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Struts2(十二)使用验证框架验证数据较验

一、数据验证

1.1、为什么要进行数据验证

对数据的合法性进行检查，只允许合法的数据进入应用程序

1.2、在哪里实现数据验证

客户端验证：

数据提交前在客户端验证

可使用JavaScript或者JQuery实现

特点：减少客户等待时间，减小服务器压力

服务器端验证：

在数据提交后服务器端验证

特点：防止“绕过”客户端验证提交非法数据

　　　可以在服务器端处理数据前确保数据的合法性

1.3、Struts2有两种方式实现服务器端数据验证

使用ActionSupport编码实现验证
使用验证框架实现验证

二、使用ActionSupport实现验证

在Action类的业务方法中直接验证
重写Validate()方法
使用validateXxx()方法

2.1、添加错误信息

addFieldError(String fieldName,String errorMessage),添加字段的错误信息

addActionError(String anErrorMessage)，添加与Action所处理业务相关的错误信息

2.2、在页面输出验证结果

<s:fielderror/>输出一个或者所胡字段的错误信息
<s:actionerror/>输出所有Action的错误信息

2.3、action的配置

<result name="input">xxx.jsp</result>

三、ActionSupport验证简单实现

3.1、业务方法中较验

实体类

package com.pb.entity;
/*
 * 用户类
 */
public class User {
    private String username;    //用户名
    private String password;    //密码
    private Integer age;        //年龄
    private String email;        //邮箱
    
    
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }
    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

}

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<%
    String path = request.getContextPath();
    String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
            + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
            + path + "/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>注册页面</title>
</head>
<body>

<!--  判断字段是否有错误信息-->
<s:if test="hasFieldErrors()">
<h1 align="center">输出错误字段信息</h1>
<div align="center" style="color:blue;">
使用s:fielderror输出一个指定的错误信息
<s:fielderror name="user.username" />
使用s:fielderror输出全部的错误信息
<s:fielderror />
</div>
</s:if>
<!-- 判断action是否有错误 -->
<s:if test="hasActionErrors()">
<h1 align="center">输出错误Action信息</h1>
<div  align="center" style="color:gray;">
使用s:actionerror输出action相关的错误信息
<s:actionerror/>
</div>
</s:if>
<h1>使用execute业务方法直接较验</h1>
<s:form action="register.action" method="post" >
<s:textfield label="用户名"  name="user.username"/>
<s:password  label="密码" name="user.password"/>
<s:textfield label="年龄" name="user.age" />
<s:textfield  label="邮箱" name="user.email"/>
<s:submit  value="提交" /><s:reset value="重置" /><br/>
</s:form>
<s:debug/>
</body>
</html>

UserAction

package com.pb.web.action;

import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.pb.entity.User;


public class UserAction extends ActionSupport {
    private User user;

    @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {
        if(null==user.getUsername() || "".equals(user.getUsername())){
            this.addFieldError("user.username", "用户名不能为空!");
        }
        if(null==user.getPassword() || "".equals(user.getPassword())){
            this.addFieldError("user.password", "密码不能为空!");
        }
        String ageStr="^\d{1,3}$";
        Pattern ageReg=Pattern.compile(ageStr);
        Matcher ageMatcher=ageReg.matcher(user.getAge()+"");
        if(!ageMatcher.matches()){
            this.addFieldError("user.age", "年龄只能是数字,并只能为1-200之间!");
        }
        if(null==user.getAge()){
            this.addFieldError("user.age", "年龄不能为空!");
        }
    
        String emaString="^\w+@\w+(.\w{2,3}){1,2}$";
        Pattern emailReg=Pattern.compile(emaString);
        Matcher emailMatcher=emailReg.matcher(user.getEmail());
        if(!emailMatcher.matches()){
            this.addFieldError("user.email", "邮箱格式不正确");
        }
        if(this.hasErrors()){
            this.addActionError("输入的注册信息有误");
            return INPUT;
        }
        return SUCCESS;
    }

    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }
    
    

}

struts.xml

<struts>
    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />
    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
    <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
    <action name="register" class="com.pb.web.action.UserAction">
    <result name="input">/register.jsp</result>
    <result name="success">/registerSuccess.jsp</result>
    </action>    
    </package>
</struts>

四、在Validate()方法中实现验证

重写ActionSupport类的validate()方法
在validate()方法中实现验证
将数据验证和业务处理分离
添加与显示错误信息的方式不变

接收参数时，数据转换失败也会调用validate()方法

validate()方法验证不通过不会执行业务方法

4.1、更改之前实现validate()验证

package com.pb.web.action;

import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.pb.entity.User;


public class UserAction1 extends ActionSupport {
    private User user;

    @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("=========完成注册信息======");
        if(this.hasErrors()){
            this.addActionError("输入的注册信息有误");
            return INPUT;
        }
        return SUCCESS;
    }
    
    
    

    @Override
    public void validate() {
        if(null==user.getUsername() || "".equals(user.getUsername())){
            this.addFieldError("user.username", "用户名不能为空!");
        }
        if(null==user.getPassword() || "".equals(user.getPassword())){
            this.addFieldError("user.password", "密码不能为空!");
        }
        String ageStr="^\d{1,3}$";
        Pattern ageReg=Pattern.compile(ageStr);
        Matcher ageMatcher=ageReg.matcher(user.getAge()+"");
        if(!ageMatcher.matches()){
            this.addFieldError("user.age", "年龄只能是数字,并只能为1-200之间!");
        }
        if(null==user.getAge() || "".equals(user.getAge())){
            this.addFieldError("user.age", "年龄不能为空!");
        }else{
            if(0>user.getAge() || 200<user.getAge()){
                this.addFieldError("user.age", "年龄1-200之间!!");
            }
        }
        
    
        String emaString="^\w+@\w+(.\w{2,3}){1,2}$";
        Pattern emailReg=Pattern.compile(emaString);
        Matcher emailMatcher=emailReg.matcher(user.getEmail());
        if(!emailMatcher.matches()){
            this.addFieldError("user.email", "邮箱格式不正确");
        }
        super.validate();
        
    }

    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }
    
    

}

如果Action中有validate()方法，会先执行验证，验证后才执行业务方法，不通过不执行业务方法

五、针对一个业务方法进行数据验证

使用validateXxx()方法

Struts2支持validateXxx()方法针对xxx（）方法进行数据验证
使用validateRegister()方法实现针对register()方法的数据验证
注册时通过validateRegister()方法验证年龄和邮箱等其它字段
注册和登录时在validate()方法中验证用户名和密码非空等其它验证

validate()方法和validateXxx()方法同时存在时都会起作用

ValidateXxx()方法的调用要先于validate()方法

5.1、使用针对注册的验证方法

package com.pb.web.action;

import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.pb.entity.User;


public class UserAction2 extends ActionSupport {
    private User user;

    public String register() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("=========完成注册信息======");
        if(this.hasErrors()){
            return INPUT;
        }
        return SUCCESS;
    }
    
    
    

    @Override
    public void validate() {
        System.out.println("====执行validate方法验证====");
        if(null==user.getUsername() || "".equals(user.getUsername())){
            this.addFieldError("user.username", "用户名不能为空!");
        }
        if(null==user.getPassword() || "".equals(user.getPassword())){
            this.addFieldError("user.password", "密码不能为空!");
        }


    }

public void validateRegister(){
    System.out.println("====执行validateRegister方法验证====");
    String ageStr="^\d{1,3}$";
    Pattern ageReg=Pattern.compile(ageStr);
    Matcher ageMatcher=ageReg.matcher(user.getAge()+"");
    if(!ageMatcher.matches()){
        this.addFieldError("user.age", "年龄只能是数字,并只能为1-200之间!");
    }
    if(null==user.getAge() || "".equals(user.getAge())){
        this.addFieldError("user.age", "年龄不能为空!");
    }else{
        if(0>user.getAge() || 200<user.getAge()){
            this.addFieldError("user.age", "年龄1-200之间!!");
        }
    }
    

    String emaString="^\w+@\w+(.\w{2,3}){1,2}$";
    Pattern emailReg=Pattern.compile(emaString);
    Matcher emailMatcher=emailReg.matcher(user.getEmail());
    if(!emailMatcher.matches()){
        this.addFieldError("user.email", "邮箱格式不正确");
    }
}


    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }
    
    

}

struts.xml

<action name="register2" class="com.pb.web.action.UserAction2" method="register">
    <result name="input">/register2.jsp</result>
    <result name="success">/registerSuccess.jsp</result>
    </action>

5.2、三种方法

六、验证框架

6.1、实现

package com.pb.web.action;

import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.pb.entity.User;


public class UserAction3 extends ActionSupport {
    private User user;

    public String register() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("=========完成注册信息======");
        return SUCCESS;
    }

    public User getUser() {
        return user;
    }

    public void setUser(User user) {
        this.user = user;
    }
    
    

}

UserAction3-validation.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.3//EN"
        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.3.dtd">
<validators>
<!--  用户名验证-->
<field name="user.username">
<field-validator type="requiredstring">
<param name="trim">true</param>
<message>用户名不能为空!</message>
</field-validator>
<field-validator type="stringlength">
<param name="minLength">4</param>
<param name="maxLength">16</param>
<param name="trim">true</param>
<message>用户名必须为${minLength}至${maxLength}个字符！,当前为${user.username}</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
<!--密码  -->
<field name="user.password">
<field-validator type="requiredstring">
<param name="trim">true</param>
<message>密码不能为空!</message>
</field-validator>
<field-validator type="stringlength">
<!--去掉前后的空格  -->
<param name="trim">true</param>
<param name="minLength">6</param>
<param name="maxLength">20</param>
<message>密码必须为${minLength}至${maxLength}个字符,当前为${user.password}</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
<!--年龄  -->
<field name="user.age">
<field-validator type="required">
<param name="trim">true</param>
<message>年龄不能为空</message>
</field-validator>
<field-validator type="int">
<param name="trim">true</param>
<param name="min">1</param>
<param name="max">200</param>
<message>年龄为${min}---${max}岁之间</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
<field name="user.email">
<field-validator type="requiredstring">
<param name="trim">true</param>
<message>邮箱不能为空</message>
</field-validator>
<field-validator type="email">
<param name="trim">true</param>
<message>邮箱格式不正确!</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
</validators>

jsp页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<%
    String path = request.getContextPath();
    String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
            + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
            + path + "/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>注册页面</title>
</head>
<body>

<!--  判断字段是否有错误信息-->
<s:if test="hasFieldErrors()">
<h1 align="center">输出错误字段信息</h1>
<div align="center" style="color:blue;">
使用s:fielderror输出全部的错误信息
<s:fielderror />
</div>
</s:if>
<h1>ActionName-validation.xml较验</h1>
<!-- 必须加上namespace不然不起作用-->
<s:form action="register3.action" method="post" namespace="/" >
<s:textfield label="用户名"  name="user.username"/>
<s:password  label="密码" name="user.password"/>
<s:textfield label="年龄" name="user.age" />
<s:textfield  label="邮箱" name="user.email"/>
<s:submit  value="提交" /><s:reset value="重置" /><br/>
</s:form>
<s:debug/>
</body>
</html>

struts.xml

<action name="register3" class="com.pb.web.action.UserAction3" method="register">
    <result name="input">/register3.jsp</result>
    <result name="success">/registerSuccess.jsp</result>
    </action>

七、针对一个业务编写配置文件

7.1、更改实现

将上面的年龄验证和邮箱验证独立出来

struts.xml

<action name="register3" class="com.pb.web.action.UserAction3" method="register">
    <result name="input">/register3.jsp</result>
    <result name="success">/registerSuccess.jsp</result>
    </action>

UserAction3-validation.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.3//EN"
        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.3.dtd">
<validators>
<!--  用户名验证-->
<field name="user.username">
<field-validator type="requiredstring">
<param name="trim">true</param>
<message>用户名不能为空!</message>
</field-validator>
<field-validator type="stringlength">
<param name="minLength">4</param>
<param name="maxLength">16</param>
<param name="trim">true</param>
<message>用户名必须为${minLength}至${maxLength}个字符！,当前为${user.username}</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
<!--密码  -->
<field name="user.password">
<field-validator type="requiredstring">
<param name="trim">true</param>
<message>密码不能为空!</message>
</field-validator>
<field-validator type="stringlength">
<!--去掉前后的空格  -->
<param name="trim">true</param>
<param name="minLength">6</param>
<param name="maxLength">20</param>
<message>密码必须为${minLength}至${maxLength}个字符,当前为${user.password}</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
</validators>

UserAction3-register3-validation.xml 中间的名称要与action名字相同

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.3//EN"
        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.3.dtd">
<validators>
<!--  用户名验证-->
<field name="user.username">
<field-validator type="requiredstring">
<param name="trim">true</param>
<message>用户名不能为空!</message>
</field-validator>
<field-validator type="stringlength">
<param name="minLength">4</param>
<param name="maxLength">16</param>
<param name="trim">true</param>
<message>用户名必须为${minLength}至${maxLength}个字符！,当前为${user.username}</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
<!--密码  -->
<field name="user.password">
<field-validator type="requiredstring">
<param name="trim">true</param>
<message>密码不能为空!</message>
</field-validator>
<field-validator type="stringlength">
<!--去掉前后的空格  -->
<param name="trim">true</param>
<param name="minLength">6</param>
<param name="maxLength">20</param>
<message>密码必须为${minLength}至${maxLength}个字符,当前为${user.password}</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
</validators>

7.2、验证顺序

八、以上

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/liunanjava/p/4383237.html