1. 最基本的读文件方法:
# File: readline-example-1.py file = open ( "sample.txt" ) while 1 : line = file .readline() if not line: break pass # do something |
一行一行得从文件读数据,显然比较慢;不过很省内存。
在我的机器上读10M的sample.txt文件,每秒大约读32000行
2. 用fileinput模块
# File: readline-example-2.py import fileinput for line in fileinput. input ( "sample.txt" ): pass |
写法简单一些,不过测试以后发现每秒只能读13000行数据,效率比上一种方法慢了两倍多……
3. 带缓存的文件读取
# File: readline-example-3.py file = open ( "sample.txt" ) while 1 : lines = file .readlines( 100000 ) if not lines: break for line in lines: pass # do something |
这个方法真的更好吗?事实证明,用同样的数据测试,它每秒可以读96900行数据!效率是第一种方法的3倍,第二种方法的7倍!
在Python 2.2以后,我们可以直接对一个file对象使用for循环读每行数据:
# File: readline-example-5.py file = open ( "sample.txt" ) for line in file : pass # do something |
而在Python 2.1里,你只能用xreadlines迭代器来实现:
# File: readline-example-4.py file = open ( "sample.txt" ) for line in file .xreadlines(): pass # do something |
转自:http://www.cnblogs.com/xuxn/archive/2011/07/27/read-a-file-with-python.html