log4net 记录MVC监控日志

　　由于MVC自身的特点，可以让我们记录每一个Controller下Action的执行时间以及View视图渲染完成的时间，本文采用log4net记录MVC每个Action的执行时间和View视图渲染完成时间，以及请求Action时post或get的数据。这样通过日志记录的时间方便我们定位哪一个Action和View执行的时间过长，进而采取优化的手段。

监控日志监控的指标如下图

监控程序实现

　　改监控程序主要继承ActionFilterAttribute类，并重写其中的OnActionExecuted、OnActionExecuting、OnResultExecuted、OnResultExecuting几个方法实现。

1、监控日志对象

/// <summary>
    /// 监控日志对象
    /// </summary>
    public class MonitorLog
    {
        public string ControllerName
        {
            get;
            set;
        }
        public string ActionName
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        public DateTime ExecuteStartTime
        {
            get;
            set;
        }
        public DateTime ExecuteEndTime
        {
            get;
            set;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Form 表单数据
        /// </summary>
        public NameValueCollection FormCollections
        {
            get;
            set;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// URL 参数
        /// </summary>
        public NameValueCollection QueryCollections
        {
            get;
            set;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 监控类型
        /// </summary>
        public enum MonitorType
        {
            Action = 1,
            View = 2
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取监控指标日志
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="mtype"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string GetLoginfo(MonitorType mtype = MonitorType.Action)
        {
            string ActionView = "Action执行时间监控：";
            string Name = "Action";
            if (mtype == MonitorType.View)
            {
                ActionView = "View视图生成时间监控：";
                Name = "View";
            }
            string Msg = @"
            {0}
            ControllerName：{1}Controller
            {8}Name:{2}
            开始时间：{3}
            结束时间：{4}
            总 时 间：{5}秒
            Form表单数据：{6}
            URL参数：{7}
                    ";
            return string.Format(Msg,
                ActionView,
                ControllerName, 
                ActionName,
                ExecuteStartTime,
                ExecuteEndTime, 
                (ExecuteEndTime - ExecuteStartTime).TotalSeconds,
                GetCollections(FormCollections),
                GetCollections(QueryCollections),
                Name);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取Post 或Get 参数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="Collections"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string GetCollections(NameValueCollection Collections)
        {
            string Parameters = string.Empty;
            if (Collections == null || Collections.Count == 0)
            {
                return Parameters;
            }
            foreach (string key in Collections.Keys)
            {
                Parameters += string.Format("{0}={1}&", key, Collections[key]);
            }
            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(Parameters) && Parameters.EndsWith("&"))
            {
                Parameters = Parameters.Substring(0, Parameters.Length - 1);
            }
            return Parameters;
        }

    }

2、监控类

[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class | AttributeTargets.Method, AllowMultiple = false)]
    public class StatisticsTrackerAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute,IExceptionFilter
    {
        private readonly string Key = "_thisOnActionMonitorLog_";

        #region Action时间监控
        public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
        {
            MonitorLog MonLog = new MonitorLog();
            MonLog.ExecuteStartTime = Convert.ToDateTime(DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss.ffff", DateTimeFormatInfo.InvariantInfo));
            MonLog.ControllerName = filterContext.RouteData.Values["controller"] as string;
            MonLog.ActionName = filterContext.RouteData.Values["action"] as string;

            filterContext.Controller.ViewData[Key] = MonLog;
        }

        public override void OnActionExecuted(ActionExecutedContext filterContext)
        {
            MonitorLog MonLog = filterContext.Controller.ViewData[Key] as MonitorLog;
            MonLog.ExecuteEndTime = DateTime.Now;
            MonLog.FormCollections = filterContext.HttpContext.Request.Form;//form表单提交的数据
            MonLog.QueryCollections = filterContext.HttpContext.Request.QueryString;//Url 参数
            LoggerHelper.Monitor(MonLog.GetLoginfo());

        }
        #endregion

        #region View 视图生成时间监控
        public override void OnResultExecuting(ResultExecutingContext filterContext)
        {
            MonitorLog MonLog = filterContext.Controller.ViewData[Key] as MonitorLog;
            MonLog.ExecuteStartTime = DateTime.Now;
           
        }
        public override void OnResultExecuted(ResultExecutedContext filterContext)
        {
            MonitorLog MonLog = filterContext.Controller.ViewData[Key] as MonitorLog;
            MonLog.ExecuteEndTime = DateTime.Now;
            LoggerHelper.Monitor(MonLog.GetLoginfo(MonitorLog.MonitorType.View));
            filterContext.Controller.ViewData.Remove(Key);
        }
      
        #endregion

        #region 错误日志

        public void OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext)
        {
            if (!filterContext.ExceptionHandled)
            {
                string ControllerName =string.Format("{0}Controller",filterContext.RouteData.Values["controller"] as string);
                string ActionName = filterContext.RouteData.Values["action"] as string;
                string ErrorMsg = string.Format("在执行 controller[{0}] 的 action[{1}] 时产生异常", ControllerName, ActionName);
                LoggerHelper.Error(ErrorMsg, filterContext.Exception);
            }
        }
        #endregion

    }

3、引用监控

我们可以在每个Controller类上或Action上直接引用 [StatisticsTracker]即可完成对该Controller或Action的监控。

我们也可以在FilterConfig.cs中注册全局监控，这样我们就可以监控每一个Controller中的Action，代码如下：

public class FilterConfig
    {
        public static void RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilterCollection filters)
        {
            filters.Add(new HandleErrorAttribute());
            //监控引用
            filters.Add(new StatisticsTrackerAttribute());
        }
    }

LoggerHelper

　　log文件的记录采用log4net，log4net是.Net下一个非常优秀的开源日志记录组件。log4net记录日志的功能非常强大。具体配置如下。

1、log4net配置文件

　　log4Net的配置文件名称为log4net.config，具体配置如下。

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler, log4net"/>
  </configSections>
  <log4net>
    <!--错误日志-->
    <appender name="RollingLogFileAppender" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender">
      <file value="log\LogError\"/>
      <appendToFile value="true"/>
      <rollingStyle value="Date"/>
      <datePattern value="yyyy\yyyyMM\yyyyMMdd'.txt'"/>
      <staticLogFileName value="false"/>
      <param name="MaxSizeRollBackups" value="100"/>
      <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
        <!--每条日志末尾的文字说明-->
        <!--输出格式-->
        <!--样例：2008-03-26 13:42:32,111 [10] INFO  Log4NetDemo.MainClass [(null)] - info-->
        <conversionPattern value="%newline %n记录时间：%date %n线程ID:[%thread] %n日志级别：  %-5level %n错误描述：%message%newline %n"/>
      </layout>
    </appender>
    <!--Info日志-->
    <appender name="InfoAppender" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender">
      <param name="File" value="Log\LogInfo\" />
      <param name="AppendToFile" value="true" />
      <param name="MaxFileSize" value="10240" />
      <param name="MaxSizeRollBackups" value="100" />
      <param name="StaticLogFileName" value="false" />
      <param name="DatePattern" value="yyyy\yyyyMM\yyyyMMdd'.txt'" />
      <param name="RollingStyle" value="Date" />
      <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
        <conversionPattern value="%newline %n记录时间：%date %n线程ID:[%thread] %n日志级别：  %-5level %n日志描述：%message%newline %n"/>
      </layout>
    </appender>

    <!--监控日志-->
    <appender name="MonitorAppender" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender">
      <param name="File" value="Log\LogMonitor\" />
      <param name="AppendToFile" value="true" />
      <param name="MaxFileSize" value="10240" />
      <param name="MaxSizeRollBackups" value="100" />
      <param name="StaticLogFileName" value="false" />
      <param name="DatePattern" value="yyyy\yyyyMM\yyyyMMdd'.txt'" />
      <param name="RollingStyle" value="Date" />
      <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout">
        <conversionPattern value="%newline %n记录时间：%date %n线程ID:[%thread] %n日志级别：  %-5level %n跟踪描述：%message%newline %n"/>
      </layout>
    </appender>
    <!--Error日志-->
    <logger name="logerror">
      <level value="ERROR" />
      <appender-ref ref="RollingLogFileAppender" />
    </logger>
    <!--Info日志-->
    <logger name="loginfo">
      <level value="INFO" />
      <appender-ref ref="InfoAppender" />
    </logger>
    <!--监控日志-->
    <logger name="logmonitor">
      <level value="Monitor" />
      <appender-ref ref="MonitorAppender" />
    </logger>
  </log4net>
</configuration>

2、注册log4net配置文件

　　在Global.asax中注册log4net配置文件，代码如下

protected void Application_Start()
        {
            //注册 log4net
            log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator.Configure(
               new System.IO.FileInfo(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "\Config\log4net.config")
           );
            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();

            WebApiConfig.Register(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration);
            FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
            RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
            BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
        }

3、LoggerHelper.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace Monitor.Models.ActionFilters
{
    public class LoggerHelper
    {
        static readonly log4net.ILog loginfo = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger("loginfo");
        static readonly log4net.ILog logerror = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger("logerror");
        static readonly log4net.ILog logmonitor = log4net.LogManager.GetLogger("logmonitor");

        public static void Error(string ErrorMsg, Exception ex = null)
        {
            if (ex != null)
            {
                logerror.Error(ErrorMsg, ex);
            }
            else
            {
                logerror.Error(ErrorMsg);
            }
        }

        public static void Info(string Msg)
        {
            loginfo.Info(Msg);
        }

        public static void Monitor(string Msg)
        {
            logmonitor.Info(Msg);
        }
    }
}

4.log4net日志生成的文件目录结构如下图

目录结构我们区分开了错误日志、Info日志、监控日志，并且会按照日期生成日志，方便我们查看。

 源代码