梦织未来Windows驱动编程 第03课 驱动的编程规范

最近根据梦织未来论坛的驱动教程学习了一下Windows下的驱动编程，做个笔记备忘。这是第03课《驱动的编程规范》。

驱动部分包括基本的驱动卸载函数、驱动打开关闭读取写入操作最简单的分发例程。代码如下：

//CreateDevice.c
//2016.07.14

#include "ntddk.h"

//驱动卸载函数Self
VOID MyDriverUnload(PDRIVER_OBJECT pDriverObject)
{ 
    UNICODE_STRING usSymName;
    RtlInitUnicodeString(&usSymName, L"\??\FirstDevice");
    
    //先删除符号链接，后删除设备对象
    if (pDriverObject->DeviceObject != NULL)
    {
        IoDeleteSymbolicLink(&usSymName);                //删除符号链接
        IoDeleteDevice(pDriverObject->DeviceObject);    //删除设备对象
        KdPrint(("Delete Device Sucess."));
    }
}

//创建设备函数Self
NTSTATUS CreateDevice(PDRIVER_OBJECT pDriverObject)
{
    NTSTATUS Status;
    UNICODE_STRING usDevName;
    UNICODE_STRING usSymName;
    PDEVICE_OBJECT pDevObj;        //设备对象，用于指向创建的设备
    
    //DDK API    为UNICODE_STRING赋值的函数
    RtlInitUnicodeString(&usDevName, L"\Device\FirstDevice");
    
    //创建设备函数API    创建设备"\Device\FirstDevice"
    //设备创建后，会返回给pDevObj，同时给pDriverObject->DeviceObject赋值
    //The IoCreateDevice routine creates a device object for use by a driver.
    /*
        NTSTATUS IoCreateDevice(
        _In_     PDRIVER_OBJECT  DriverObject,
        _In_     ULONG           DeviceExtensionSize,
        _In_opt_ PUNICODE_STRING DeviceName,
        _In_     DEVICE_TYPE     DeviceType,
        _In_     ULONG           DeviceCharacteristics,
        _In_     BOOLEAN         Exclusive,
        _Out_    PDEVICE_OBJECT  *DeviceObject
        );
    */
    Status = IoCreateDevice(pDriverObject,         
                            0, 
                            &usDevName, 
                            FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN, 
                            FILE_DEVICE_SECURE_OPEN, 
                            TRUE, 
                            &pDevObj);
    if (!NT_SUCCESS(Status))    //检查返回值
    {
        return Status;
    }
    
    //DO_BUFFERED_IO or DO_DIRECT_IO 
    //Specifies the type of buffering that is used by the I/O manager for I/O requests that are sent to the device stack. 
    //Higher-level drivers OR this member with the same value as the next-lower driver in the stack, except possibly for highest-level drivers.
    pDevObj->Flags |= DO_BUFFERED_IO;
    
    RtlInitUnicodeString(&usSymName, L"\??\FirstDevice");
    
    //The IoCreateSymbolicLink routine sets up a symbolic link between a device object name and a user-visible name for the device.
    /*
        NTSTATUS IoCreateSymbolicLink(
        _In_ PUNICODE_STRING SymbolicLinkName,
        _In_ PUNICODE_STRING DeviceName
        );
    */
    Status = IoCreateSymbolicLink(&usSymName, &usDevName);    //DDK API    创建符号链接
    if (!NT_SUCCESS(Status))
    {
        IoDeleteDevice(pDevObj);    //删除设备对象
        return Status;
    }
    
    return STATUS_SUCCESS; 
}

//打开设备的函数
NTSTATUS CreateCompleteRoutine(PDRIVER_OBJECT pDriverObject, PIRP pIrp)
{
    NTSTATUS Status;
    
    Status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
    
    KdPrint(("Create"));
    
    //A driver sets an IRP's I/O status block to indicate the final status of an I/O request, before calling IoCompleteRequest for the IRP.
    
    //This is the completion status, either STATUS_SUCCESS if the requested operation was completed successfully or an informational, warning, or error STATUS_ XXX value.
    //For more information, see Using NTSTATUS values.
    pIrp->IoStatus.Status = Status;
    //This is the completion status, either STATUS_SUCCESS if the requested operation was completed successfully or an informational, warning, or error STATUS_ XXX value. 
    //For more information, see Using NTSTATUS values.
    pIrp->IoStatus.Information = 0;
    
    //The IoCompleteRequest routine indicates that the caller has completed all processing for a given I/O request and is returning the given IRP to the I/O manager.
    //IO_NO_INCREMENT 不再往下层传递
    IoCompleteRequest(pIrp, IO_NO_INCREMENT);
    return Status;
}

//关闭设备的函数
NTSTATUS CloseCompleteRoutine(PDRIVER_OBJECT pDriverObject, PIRP pIrp)
{
    NTSTATUS Status;

    Status = STATUS_SUCCESS;

    KdPrint(("Close"));

    pIrp->IoStatus.Status = Status;
    pIrp->IoStatus.Information = 0;

    IoCompleteRequest(pIrp, IO_NO_INCREMENT);
    return Status;
}

//读取设备的函数
NTSTATUS ReadCompleteRoutine(PDRIVER_OBJECT pDriverObject, PIRP pIrp)
{
    NTSTATUS Status;

    Status = STATUS_SUCCESS;

    KdPrint(("Read"));

    pIrp->IoStatus.Status = Status;
    pIrp->IoStatus.Information = 0;

    IoCompleteRequest(pIrp, IO_NO_INCREMENT);
    return Status;
}

//写入设备的函数
NTSTATUS WriteCompleteRoutine(PDRIVER_OBJECT pDriverObject, PIRP pIrp)
{
    NTSTATUS Status;

    Status = STATUS_SUCCESS;

    KdPrint(("Write"));

    pIrp->IoStatus.Status = Status;
    pIrp->IoStatus.Information = 0;

    IoCompleteRequest(pIrp, IO_NO_INCREMENT);
    return Status;
}

//驱动程序入口函数
NTSTATUS DriverEntry(PDRIVER_OBJECT pDriverObject, PUNICODE_STRING pRegistryPath)
{
    //输出信息
    //DbgPrint("1111");

    
    NTSTATUS Status;
    Status = CreateDevice(pDriverObject);    //创建设备对象和符号链接
    if (!NT_SUCCESS(Status))
    {
        KdPrint(("Create Device Failed."));
    } else {
        KdPrint(("Create Device Sucess."));
        KdPrint(("%wZ", pRegistryPath));
    }
        
    //打开关闭读取写入的分发例程赋值
    pDriverObject->MajorFunction[IRP_MJ_CREATE] = (PDRIVER_DISPATCH)CreateCompleteRoutine;    //打开设备
    pDriverObject->MajorFunction[IRP_MJ_CLOSE]    = (PDRIVER_DISPATCH)CloseCompleteRoutine;    //关闭设备
    pDriverObject->MajorFunction[IRP_MJ_READ]    = (PDRIVER_DISPATCH)ReadCompleteRoutine;    //读取设备
    pDriverObject->MajorFunction[IRP_MJ_WRITE]    = (PDRIVER_DISPATCH)WriteCompleteRoutine;    //写入设备
    
    //驱动卸载函数赋值
    pDriverObject->DriverUnload = MyDriverUnload;

    return STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

应用层采用了MFC创建了一个窗口，窗口有三个按钮:Create、Read、Write。界面如下：

其中Create按钮的处理函数如下：

void CCheckMyDriverDlg::OnCreateButton()
{
    // TODO: 在此添加控件通知处理程序代码
    HANDLE hFile = CreateFileW(L"\\.\FirstDevice", 
                FILE_ALL_ACCESS, 
                0, 
                NULL,
                OPEN_EXISTING,
                FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
                NULL);
    if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
    {
        AfxMessageBox (L"Open Device Failed.");
        return;
    }

    CloseHandle (hFile);
}

Read按钮的处理函数如下：

void CCheckMyDriverDlg::OnReadButton()
{
    // TODO: 在此添加控件通知处理程序代码
    HANDLE hFile = CreateFileW(L"\\.\FirstDevice", 
        FILE_ALL_ACCESS, 
        0, 
        NULL,
        OPEN_EXISTING,
        FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
        NULL);
    if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
    {
        AfxMessageBox (L"Open Device Failed.");
        return;
    }

    wchar_t Buffer[MAX_PATH] = {0};
    DWORD len = 0;
    if (!ReadFile (hFile, Buffer, MAX_PATH-1, &len, NULL))
    {
        AfxMessageBox (L"Read Device Failed.");
        return;
    }

    CloseHandle (hFile);

}

Write按钮的处理函数如下：

void CCheckMyDriverDlg::OnWriteButton()
{
    // TODO: 在此添加控件通知处理程序代码
    HANDLE hFile = CreateFileW(L"\\.\FirstDevice", 
        FILE_ALL_ACCESS, 
        0, 
        NULL,
        OPEN_EXISTING,
        FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
        NULL);
    if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
    {
        AfxMessageBox (L"Open Device Failed.");
        return;
    }

    wchar_t Buffer[MAX_PATH] = L"What The Fuck, Man ?";
    DWORD len;
    if (!WriteFile (hFile, Buffer, MAX_PATH, &len, NULL))
    {
        AfxMessageBox (L"Write Device Failed.");
        return;
    }

    CloseHandle (hFile);

}

 以下为操作部分：

将生成的FirstDevice.sys文件复制到XP虚拟机下，使用驱动加载工具InstDrv安装并启动驱动后，在Dbgview工具内有如下输出信息：

并能够找到相应注册表，使用WinObj工具查看设备对象\Device\FirstDevice：

然后查看符号链接\??\FirstDevice：

使用InstDrv停止此驱动时输出：

 

 期间并未出现蓝屏问题

安装驱动程序后，使用上面写的MFC程序CheckMyDriver.exe，点击Create按钮后，输出

点击Read按钮后，输出：

点击Write按钮后，输出：

 

 以上操作均为出现蓝屏。本课结束。

由于本人刚开始学习驱动程序，实力有限，可能对于某些地方的理解并不正确，希望大家能提出意见建议，共同学习，共同进步。

最后谢谢大家的支持。

2016-07-14 14:58:13