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  • android socket 编程总结

    一   Android 与PC 通讯:

    • PC : Java Server
    • Android :Java Client

    Java Server 源代码:

    public class PCSERVER implements Runnable {

     

        public static final String PCIP = "192.168.0.254" ;

        public static final int PCPORT = 55555;

     

        public void run() {

           try {

               System. out .println( "connecting......." );

     

               ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket( PCPORT );

               // 不断获取与客户端的连接(允许与多个客户端进行连接)

     

               while true ) {

                  // 获取与一个客户端的连接

                  Socket client = serverSocket.accept();

                  System. out .println( "S: Receiving..." );

     

                  try {

                      // 获取与某个连接上的客户端的输入流

                      BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(

                             new InputStreamReader(client.getInputStream()));

                      String clientConent = in.readLine();

                     

                      // 打印出服务端接收的客户端的信息

                      System. out .println( "Client:  " + clientConent );

                  } catch (Exception e) {

                      System. out .println( "Server Receive: Error" );

                      e.printStackTrace();

                  } finally {

                      client.close();

                      System. out .println( "Server Receive: Done." );

                  }

     

               }

     

           } catch (Exception e) {

               System. out .println( "S: Error" );

               e.printStackTrace();

           }

        }

     

        public static void main(String a[]) {

           Thread desktopServerThread = new Thread( new PCSERVER());

           desktopServerThread.start();

        }

    }

    对上边的源代码做一些介绍: 
    指定Server 监听的端口和服务器IP 地址。

    1

    public static final String PCIP = "192.168.0.254";

    2

    public static final int PCPORT = 55555;

    应用之前所指定的IP 和Port 创建一个ServerSocket 对象。

    1

    ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(PCPORT);

    用于侦听和捕捉通过Socket 连接的客户端。

    1

    Socket client = serverSocket.accept();

    应用Socket 创建 BufferedReader 对象 , 用于接收Socket Stream 中的数据。

    1

    BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(client.getInputStream()));

    Android Client 源代码:

    public class ClientActivity extends Activity {

        @Override

        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

           // TODO Auto-generated method stub

           super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);

           InetAddress serverAddr;

           Socket socket = null ;

           String message = "" ;

           try {

               serverAddr = InetAddress.getByName ( "192.168.0.254" );

               Log.d ( "TCP" , "C: Connecting..." );

              

               // 与服务器获取连接

               socket = new Socket(serverAddr, 55555);

               message = "Hello eoeandroid !" ;

           } catch (UnknownHostException e1) {

               // TODO Auto-generated catch block

               e1.printStackTrace();

           } // TCPServer.SERVERIP

           catch (IOException e) {

               // TODO Auto-generated catch block

               e.printStackTrace();

           }

          

           try {

               Log.d ( "TCP" , "C: Sending: '" + message + "'" );

              

               // 获取 Client 端的输出流

               PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter( new BufferedWriter(

                      new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream())), true );

               out.println(message);

            } catch (Exception e) {

               Log.e ( "TCP" , "S: Error" , e);

           } finally {

               try {

                  socket.close();

               } catch (IOException e) {

                  // TODO Auto-generated catch block

                  e.printStackTrace();

               }

           }

     

        }

    }

    对上边的源代码做一些介绍: 
    指定Server 的IP 地址。

    1

    InetAddress serverAddr = InetAddress.getByName("192.168.0.254");

    应用Server 的IP 和端口建立Socket 对象。

    1

    Socket socket = new Socket(serverAddr, 55555);

    根据已经建立的Socket 来创建PrintWriter ,将信息通过这个对象来发送给Server ,其中包含了三个部分:

    1

    PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter( new BufferedWriter( newOutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream())),true);

     

     

     

    二     Android 蓝牙通讯:

    Package name: android.bluetooth.* , 主要相关类介绍如下:

    • BluetoothAdapter: 本地蓝牙设备的适配类,所有的蓝牙操作都要通过该类完成;
    • BluetoothDevice: 蓝牙设备类,代表了蓝牙通讯过程中的远端设备;
    • BluetoothSocket: 蓝牙通讯套接字,代表了与远端设备的连接点,使用socket 本地程序可以通过inputstream 和outputstream 与远端程序进行通讯;
    • BluetoothServerSocket: 服务器通讯套接字,与TCP ServerSocket 类似;
    • BluetoothClass: 用于描述远端设备的类型,特点等信息,通过getBluetoothClass() 方法获取代表远端设备属性的BluetoothClass 对象。

    使用蓝牙必须获取的权限:

    一定要在AndroidManifest.xml 配置文件中配置上一下两个权限否则蓝牙设备是不可用的

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"/>

    建立蓝牙连接:

    通过BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter() 方法获取BluetoothAdapter 对象。

    判断当前蓝牙是否启动,如果没有启动提示用户手动启动:

    if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) {
        Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
        startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);
    }

    在Activity 的onActivityResult() 方法中,对用户的设定结果进行处理。

    搜寻远端蓝牙设备

    首先获取已配对的远端设备:

    Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();

    然后通过BluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery() 方法启动蓝牙设备的搜寻。这是个异步方法,调用的时候立刻就会返回。为了获得搜寻的结果,必须在用户自己的Activity 中注册一个BroadcastReceiver ,代码如下:

    // Create a BroadcastReceiver for ACTION_FOUND
    private final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            String action = intent.getAction();
            // When discovery finds a device
            if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
                // Get the BluetoothDevice object from the Intent
                BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
                // Add the name and address to an array adapter to show in a ListView
                mArrayAdapter.add(device.getName() + "/n" + device.getAddress());
            }
        }
    };
    // Register the BroadcastReceiver
    IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
    registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter); // Don't forget to unregister during onDestroy

    设置本地设备可以被发现

    只有将本地设备设置为可被发现,远端的蓝牙设备才能够找到并和本地设备建立连接。通过下面的代码发送Intent 对象,让用户手动启动可发现设置。

    Intent discoverableIntent = new
    Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);
    discoverableIntent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 300);
    startActivity(discoverableIntent);

    在本地设备可发现的过程中,可以通过注册BroadcastReceiver 监听可发现状态的改变。

     

    实现编码片段 :

    服务端

    UUID uuid = uuid.fromString(“27648B4D-D854-5674-FA60E4F535E44AF7 ″ );

    BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
    BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket = adapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(“MyBluetoothApp”, uuid);
    BluetoothSocket socket = serverSocket.accept(); // blocks until a connection is accepted
    serverSocket.close(); // close the listening socket

     

    客户端:

    UUID uuid = uuid.fromString(“27648B4D-D854-5674-FA60E4F535E44AF7 ″ ); // UUID of server socket

    BluetoothAdapter adapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
    BluetoothDevice device = adapter.getRemoteDevice(“00:11:22:33:44:55 ″ ); // BT MAC address of s erver

     

    // 发现连接后会获取服务端 socket 套接字 
    BluetoothSocket socket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(uuid);

    // 取消主动发现设备 
    adapter.cancelDiscovery();

    // 与服务端建立连接 
    adapter.connect();

     

    双方连接上后,就开始读写了

    InputStream in = socket.getInputStream();
    OutputStream out = socket.getOutputStream();
    out.write(…);
    in.read(…);

    in.close();
    out.close();
    socket.close();

     

    通信方式跟 socket 通信原理是一样的,只不过协议不一样,但是协议对于用户都是封装的,用户不必担心。

     

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/laojie4321/p/2478366.html
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