sysaux01.dbf 3183058 2015-04-13 22:11:12 ONLINE 8192 3 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/undotbs01.dbf 3183058 2015-04-13 22:11:12 ONLINE 8192 4 /u01/app/oradata/sydb/users01.dbf 3183058 2015-04-13 22:11:12 ONLINE 8192 5 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs01.dbf 3183058 2015-04-13 22:11:12 ONLINE 8192 6 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs02.dbf 3183058 2015-04-13 22:11:12 ONLINE 8192 7 /disk2/oradata/sydb/tbs03.dbf 3183058 2015-04-13 22:11:12 ONLINE 8192 8 /tmp/tbs_tmp.dbf 3183058 2015-04-13 22:11:12 ONLINE 8192
注:不同情况，有可能还是无法打开数据库，比如报(ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery),尝试使用NORESETLOGS方式重建控制文件,然后在执行Media Recovery 。
--Then end (2015-04-13)