linux系统中批量提取指定行的数据

1、测试数据

[root@centos79 test]# cat a.txt
01 3 4
02 f s
03 t 3
04 s d
05 g i
06 y e
07 a w
08 d g
09 e w
10 n u
11 7 8
12 3 s
13 a d
14 g e
15 w a
16 z v
17 n m
18 k p

2、提取 3,5,7,8,9,15,17行

使用sed

[root@centos79 test]# ls
a.txt  lines
[root@centos79 test]# cat lines
3
5
7
8
9
15
17
[root@centos79 test]# cat a.txt
01 3 4
02 f s
03 t 3
04 s d
05 g i
06 y e
07 a w
08 d g
09 e w
10 n u
11 7 8
12 3 s
13 a d
14 g e
15 w a
16 z v
17 n m
18 k p
[root@centos79 test]# for i in `cat lines`; do sed -n "$i"p a.txt >> result; done
[root@centos79 test]# ls
a.txt  lines  result
[root@centos79 test]# cat result
03 t 3
05 g i
07 a w
08 d g
09 e w
15 w a
17 n m

使用awk

[root@centos79 test]# ls
a.txt  lines
[root@centos79 test]# cat a.txt
01 3 4
02 f s
03 t 3
04 s d
05 g i
06 y e
07 a w
08 d g
09 e w
10 n u
11 7 8
12 3 s
13 a d
14 g e
15 w a
16 z v
17 n m
18 k p
[root@centos79 test]# cat lines
3
5
7
8
9
15
17
[root@centos79 test]# for i in $(cat lines ); do awk -v a=$i 'NR == a' a.txt >> result; done
[root@centos79 test]# cat result
03 t 3
05 g i
07 a w
08 d g
09 e w
15 w a
17 n m

使用while语句：

[root@centos79 test]# ls
a.txt  lines
[root@centos79 test]# cat a.txt
01 3 4
02 f s
03 t 3
04 s d
05 g i
06 y e
07 a w
08 d g
09 e w
10 n u
11 7 8
12 3 s
13 a d
14 g e
15 w a
16 z v
17 n m
18 k p
[root@centos79 test]# cat lines
3
5
7
8
9
15
17
[root@centos79 test]# cat lines | while read i; do sed -n "$i"p a.txt >> result; done
[root@centos79 test]# cat result
03 t 3
05 g i
07 a w
08 d g
09 e w
15 w a
17 n m

while + awk

[root@centos79 test]# ls
a.txt  lines
[root@centos79 test]# cat a.txt
01 3 4
02 f s
03 t 3
04 s d
05 g i
06 y e
07 a w
08 d g
09 e w
10 n u
11 7 8
12 3 s
13 a d
14 g e
15 w a
16 z v
17 n m
18 k p
[root@centos79 test]# cat lines
3
5
7
8
9
15
17
[root@centos79 test]# cat lines | while read i; do awk -v a=$i 'NR == a' a.txt >> result; done
[root@centos79 test]# cat result
03 t 3
05 g i
07 a w
08 d g
09 e w
15 w a
17 n m