08-个人中心功能开发

一、个人中心功能开发

1、DRF的API文档自动生成和功能详解

　　在路由中配置DRF的API文档（http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs/），一访问出现报错：说AutoSchema对象没有get_link属性，一查资料，DRF没有设置默认的DEFAULT_SCHEMA_CLASS，因此添加到REST_FRAMEWORK设置

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
    'DEFAULT_SCHEMA_CLASS': 'rest_framework.schemas.AutoSchema'
}

 这里面我们需要维护这个文档，让前端人员更能够利用接口文档来和前端联调。文档中的说明由help_text来说明。

2、动态设置serializer和permission获取用户信息

 users/views.py:

from django.contrib.auth.backends import ModelBackend
from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
from django.db.models import Q
from rest_framework import mixins
from rest_framework.mixins import CreateModelMixin
from rest_framework import viewsets
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework import permissions
from rest_framework import authentication
from random import choice
from rest_framework_jwt.serializers import jwt_encode_handler,jwt_payload_handler#这两步是生成token关键源码
from rest_framework_jwt.authentication import JSONWebTokenAuthentication

from utils.yunpian import YunPian
from MxShop.settings import APIKEY
from .serializers import SmsSerializer,UserRegisterSerializer,UserDetailSerializer
from .models import VerifyCode

User = get_user_model()


class UserViewset(CreateModelMixin,mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,viewsets.GenericViewSet):
    """
    用户
    """
    serializer_class = UserRegisterSerializer
    queryset = User.objects.all()
    authentication_classes = (authentication.SessionAuthentication,JSONWebTokenAuthentication)
    # permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticated,)

    def get_serializer_class(self):  #动态的加载序列化器
        if self.action == "retrive":
            return UserDetailSerializer
        elif self.action == "create":
            return UserRegisterSerializer
        return UserDetailSerializer
    def get_permissions(self):          #动态加载权限验证（看源码然后重载这个方法）
        if self.action == "retrive":
            return [permissions.IsAuthenticated()]
        elif self.action == "create":
            return []
        return []

    def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        user = self.perform_create(serializer)
        # token返回的时候，是返回serializer.data,因此要放在data里边
        re_dict = serializer.data
        payload = jwt_payload_handler(user)
        #要和前端保持一致，前端也叫token
        re_dict["token"] = jwt_encode_handler(payload)
        re_dict["name"] = user.name if user.name else user.username

        headers = self.get_success_headers(serializer.data)
        return Response(re_dict, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED, headers=headers)

    def get_object(self):
        return self.request.user

    #重载上面create中的perform_create方法
    def perform_create(self, serializer):
        return serializer.save()

序列化器(users.serializers.py)中的UserDetailSeralizer的代码：

class UserDetailSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    """
    用户详情化序列化类
    """
    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ("name","birthday","gender","email","mobile")

经DRF文档调试，能提供前端接口，因此我们需要与vue联调。

 

3、vue和用户接口信息联调

前端vue信息调试好，一刷新，就可以看到刚才后端返回的json数据映射到前端来了。

 

4、用户个人信息修改

用户个人修改，mixins提供了一个接口UpdateModelMixin类用于更新(put,patch)数据。当用户视图类继承了UpdateModelMixin就可以进行更新操作，我们来到DRF文档操作。

class UserViewset(CreateModelMixin,mixins.UpdateModelMixin,mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,viewsets.GenericViewSet):
    """
    用户
    """
    ...

 然后来到vue中联调。

 

5、用户收藏功能

用户收藏功能，返回的是goods的id与收藏的id，我们需要的是返回goods的详情页，因此我们到收藏视图类中新添加序列化器：

from goods.serializers import GoodsSerializer

class UserFavDetailSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    goods = GoodsSerializer()
    class Meta:
        model = UserFav
        fields = ("goods","id")

序列化器编写完成之后，我们需要到视图类中动态调用序列化器，因此需要重写GenericAPIView中的get_serializer_class方法。

class UserFavViewset(mixins.CreateModelMixin,mixins.ListModelMixin,mixins.DestroyModelMixin,viewsets.GenericViewSet):
    """
    list:
        获取用户收藏列表
    retrieve:
        判断某个商品是否收藏
    create:
        收藏商品
    """
    # queryset = UserFav.objects.all()
    #配置之后，必须登录才能获取相关操作
    permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated,IsOwnerOrReadOnly)
    authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication,SessionAuthentication)
    serializer_class = UserFavSerializer
    lookup_field = "goods_id" #直接可以看商品id查询收藏的，就不用来找收藏的id啦
    #我们只能获取当前用户的UserFav，因此我们要重载get_queryset方法
    def get_queryset(self):
        return UserFav.objects.filter(user=self.request.user)


    def get_serializer_class(self):
        if self.action == "list":
            return UserFavDetailSerializer
        elif self.action == "create":
            return UserFavSerializer
        return UserFavSerializer

然后到浏览器中，查看是否返回

 查看成功，然后删除收藏调试功能是否健全：

 

 数据就变成了三条啦，收藏功能完成。

6、用户留言功能

user_operation/views.py：

class LeavingMessageViewset(mixins.ListModelMixin,mixins.DestroyModelMixin,mixins.CreateModelMixin,
                            viewsets.GenericViewSet):
    """
    list:
        获取用户留言
    create:
        添加留言
    delete：
        删除留言
    """
    permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated, IsOwnerOrReadOnly)
    authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication, SessionAuthentication)
    serializer_class = LeavingMessageSerializer
    def get_queryset(self):
        return UserLeavingMessage.objects.filter(user=self.request.user)

user_operation/serializers.py:

from rest_framework import serializers
from rest_framework.validators import UniqueTogetherValidator

from .models import UserFav,UserLeavingMessage
from goods.serializers import GoodsSerializer


class LeavingMessageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    user = serializers.HiddenField(
        default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault()
    )
    add_time = serializers.DateTimeField(read_only=True,format="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")#只可以看见不能修改
    class Meta:
        model = UserLeavingMessage
        fields = ("user", "message_type", "subject","message","file","id","add_time")

路由配置：

#留言
router.register(r"messages",LeavingMessageViewset,base_name="messages")

 

 经测试，添加删除都没有问题，前端都将路由配置好了的。

7、用户收货地址列表页接口开发

viewsets.ModelViewSet将所有的mixins以及GenericViewset继承，为了方便直接继承它。user_operation/views.py：

class AddressViewset(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    收货地址管理
    list:
        获取收货地址
    create:
        添加收货地址
    update:
        更新收货地址
    delete:
        删除收货地址
    """
    permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated, IsOwnerOrReadOnly)
    authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication, SessionAuthentication)
    serializer_class = AddressSerializer

    def get_queryset(self):
        return UserAddress.objects.filter(user=self.request.user)

user_operation/serializers.py:

class AddressSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    user = serializers.HiddenField(
        default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault()
    )
    add_time = serializers.DateTimeField(read_only=True, format="%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")

    class Meta:
        model = UserAddress
        fields = ("user", "province", "city", "district", "address",
                  "id", "add_time","signer_name","signer_mobile")

配置路由：

from user_operation.views import AddressViewset

router = DefaultRouter()


#收货地址
router.register(r"address",AddressViewset,base_name="address")

DRF文档测试：

 

测试成功后，vue和收货地址接口联调结果：

 

 这样地址的信息就没有啦，测试添加也是成功的，因此个人中心开发完毕。