https://vjudge.net/problem/HDU-6208
首先可以知道最长那个串肯定是答案
然后,相当于用n - 1个模式串去匹配这个主串,看看有多少个能匹配。
普通kmp的话,每次都要O(mxLen)的复杂度肯定不行。考虑AC自动机,不说这个算法了都懂。
大概就是,询问主串的时候用Fail指针快速转移到LCP,然后就可以用字典树快速判断其是否一个模式串
可以知道判断过的可以标记下,不需要再判断了(听说很多人TLE在这里了,比赛的时候写歪了也TLE)
#include <bits/stdc++.h> #define IOS ios::sync_with_stdio(false) using namespace std; #define inf (0x3f3f3f3f) typedef long long int LL; const int maxn = 6e5 + 2, N = 26; struct node { int flag; struct node *Fail; //失败指针,匹配失败,跳去最大前后缀 struct node *pNext[N]; } tree[maxn]; int t; //字典树的节点 struct node *create() { //其实也只是清空数据而已,多case有用,根是0号顶点、 struct node *p = &tree[t++]; p->flag = 0; p->Fail = NULL; for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { p->pNext[i] = NULL; } return p; } void toinsert(struct node **T, char str[], int be, int en) { struct node *p = *T; if (p == NULL) { p = *T = create(); } for (int i = be; i <= en; i++) { int id = str[i] - 'a'; if (p->pNext[id] == NULL) { p->pNext[id] = create(); } p = p->pNext[id]; } p->flag++; //相同的单词算两次 } struct node *que[maxn + 2]; //这里的t是节点总数,字典树那里统计的,要用G++编译 void BuiltFail(struct node **T) { //根节点没有失败指针,所以都是需要特判的 //思路就是去到爸爸的失败指针那里,找东西匹配,这样是最优的 struct node *p = *T; //用个p去代替修改 struct node *root = *T; if (p == NULL) return ; //树上bfs,要更改的是p->pNext[i]->Fail int head = 0, tail = 0; que[tail++] = root; while (head < tail) { p = que[head]; //p取出第一个元素 ★ for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { //看看存不存在这个节点 if (p->pNext[i] != NULL) { //存在的才需要管失败指针。 if (p == root) { //如果爸爸是根节点的话,根节点没有失败指针 p->pNext[i]->Fail = root; //指向根节点 } else { struct node *FailNode = p->Fail; //首先找到爸爸的失败指针 while (FailNode != NULL) { if (FailNode->pNext[i] != NULL) { //存在 p->pNext[i]->Fail = FailNode->pNext[i]; break; } FailNode = FailNode->Fail; //回溯,根节点的fail是NULL } if (FailNode == NULL) { //如果还是空,那么就指向根算了 p->pNext[i]->Fail = root; } } que[tail++] = p->pNext[i]; //这个id是存在的,入队bfs } } head++; } } int searchAC(struct node *T, char str[], int be, int en) { int ans = 0; struct node *p = T; struct node *root = T; if (p == NULL) return 0; for (int i = be; i <= en; i++) { //遍历主串中的每一个字符 int id = str[i] - 'a'; p = p->pNext[id]; //去到这个节点,虚拟边也建立起来了,所以一定存在。 struct node *temp = p; //p不用动,下次for就是指向这里就OK,temp去找后缀串 //什么叫找后缀串?就是,有单词 she,he 串***she,那么匹配到e的时候,she统计成功 //这个时候,就要转移去到he那里,也把he统计进去。也就是找等价态 while (temp != root && temp->flag != -1) { //root没失败指针 if (temp->flag > 0) { ans += temp->flag; } temp->flag = -1; //标记,,他们卡在这里吗 temp = temp->Fail; } } return ans; } char str[maxn]; void work() { t = 0; int n; scanf("%d", &n); struct node * T = NULL; int ansbe = 0, ansen = 0, anslen = 0; int pre = 1; for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { scanf("%s", str + pre); int tlen = strlen(str + pre); pre += tlen; if (tlen > anslen) { anslen = tlen; ansbe = pre - tlen; ansen = pre - 1; } toinsert(&T, str, pre - tlen, pre - 1); } // printf("%s ", now + 1); BuiltFail(&T); if (searchAC(T, str, ansbe, ansen) == n) { for (int i = ansbe; i <= ansen; ++i) { printf("%c", str[i]); } printf(" "); } else printf("No "); } int main() { #ifdef local freopen("data.txt", "r", stdin); // freopen("data.txt", "w", stdout); #endif int t; scanf("%d", &t); while (t--) work(); return 0; }
然后生气了还是sam吧
对最长的串建立sam
对于每一个串是否其子串,可以O(lensub)判断。
#include <bits/stdc++.h> #define IOS ios::sync_with_stdio(false) using namespace std; #define inf (0x3f3f3f3f) typedef long long int LL; const int maxn = 1e5 + 2, N = 26; struct SAM { int mxCnt[maxn << 1], son[maxn << 1][N], fa[maxn << 1]; int root, last, DFN, t; int create() { ++t; mxCnt[t] = fa[t] = NULL; for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) son[t][i] = NULL; return t; } void init() { ++DFN; t = 0, root = 1; last = create(); } void addChar(int x, int _pos, int id) { int p = last; int np = create(); last = np; mxCnt[np] = mxCnt[p] + 1; for (; p && son[p][x] == NULL; p = fa[p]) son[p][x] = np; if (p == NULL) { fa[np] = root; return; } int q = son[p][x]; if (mxCnt[q] == mxCnt[p] + 1) { fa[np] = q; return; } int nq = create(); for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) son[nq][i] = son[q][i]; fa[nq] = fa[q], mxCnt[nq] = mxCnt[p] + 1; fa[q] = nq, fa[np] = nq; for (; p && son[p][x] == q; p = fa[p]) son[p][x] = nq; } bool is(string &str, int tt) { int p = root; for (int i = 0; i < tt; ++i) { if (son[p][str[i] - 'a']) { p = son[p][str[i] - 'a']; } else return false; } return true; } } sam; string str[maxn]; int tt[maxn]; char liu[maxn]; void work() { sam.init(); int n; scanf("%d", &n); int id = 0, len = 0; for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { scanf("%s", liu); str[i] = string(liu); tt[i] = strlen(str[i].c_str()); if (len < tt[i]) { len = tt[i]; id = i; } } for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) { sam.addChar(str[id][i] - 'a', i, 0); } for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) { if (i == id) continue; if (!sam.is(str[i], tt[i])) { printf("No "); return; } } printf("%s ", str[id].c_str()); } int main() { #ifdef local freopen("data.txt", "r", stdin); // freopen("data.txt", "w", stdout); #endif int t; scanf("%d", &t); while (t--) work(); return 0; }