在ubuntu上编译gcc会到的问题及解决方法

这段时间，我在用软件实现一个3D图形库，因为一些原因，想要使用c++11中的东西。被迫自己编译gcc4.7. 在这个过程中传到了很多的问题，经过不懈的努力终于是成功编译出来了，现在记录一下，算作个备份。

我是在ubuntu11.10上编译的.会到了如下错误

1.configure错误，说没有gmp,什么的。

2. undefined reference to `lexer_line'                               

3. fatal error: bits/predefs.h :File or directory not found     

4. ld can't find crti.o

 

相应的解决如下:

 

 1.  a

pt-get install libgmp10-dev libmpfr-dev libmpc-dev

 

 2.  apt-get install flex bison

 

 3.  4. 在网上下了一个编译脚本，直接运行就行了

 

 

下面是且这个脚本编译的过程:

 

1. 按照上面1和2安装好gmp,等等;

 

2. 到官网上下载代码放在 $HOME/src/gcc-4.7/files/中

3. 下载附件中的脚本，修改PKG_SNAPSHOT_VER和TARGET_SYSTEM_TYPE，然后直接运行即可。

4. 按脚本运行的提示完成最后的工作（比如建立符号链接啊什么的）

 脚本如下:

#!/bin/sh

#     Filename: build_gcc-snapshot.sh
#      Created: 15-Mar-2011
#        RunAs: user or root
# Last Changed: 09-Oct-2011

export LANG=C
export LC_ALL=C

PKG_NAME="gcc"
PKG_VER="4.7"
PKG_SNAPSHOT_VER="4.7-20120128"

BASE_DIR="$HOME/src/${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_VER}"
SRC_DIR="${BASE_DIR}/${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_SNAPSHOT_VER}"
BUILD_DIR="${BASE_DIR}/gcc-build"

DL_DIR="${BASE_DIR}/files"
DL_FILE="${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_SNAPSHOT_VER}.tar.bz2"

PATCHES_DIR="${BASE_DIR}/patches"

BUILD_SYSTEM_TYPE=$(dpkg-architecture -qDEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE)
HOST_SYSTEM_TYPE=$(dpkg-architecture -qDEB_HOST_GNU_TYPE)
TARGET_SYSTEM_TYPE="x86_64-linux-gnu"

HOST_SYSTEM_MULTIARCH_TYPE=$(dpkg-architecture -qDEB_HOST_MULTIARCH)

PREFIX="/opt/${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_VER}"

LIB_DIR="${PREFIX}/lib"
LIB_EXEC_DIR="${PREFIX}/lib"

BUILD_LOG_FILE="${BASE_DIR}/make.log"

GCC_VER_FOR_BUILD="4.6"
CC_FOR_BUILD="gcc-${GCC_VER_FOR_BUILD}"
CXX_FOR_BUILD="g++-${GCC_VER_FOR_BUILD}"
CPP_FOR_BUILD="cpp-${GCC_VER_FOR_BUILD}"
export CC="${CC_FOR_BUILD}" CXX="${CXX_FOR_BUILD}" CPP="${CPP_FOR_BUILD}"
echo "##### CC  ... $CC"
echo "##### CXX ... $CXX"
echo "##### CPP ... $CPP"

MULTIARCH_FLAGS="-B/usr/lib/${HOST_SYSTEM_MULTIARCH_TYPE} -I/usr/include/${HOST_SYSTEM_MULTIARCH_TYPE}"

export CFLAGS="-g -O2"
export CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}"
export CFLAGS_FOR_TARGET="${CFLAGS} ${MULTIARCH_FLAGS}"
export CXXFLAGS_FOR_TARGET="${CXXFLAGS} ${MULTIARCH_FLAGS}"

##LD_PRELOAD_FOR_BUILD="${PREFIX}/lib/libgcc_s.so.1"
##export LD_PRELOAD=${LD_PRELOAD_FOR_BUILD}

MAKE_JOBS="3"
echo "##### MAKE_JOBS ... ${MAKE_JOBS}"

test -e ${BASE_DIR} || mkdir -p ${BASE_DIR}
echo "##### Base directory ... ${BASE_DIR}"

echo "##### Unpacking ${DL_FILE} ..."
tar -xf ${DL_DIR}/${DL_FILE} -C ${BASE_DIR}
echo "##### Finished unpacking."

test -e ${BUILD_DIR} || mkdir -p ${BUILD_DIR}
cd ${BUILD_DIR}
echo "##### Build directory ... $PWD"

# HELP: http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/development/chapter06/gcc.html
# NOTE: apt-get install libgmp10-dev libmpfr-dev libmpc-dev
echo "##### Configuring gcc-build ..."
../${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_SNAPSHOT_VER}/configure \
    --prefix=${PREFIX} \
    --libdir=${LIB_DIR} \
    --libexecdir=${LIB_EXEC_DIR} \
    --program-suffix=-${PKG_VER} \
    --enable-clocale=gnu \
    --enable-languages=c,c++ \
    --enable-shared \
    --enable-threads=posix \
    --disable-bootstrap \
    --disable-libssp \
    --disable-multilib \
    --disable-nls \
    --with-system-zlib \
    --without-cloog \
    --without-ppl \
    --with-arch-32=i586 --with-tune=generic \
    --build=${BUILD_SYSTEM_TYPE} --host=${HOST_SYSTEM_TYPE} --target=${TARGET_SYSTEM_TYPE}
echo "##### Finished configuring."

echo "##### Compiling gcc-build ..."
make FLAGS_FOR_TARGET="${FLAGS_FOR_TARGET} ${MULTIARCH_FLAGS}" -j${MAKE_JOBS} 2>&1 | tee ${BUILD_LOG_FILE}
echo "##### Finished compiling."

echo "NOTE #1: Before installing your shiny new gcc run the gcc-testsuite to check your build is OK!"

echo "NOTE #2: Don't forget to generate symlinks in system's bin directory!"
echo "EXAMPLE: sudo ln -sf ${PREFIX}/bin/${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_VER} /usr/bin/${PKG_NAME}-${PKG_VER}"

echo "NOTE #3: Don't forget to add ${PREFIX}/lib' to /etc/ld.so.conf.d/${TARGET_SYSTEM_TYPE}.conf!"
echo "EXAMPLE: sudo ldconfig -v"

参考资料:

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4262531/trouble-building-gcc-4-6

http://gcc.gnu.org/wiki/InstallingGCC

http://askubuntu.com/questions/69365/cant-build-gcc-anymore-since-upgrade-to-11-10

http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=644986