django的url匹配

学习网站：官方

以下是个人摘录：

1.基本匹配

urlpatterns = patterns('',
    url(r'^articles/2003/$', 'news.views.special_case_2003'),
    url(r'^articles/(d{4})/$', 'news.views.year_archive'),
    url(r'^articles/(d{4})/(d{2})/$', 'news.views.month_archive'),
    url(r'^articles/(d{4})/(d{2})/(d+)/$', 'news.views.article_detail'),
)

  /articles/2005/03/ 这个匹配第三个url，即news.views.mouth_archive(2005, 03)

/articles/2003/03/03/ 匹配第4个，即 news.views.article_detail(request, '2003', '03', '03').

2.关键字匹配

urlpatterns = patterns('',
    url(r'^articles/2003/$', 'news.views.special_case_2003'),
    url(r'^articles/(?P<year>d{4})/$', 'news.views.year_archive'),
    url(r'^articles/(?P<year>d{4})/(?P<month>d{2})/$', 'news.views.month_archive'),
    url(r'^articles/(?P<year>d{4})/(?P<month>d{2})/(?P<day>d{2})/$', 'news.views.article_detail'),
)

 /articles/2005/03/ 即news.views.month_archive(request, year='2005', month='03'),代替了news.views.month_archive(request, '2005', '03').

这里是不是可以把url各个参数都获取出来呢？当然

3.默认值匹配

urlpatterns = patterns('',
    url(r'^blog/$', 'blog.views.page'),
    url(r'^blog/page(?P<num>d+)/$', 'blog.views.page'),
)

# View (in blog/views.py)
def page(request, num="1"):
    # Output the appropriate page of blog entries, according to num.
    ...

 如果是第一个匹配到了，那么num会默认为1

4.模型

假如：

urlpatterns = patterns('',
    url(r'^articles/(d{4})/$', 'news.views.year_archive'),
    url(r'^articles/(d{4})/(d{2})/$', 'news.views.month_archive'),
    url(r'^articles/(d{4})/(d{2})/(d+)/$', 'news.views.article_detail'),
)

 则可代替为：

urlpatterns = patterns('news.views',
    url(r'^articles/(d{4})/$', 'year_archive'),
    url(r'^articles/(d{4})/(d{2})/$', 'month_archive'),
    url(r'^articles/(d{4})/(d{2})/(d+)/$', 'article_detail'),
)

 注意patterns第一个参数变化

5.多模型

假如：

urlpatterns = patterns('',
    url(r'^$', 'myapp.views.app_index'),
    url(r'^(?P<year>d{4})/(?P<month>[a-z]{3})/$', 'myapp.views.month_display'),
    url(r'^tag/(?P<tag>w+)/$', 'weblog.views.tag'),
)

 则可代替为：

urlpatterns = patterns('myapp.views',
    url(r'^$', 'app_index'),
    url(r'^(?P<year>d{4})/(?P<month>[a-z]{3})/$','month_display'),
)

urlpatterns += patterns('weblog.views',
    url(r'^tag/(?P<tag>w+)/$', 'tag'),
)

 6.include

urlpatterns = patterns('',
    # ... snip ...
    url(r'^comments/', include('django.contrib.comments.urls')),
    url(r'^community/', include('django_website.aggregator.urls')),
    url(r'^contact/', include('django_website.contact.urls')),
    # ... snip ...
)

 下面这个用法也可以：

extra_patterns = patterns('',
    url(r'^reports/(?P<id>d+)/$', 'credit.views.report'),
    url(r'^charge/$', 'credit.views.charge'),
)

urlpatterns = patterns('',
    url(r'^$', 'apps.main.views.homepage'),
    url(r'^help/', include('apps.help.urls')),
    url(r'^credit/', include(extra_patterns)),
)

 下面这个是不是很复杂？

urlpatterns = patterns('wiki.views',
    url(r'^(?P<page_slug>w+)-(?P<page_id>w+)/history/$', 'history'),
    url(r'^(?P<page_slug>w+)-(?P<page_id>w+)/edit/$', 'edit'),
    url(r'^(?P<page_slug>w+)-(?P<page_id>w+)/discuss/$', 'discuss'),
    url(r'^(?P<page_slug>w+)-(?P<page_id>w+)/permissions/$', 'permissions'),
)

 在替换下吧：

urlpatterns = patterns('',
    url(r'^(?P<page_slug>w+)-(?P<page_id>w+)/', include(patterns('wiki.views',
        url(r'^history/$', 'history'),
        url(r'^edit/$', 'edit'),
        url(r'^discuss/$', 'discuss'),
        url(r'^permissions/$', 'permissions'),
    ))),
)

 7.额外参数

urlpatterns = patterns('blog.views',
    url(r'^blog/(?P<year>d{4})/$', 'year_archive', {'foo': 'bar'}),
)

 /blog/2005/，即blog.views.year_archive(request, year='2005', foo='bar').