C#调用存储过程详解(带返回值、参数输入输出等)

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[GetNameById]
 @studentid varchar(8),
 @studentname nvarchar(50) OUTPUT
AS
BEGIN
 SELECT @studentname=studentname FROM student
  WHERE studentid=@studentid
 if @@Error<>0
 RETURN -1
 else
 RETURN 0
END

using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr))
{
  try
  {
    SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("GetNameById", conn);
    cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
    cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@studentid", "09888888");　　//给输入参数赋值
    SqlParameter parOutput =cmd.Parameters.Add("@studentname", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 50);　　//定义输出参数
    parOutput.Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;　　//参数类型为Output
    SqlParameter parReturn = new SqlParameter("@return", SqlDbType.Int);
    parReturn.Direction = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue; 　　//参数类型为ReturnValue
    cmd.Parameters.Add(parReturn);
    conn.Open();
    cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
    MessageBox.Show(parOutput.Value.ToString());  //显示输出参数的值
    MessageBox.Show(parReturn.Value.ToString());　　//显示返回值
  }
  catch (System.Exception ex)
  {
    MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
  }
}

Create PROCEDURE AddOrderTran
  @country nvarchar(100),
  @adds nvarchar(100),
  @ynames nvarchar(100),
  @pids nvarchar(100),
  @cellp nvarchar(100),
  @cphone nvarchar(100),
  @amounts nvarchar(100),
  @cartnumber nvarchar(100)
as
  Declare @id int
  BEGIN TRANSACTION
    insert into Orders(Order_Country,Order_Adress,Order_UserName,Order_PostID,Cells,Order_Phone,Total_pay,CartNumber,IsPay)
      values (@country,@adds,@ynames,@pids,@cellp,@cphone,@amounts,@cartnumber,'0')
    Select @id=@@identity
    insert into Orders_Item (OrderNumber,ProductsID,Products_Color,Products_Price,Order_Qty,Item_Total)
      select @id,Carts_Item.ProductsID,Carts_Item.Products_Color,Carts_Item.Products_Price,Carts_Item.Item_Qty,Carts_Item.Total_Pay
      from Carts_Item where Carts_Item.CartNumber=@cartnumber
    delete Carts_Item where CartNumber=@cartnumber
    IF @@error <> 0 --发生错误
    BEGIN
      ROLLBACK TRANSACTION
      RETURN 0
    END
    ELSE
    BEGIN
      COMMIT TRANSACTION
      RETURN @id  --执行成功
  END

#region 执行存储过程
SqlParameter[] param = new SqlParameter[]
{
   new SqlParameter("@country",country),
   new SqlParameter("@adds",adds),
   new SqlParameter("@ynames",ynames),
   new SqlParameter("@pids", pids),
   new SqlParameter("@cellp",cellp),
   new SqlParameter("@cphone", cphone),
   new SqlParameter("@amounts",amounts),
   new SqlParameter("@cartnumber",cartnumber),
   new SqlParameter("@return",SqlDbType.Int)
};
param[8].Direction = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue;
MSCL.SqlHelper.RunProcedure("AddOrderTran", param);
object obj = param[8].Value; //接受返回值
//string connStr = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ConStr"].ToString();
//using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connStr))
//{
//  conn.Open();
//  SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("AddOrderTran", conn);
//  cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
//  SqlParameter para1 = new SqlParameter("@country", country);
//  para1.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input; //参数方向 为输入参数
//  cmd.Parameters.Add(para1);
//  SqlParameter para2 = new SqlParameter("@adds", adds);
//  para2.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input;
//  cmd.Parameters.Add(para2);
//  SqlParameter para3 = new SqlParameter("@ynames", ynames);
//  para3.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input;
//  cmd.Parameters.Add(para3);
//  SqlParameter para4 = new SqlParameter("@pids", pids);
//  para4.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input;
//  cmd.Parameters.Add(para4);
//  SqlParameter para5 = new SqlParameter("@cellp", cellp);
//  para5.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input;
//  cmd.Parameters.Add(para5);
//  SqlParameter para6 = new SqlParameter("@cphone", cphone);
//  para6.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input;
//  cmd.Parameters.Add(para6);
//  SqlParameter para7 = new SqlParameter("@amounts", amounts);
//  para7.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input;
//  cmd.Parameters.Add(para7);
//  SqlParameter para8 = new SqlParameter("@cartnumber", cartnumber);
//  para8.Direction = ParameterDirection.Input;
//  cmd.Parameters.Add(para8);
//  SqlParameter paraReturn = new SqlParameter("@return", SqlDbType.Int);
//  paraReturn.Direction = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue; //参数方向 为返回参数
//  cmd.Parameters.Add(paraReturn);
//  cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
//  object obj = paraReturn;
//  if (obj.ToString() == "0")
//  {
//    //存储过程执行失败
//  }
//  else
//  {
//    //成功
//  }
//}
//#endregion

　　

本文的数据库用的是sql server自带数据Northwind

1.只返回单一记录集的存储过程

SqlConnection sqlconn = new SqlConnection(conn);
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
// 设置sql连接
cmd.Connection = sqlconn;
// 如果执行语句
cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest1";
// 指定执行语句为存储过程
cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
SqlDataAdapter dp = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd);
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
// 填充dataset
dp.Fill(ds);
// 以下是显示效果
GridView1.DataSource = ds;
GridView1.DataBind();

CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest1
 AS
 select *
 from Categories
 GO

2. 没有输入输出的存储过程

SqlConnection sqlconn = new SqlConnection(conn);
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
cmd.Connection = sqlconn;
cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest2";
cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
sqlconn.Open();
// 执行并显示影响行数
Label1.Text = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery().ToString();
sqlconn.Close();

CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest2 AS
 insert into dbo.Categories
 (CategoryName,[Description],[Picture])
 values ('test1','test1',null)
 GO

3. 有返回值的存储过程

SqlConnection sqlconn = new SqlConnection(conn);
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
cmd.Connection = sqlconn;
cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest3";
cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
// 创建参数
IDataParameter[] parameters = {
     new SqlParameter("rval", SqlDbType.Int,4)
   };
// 将参数类型设置为 返回值类型
parameters[0].Direction = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue;
// 添加参数
cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[0]);
sqlconn.Open();
// 执行存储过程并返回影响的行数
Label1.Text = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery().ToString();
sqlconn.Close();
// 显示影响的行数和返回值
Label1.Text += "-" + parameters[0].Value.ToString() ;


CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest3
 AS
 insert into dbo.Categories
 (CategoryName,[Description],[Picture])
 values ('test1','test1',null)
 return @@rowcount
 GO

4. 有输入参数和输出参数的存储过程　　

SqlConnection sqlconn = new SqlConnection(conn);
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
cmd.Connection = sqlconn;
cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest4";
cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
// 创建参数
IDataParameter[] parameters = {
     new SqlParameter("@Id", SqlDbType.Int,4) ,
     new SqlParameter("@CategoryName", SqlDbType.NVarChar,15) ,
   };
// 设置参数类型
parameters[0].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output; // 设置为输出参数
parameters[1].Value = "testCategoryName";
// 添加参数
cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[0]);
cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[1]);
sqlconn.Open();
// 执行存储过程并返回影响的行数
Label1.Text = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery().ToString();
sqlconn.Close();
// 显示影响的行数和输出参数
Label1.Text += "-" + parameters[0].Value.ToString() ;

CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest4
 @id int output,
 @CategoryName nvarchar(15)
 AS
 insert into dbo.Categories
 (CategoryName,[Description],[Picture])
 values (@CategoryName,'test1',null)
 set @id = @@IDENTITY
 GO

5. 同时具有返回值、输入参数、输出参数的存储过程　　

SqlConnection sqlconn = new SqlConnection(conn);
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
cmd.Connection = sqlconn;
cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest5";
cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
// 创建参数
IDataParameter[] parameters = {
     new SqlParameter("@Id", SqlDbType.Int,4) ,
     new SqlParameter("@CategoryName", SqlDbType.NVarChar,15) ,
     new SqlParameter("rval", SqlDbType.Int,4)
   };
// 设置参数类型
parameters[0].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;    // 设置为输出参数
parameters[1].Value = "testCategoryName";         // 给输入参数赋值
parameters[2].Direction = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue; // 设置为返回值
// 添加参数
cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[0]);
cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[1]);
cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[2]);
sqlconn.Open();
// 执行存储过程并返回影响的行数
Label1.Text = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery().ToString();
sqlconn.Close();
// 显示影响的行数，输出参数和返回值
Label1.Text += "-" + parameters[0].Value.ToString() + "-" + parameters[2].Value.ToString();


CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest5
 @id int output,
 @CategoryName nvarchar(15)
 AS
 insert into dbo.Categories
 (CategoryName,[Description],[Picture])
 values (@CategoryName,'test1',null)
 set @id = @@IDENTITY
 return @@rowcount
 GO

6. 同时返回参数和记录集的存储过程　

SqlConnection sqlconn = new SqlConnection(conn);
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
cmd.Connection = sqlconn;
cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest6";
cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
// 创建参数
IDataParameter[] parameters = {
     new SqlParameter("@Id", SqlDbType.Int,4) ,
     new SqlParameter("@CategoryName", SqlDbType.NVarChar,15) ,
     new SqlParameter("rval", SqlDbType.Int,4)          // 返回值
  };
// 设置参数类型
parameters[0].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;    // 设置为输出参数
parameters[1].Value = "testCategoryName";          // 给输入参数赋值
parameters[2].Direction = ParameterDirection.ReturnValue;  // 设置为返回值
// 添加参数
cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[0]);
cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[1]);
cmd.Parameters.Add(parameters[2]);
SqlDataAdapter dp = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd);
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
// 填充dataset
dp.Fill(ds);
// 显示结果集
GridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[0];
GridView1.DataBind();
Label1.Text = "";
// 显示输出参数和返回值
Label1.Text += parameters[0].Value.ToString() + "-" + parameters[2].Value.ToString();


CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest6
 @id int output,
 @CategoryName nvarchar(15)
 AS
 insert into dbo.Categories
 (CategoryName,[Description],[Picture])
 values (@CategoryName,'test1',null)
 set @id = @@IDENTITY
 select * from Categories
 return @@rowcount
 GO

7. 返回多个记录集的存储过程　　

SqlConnection sqlconn = new SqlConnection(conn);
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand();
cmd.Connection = sqlconn;
cmd.CommandText = "Categoriestest7";
cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
SqlDataAdapter dp = new SqlDataAdapter(cmd);
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
// 填充dataset
dp.Fill(ds);
// 显示结果集1
GridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables[0];
GridView1.DataBind();
// 显示结果集2
GridView2.DataSource = ds.Tables[1];
GridView2.DataBind();

CREATE PROCEDURE Categoriestest7
 AS
 select * from Categories
 select * from Categories
 GO