源码版本:H版
一、前奏
nova api本身作为一个WSGI服务器,对外提供HTTP请求服务,对内调用nova的其他模块响应相应的HTTP请求。分为两大部分,一是服务器本身的启动与运行,一是加载的app,这个用来处理请求。
目录结构如下:
首先,nova api是作为一个WSGI服务,肯定要查看它的启动过程,查看启动脚本/etc/init.d/openstack-nova-api(使用service命令实际在调用/etc/init.d文件夹下的脚本文件)。在/etc/init.d/openstack-nova-api文件中,start选项代表调用脚本/usr/bin/nova-api,如下:
/usr/bin/nova-api
import sys from nova.cmd.api import main if __name__ == "__main__": sys.exit(main())
接着,分析如下:
/nova/cmd/api.py (文件位置为/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages,此处及下面均省略)
def main(): config.parse_args(sys.argv) logging.setup("nova") utils.monkey_patch() launcher = service.process_launcher() for api in CONF.enabled_apis: should_use_ssl = api in CONF.enabled_ssl_apis if api == 'ec2': """为了与ec2兼容""" server = service.WSGIService(api, use_ssl=should_use_ssl, max_url_len=16384) else: server = service.WSGIService(api, use_ssl=should_use_ssl) 【1】 launcher.launch_service(server, workers=server.workers or 1)【2】 """当前进程处于等待状态""" launcher.wait()
二、分析【1】处:主要是WSGIService对象的创建
/nova/service.py
WSGIService类: def __init__(self, name, loader=None, use_ssl=False, max_url_len=None): self.name = name self.manager = self._get_manager() self.loader = loader or wsgi.Loader() self.app = self.loader.load_app(name) self.host = getattr(CONF, '%s_listen' % name, "0.0.0.0") self.port = getattr(CONF, '%s_listen_port' % name, 0) self.workers = getattr(CONF, '%s_workers' % name, None) self.use_ssl = use_ssl """封装了wsgi.py中的server""" self.server = wsgi.Server(name, self.app, host=self.host, port=self.port, use_ssl=self.use_ssl, max_url_len=max_url_len) # Pull back actual port used self.port = self.server.port self.backdoor_port = None
/nova/wsgi.py
Loader类: def __init__(self, config_path=None): """试图寻找api-paste.ini配置文件""" self.config_path = None config_path = config_path or CONF.api_paste_config if not os.path.isabs(config_path): self.config_path = CONF.find_file(config_path) elif os.path.exists(config_path): self.config_path = config_path if not self.config_path: raise exception.ConfigNotFound(path=config_path) def load_app(self, name): try: LOG.debug("Loading app %(name)s from %(path)s", {'name': name, 'path': self.config_path}) return deploy.loadapp("config:%s" % self.config_path, name=name) except LookupError as err: LOG.error(err) raise exception.PasteAppNotFound(name=name, path=self.config_path)
(此处关于app的具体加载过程见后文。)
三、分析【2】处:主要是WSGIService的启动
/nova/openstack/common/service.py
ProcessLauncher类: def launch_service(self, service, workers=1): wrap = ServiceWrapper(service, workers) LOG.info(_('Starting %d workers'), wrap.workers) """循环启动workers数目的子进程""" while self.running and len(wrap.children) < wrap.workers: self._start_child(wrap) def _start_child(self, wrap): ... """创建子进程""" pid = os.fork() if pid == 0: status = 0 try: """子进程进行处理""" self._child_process(wrap.service) except SignalExit as exc: signame = {signal.SIGTERM: 'SIGTERM', signal.SIGINT: 'SIGINT'}[exc.signo] LOG.info(_('Caught %s, exiting'), signame) status = exc.code except SystemExit as exc: status = exc.code except BaseException: LOG.exception(_('Unhandled exception')) status = 2 finally: """出现异常停掉服务""" wrap.service.stop() """子进程退出""" os._exit(status) LOG.info(_('Started child %d'), pid) wrap.children.add(pid) self.children[pid] = wrap return pid def _child_process(self, service): ... launcher = Launcher() launcher.run_service(service)
/nova/openstack/common/service.py
Launcher类: def __init__(self): self._services = threadgroup.ThreadGroup() self.backdoor_port = eventlet_backdoor.initialize_if_enabled() @staticmethod def run_service(service): service.start() service.wait()
由于这里的service是WSGIService对象,如下:
/nova/service.py
WSGIService类: def start(self):
if self.manager: self.manager.init_host() self.manager.pre_start_hook() if self.backdoor_port is not None: self.manager.backdoor_port = self.backdoor_port self.server.start() if self.manager: self.manager.post_start_hook() def wait(self): self.server.wait()
/nova/wsgi.py
Server类: def start(self): ... wsgi_kwargs = { 'func': eventlet.wsgi.server, 'sock': self._socket, 'site': self.app, 'protocol': self._protocol, 'custom_pool': self._pool, 'log': self._wsgi_logger, 'log_format': CONF.wsgi_log_format } if self._max_url_len: wsgi_kwargs['url_length_limit'] = self._max_url_len """创建一个green thread,运行func函数,在其中传入后面的参数。此处为调用eventlet.wsgi.server函数,传入sock=self._socket等参数到server函数中。其中eventlet.wsgi.server函数负责启动一个wsgi服务器程序接受客户端发来的请求,
可以参考:http://eventlet.net/doc/modules/wsgi.html?highlight=wsgi.server#eventlet.wsgi.server""" self._server = eventlet.spawn(**wsgi_kwargs) def wait(self): try: """green thread阻塞等待""" self._server.wait() except greenlet.GreenletExit: LOG.info(_("WSGI server has stopped."))
总结:
我们可以通过pstree命令查看系统中进程的子进程数,发现nova-api进程中有一个主进程,其子进程数目为一个ec2,一个metadata,有workers数目的osapi_compute(其中workers可以通过/etc/nova/nova.conf中osapi_compute_workers选项设置)。然后通过ps –Lf查看每个进程的线程数目,发现其均为单线程。由此可以看出,整个server的创建和启动过程就是,主进程产生若干的子进程,子进程使用green thread启动wsgi server并等待服务。
参考文档:
http://www.choudan.net/2013/12/09/OpenStack-WSGI-APP%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0.html
http://developer.openstack.org/api-ref-compute-v2.html(nova的API文档)