SAX解析Xml

解析步骤：

1、通过SAXParserFactory的静态newInstance()方法获取SAXParserFactory实例factory

SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();

2、通过SAXParserFactory实例的newSAXParser()方法返回SAXParser实例parser

 SAXParser parser = factory.newSAXParser();

3、创建一个类继承DefaultHandler，重写其中的一些方法进行业务处理并创建这个类的实例handler

 SAXParserHandler handler = new SAXParserHandler();

生成xml步骤：

1、创建一个TransformerFactory类的对象

SAXTransformerFactory tff = (SAXTransfromerFactory)SAXTransformerFactory.newInstance();

2、通过SAXTransformerFactory对象创建一个TransformerHandler对象

TransformerHandler handler = tff.newTransformerHandler();

3、通过handler对象创建一个Transformer对象

Transformer tr = handler.getTransformer();

4、通过Transformer对象生成的xml文件进行设置

//设置xml的编码
tr.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING,"UTF-8");
//设置xml是否换行
tr.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT,"yes");

5、创建一个Result对象,并且使其与handler关联

File file = new File("book1.xml");
if(!file.exists()){
    file.createNewFile();
}
Result result = new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream(file));
handler.setResult(result);

6、利用handler对象进行xml文件内容的编写

需要解析的xml文件book.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<bookstore>
    <book id="1">
        <name>冰与火之歌</name>
        <author>乔治马丁</author>
        <year>2014</year>
        <price>89</price>
    </book>
    <book id="2">
        <name>安徒生童话</name>
        <year>2004</year>
        <price>77</price>
        <language>English</language>
    </book>    
</bookstore>

book.java

package com.imooc.entity;

public class Book {
    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String author;
    private String year;
    private String price;
    private String language;
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }
    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }
    public String getYear() {
        return year;
    }
    public void setYear(String year) {
        this.year = year;
    }
    public String getPrice() {
        return price;
    }
    public void setPrice(String price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
    public String getLanguage() {
        return language;
    }
    public void setLanguage(String language) {
        this.language = language;
    }
    
    
}

SAXParserHandler.java

package com.imooc.handler;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;

import com.imooc.entity.Book;


public class SAXParserHandler extends DefaultHandler {
    String value = null;
    Book book = null;
    private ArrayList<Book> bookList = new ArrayList<Book>();
    public ArrayList<Book> getBookList() {
        return bookList;
    }

    int bookIndex = 0;
    /**
     * 用来标识解析开始
     */
    @Override
    public void startDocument() throws SAXException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.startDocument();
        System.out.println("SAX解析开始");
    }
    
    /**
     * 用来标识解析结束
     */
    @Override
    public void endDocument() throws SAXException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.endDocument();
        System.out.println("SAX解析结束");
    }
    
    /**
     * 解析xml元素
     */
    @Override
    public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName,
            Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
        //调用DefaultHandler类的startElement方法
        super.startElement(uri, localName, qName, attributes);
        if (qName.equals("book")) {
            bookIndex++;
            //创建一个book对象
            book = new Book();
            //开始解析book元素的属性
            System.out.println("======================开始遍历某一本书的内容=================");
//            //已知book元素下属性的名称，根据属性名称获取属性值
//            String value = attributes.getValue("id");
//            System.out.println("book的属性值是：" + value);
            //不知道book元素下属性的名称以及个数，如何获取属性名以及属性值
            int num = attributes.getLength();
            for(int i = 0; i < num; i++){
                System.out.print("book元素的第" + (i + 1) +  "个属性名是："
                        + attributes.getQName(i));
                System.out.println("---属性值是：" + attributes.getValue(i));
                if (attributes.getQName(i).equals("id")) {
                    book.setId(attributes.getValue(i));
                }
            }
        }
        else if (!qName.equals("name") && !qName.equals("bookstore")) {
            System.out.print("节点名是：" + qName + "---");
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
            throws SAXException {
        //调用DefaultHandler类的endElement方法
        super.endElement(uri, localName, qName);
        //判断是否针对一本书已经遍历结束
        if (qName.equals("book")) {
            bookList.add(book);
            book = null;
            System.out.println("======================结束遍历某一本书的内容=================");
        }
        else if (qName.equals("name")) {
            book.setName(value);
        }
        else if (qName.equals("author")) {
            book.setAuthor(value);
        }
        else if (qName.equals("year")) {
            book.setYear(value);
        }
        else if (qName.equals("price")) {
            book.setPrice(value);
        }
        else if (qName.equals("language")) {
            book.setLanguage(value);
        }
    }
    
    
    @Override
    public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
            throws SAXException {
        super.characters(ch, start, length);
        value = new String(ch, start, length);
        if (!value.trim().equals("")) {
            System.out.println("节点值是：" + value);
        }
    }
}

SAXText.java

package com.imooc.test;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;

import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.SAXParseException;

import com.imooc.entity.Book;
import com.imooc.handler.SAXParserHandler;

public class SAXTest {

    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //获取一个SAXParserFactory实例
        SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
        //通过factory获取SAXParser实例
        try {
            SAXParser parser = factory.newSAXParser();
            //创建SAXParserHandler对象
            SAXParserHandler handler = new SAXParserHandler();
            parser.parse("books.xml", handler);
            System.out.println("~！~！~！共有" + handler.getBookList().size()
                    + "本书");
            for (Book book : handler.getBookList()) {
                System.out.println(book.getId());
                System.out.println(book.getName());
                System.out.println(book.getAuthor());
                System.out.println(book.getYear());
                System.out.println(book.getPrice());
                System.out.println(book.getLanguage());
                System.out.println("----finish----");
            }
        } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SAXException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}