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  • Spring 源码学习 16:单例 Bean 创建

    前言

    在 finishBeanFactoryInitialization 中介绍了创建 Bean 的流程大概流程,这里进入单例 Bean 的创建过程。

    这里主要分为三个部分创建单例 Bean

    1. getSingleton
    2. createBean
    3. getObjectForBeanInstance

    下面进入源码:

    getSingleton

    public Object getSingleton(String beanName, ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory) {
        Assert.notNull(beanName, "Bean name must not be null");
        // 加锁
        synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
            // 检查 singletonObjects 缓存中是否有
            Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
            if (singletonObject == null) {
                // 检查是否在执行销毁
                if (this.singletonsCurrentlyInDestruction) {
                    throw new BeanCreationNotAllowedException(beanName,
                            "Singleton bean creation not allowed while singletons of this factory are in destruction " +
                            "(Do not request a bean from a BeanFactory in a destroy method implementation!)");
                }
                if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    logger.debug("Creating shared instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
                }
                // 将 Bean 添加到 singletonsCurrentlyInCreation 集合中, 表示正在创建
                beforeSingletonCreation(beanName);
                boolean newSingleton = false;
                boolean recordSuppressedExceptions = (this.suppressedExceptions == null);
                if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
                    this.suppressedExceptions = new LinkedHashSet<>();
                }
                try {
                    // 调用工厂方法
                    // 也就是调用 createBean(beanName, mbd, args)
                    singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();
                    newSingleton = true;
                }
                catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
                    // Has the singleton object implicitly appeared in the meantime ->
                    // if yes, proceed with it since the exception indicates that state.
                    singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
                    if (singletonObject == null) {
                        throw ex;
                    }
                }
                catch (BeanCreationException ex) {
                    if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
                        for (Exception suppressedException : this.suppressedExceptions) {
                            ex.addRelatedCause(suppressedException);
                        }
                    }
                    throw ex;
                }
                finally {
                    if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
                        this.suppressedExceptions = null;
                    }
                    // 创建成功, 从 singletonsCurrentlyInCreation 移除
                    afterSingletonCreation(beanName);
                }
                if (newSingleton) {
                    // 将给定的单例对象添加到该工厂的单例缓存中
                    // 	this.singletonObjects.put(beanName, singletonObject);
                    // 	this.singletonFactories.remove(beanName);
                    // 	this.earlySingletonObjects.remove(beanName);
                    // 	this.registeredSingletons.add(beanName);
                    addSingleton(beanName, singletonObject);
                }
            }
            return singletonObject;
        }
    }
    

    返回以给定名称注册的(原始)单例对象,如果尚未注册,则创建并注册一个新对象。

    这一块一共可以拆成三部分来理解:

    1. 从缓存中获取 singletonObjects

    singletonObject 是什么?

    /** Cache of singleton objects: bean name to bean instance. */
    private final Map<String, Object> singletonObjects = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(256);
    

    singletonObjects 是一个 ConcurrentHashMap, 用来缓存单例对象的实例。

    2. 创建 singletonObject

    在从缓存中没有获取到 singletonObject ,创建新的对象

    singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();

    这一步其实就是调用外边的 createBean(beanName, mbd, args) 方法,这是一个工厂方法。 通过 createBean 方法,会创建一个新的 singletonObject

    3. 将创建的 singletonObject 添加到缓存中

    protected void addSingleton(String beanName, Object singletonObject) {
        synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
            this.singletonObjects.put(beanName, singletonObject);
            this.singletonFactories.remove(beanName);
            this.earlySingletonObjects.remove(beanName);
            // 已经成功创建的单例
            this.registeredSingletons.add(beanName);
        }
    }
    

    这一步涉及到三个缓存,以及一个成功创建的单例列表。

    /** Cache of singleton objects: bean name to bean instance. */
    /** 缓存单例对象, K-V -> BeanName - Bean 实例 */
    private final Map<String, Object> singletonObjects = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(256);
    
    /** Cache of singleton factories: bean name to ObjectFactory. */
    /** 缓存 Bean 工厂 */
    private final Map<String, ObjectFactory<?>> singletonFactories = new HashMap<>(16);
    
    /** Cache of early singleton objects: bean name to bean instance. */
    /** 缓存早期单例对象 */
    private final Map<String, Object> earlySingletonObjects = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(16);
    
    /** Set of registered singletons, containing the bean names in registration order. */
    /** 已注册的单例列表,按注册顺序保存 BeanName。 */
    private final Set<String> registeredSingletons = new LinkedHashSet<>(256);
    

    将创建的单例对象,添加到单例缓存中,同时将工厂缓存以及早期单例对象缓存中的对应对象删除。

    createBean

    protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
    			throws BeanCreationException {
    
        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
            logger.trace("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
        }
        RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;
    
        // Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point, and
        // clone the bean definition in case of a dynamically resolved Class
        // which cannot be stored in the shared merged bean definition.
        // 获取真实的类型
        Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
        if (resolvedClass != null && !mbd.hasBeanClass() && mbd.getBeanClassName() != null) {
            // 创建新的 mbd 防止 其他线程修改
            mbdToUse = new RootBeanDefinition(mbd);
            mbdToUse.setBeanClass(resolvedClass);
        }
    
        // Prepare method overrides.
        try {
            // 验证并准备为此bean定义的方法替代。 检查是否存在具有指定名称的方法。
            mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides();
        }
        catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
            throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(),
                    beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);
        }
    
        try {
            // Give BeanPostProcessors a chance to return a proxy instead of the target bean instance.
            // 应用实例化之前的后处理器,以解决指定的bean是否存在实例化快捷方式。
            // InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 后置处理器 
            // postProcessBeforeInstantiation 方法可能会已经实例化 Bean
            Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
            if (bean != null) {
                return bean;
            }
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                    "BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
        }
    
        try {
            // 实例化 Bean
            Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
            if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                logger.trace("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
            }
            return beanInstance;
        }
        catch (BeanCreationException | ImplicitlyAppearedSingletonException ex) {
            // A previously detected exception with proper bean creation context already,
            // or illegal singleton state to be communicated up to DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.
            throw ex;
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(
                    mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Unexpected exception during bean creation", ex);
        }
    }
    

    这个方法中涉及到:创建 Bean 实例 , 填充 Bean , 应用 PostProcessor。

    其中实例化 Bean 是在 doCreateBean 中。现在重点看一下 doCreateBean 方法。

    doCreateBean

    protected Object doCreateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
    			throws BeanCreationException {
    
        // Instantiate the bean.
        // Bean 的 对象包装
        BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
        if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
            // 从缓存中获取
            instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
        }
        if (instanceWrapper == null) {
            // 缓存中获取不到则直接创建, 这里创建的 BeanInstance !!!
            instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
        }
        // 获取 Bean 实例以及类型
        Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
        Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
        if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
            mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
        }
    
        // Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
        synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
            if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
                try {
                    // 如果允许修改 mbd
                    // 调用 MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor 后置处理器的
                    // postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanType, beanName);
                    applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
                }
                catch (Throwable ex) {
                    throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                            "Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
                }
                mbd.postProcessed = true;
            }
        }
    
        // Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
        // even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
        // mbd 是单例 且 允许循环引用, (默认 true) 且在创建
        boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
                isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
        if (earlySingletonExposure) {
            if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
                logger.trace("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
                        "' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
            }
            // 先获取 之前的 Bean 的引用, 从 beanPostProcessorCache 中 获取 SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor
            // 然后从 SmartInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor#getEarlyBeanReference 获取之前的引用
            addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
        }
    
        // Initialize the bean instance.
        Object exposedObject = bean;
        try {
            // 属性赋值
            populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
            // 执行 init 方法
            exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
                throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
            }
            else {
                throw new BeanCreationException(
                        mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
            }
        }
    
        // 这里允许循环依赖
        if (earlySingletonExposure) {
            // 获取早期的 Bean, 如果没有循环依赖 则获取不到
            Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
    
            // 有循环依赖
            if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
                // 创建的是不是同一个,可能会有代理对象
                if (exposedObject == bean) {
                    exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
                }
                else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
                    // 获取依赖的 Bean 并 循环放入到 actualDependentBeans
                    String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
                    Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<>(dependentBeans.length);
                    for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
                        if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
                            actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
                        }
                    }
                    if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
                        throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
                                "Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
                                StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
                                "] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
                                "wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
                                "bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
                                "'getBeanNamesForType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    
        // Register bean as disposable.
        try {
            // 注册销毁方法
            registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
        }
        catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(
                    mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
        }
    
        return exposedObject;
    }
    

    同样是代码很长很长!

    分步骤阅读:

    如果这个 Bean 是单例 Bean 且允许循环引用且在创建中,则说明在有循环引用。则调用:

    addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));

    这一行代码涉及到两个方法,分别是 getEarlyBeanReferenceaddSingletonFactory

    • getEarlyBeanReference

    • addSingletonFactory

    这一块可以看到将创建的一个单例对象的 singletonFactory 添加到了 singletonFactories 缓存中。

    同时将 earlySingletonObjects 缓存中的单例对象移除。

    那什么时候添加到 earlySingletonObjects 缓存中的呢?

    这块可以参考 Spring 源码学习 15:finishBeanFactoryInitializationgetSingleton 方法中 put 进去的。

    为了方便,我把这一小块代码也贴出来:

    在这里将缓存从 singletonFactories 移到了 earlySingletonObjects

    Spring 的 Bean 实例化的时候用到的三级缓存其实是:

    singletonObjects: 一级缓存,存储单例对象,Bean 已经实例化,初始化完成。

    earlySingletonObjects: 二级缓存,存储 singletonObject,这个 Bean 实例化了,还没有初始化。

    singletonFactories: 三级缓存,存储 singletonFactory

    下面会初始化 Bean

    这里关注重点关注下面一部分:

    • populateBean

    对 Bean 的属性进行赋值。

    这块需要注意的是,在对属性进行赋值时,发现依赖了其他 Bean,就会去先创建其他 Bean。

    我这边使用的注解 @Autowired 就会执行下面一部分:

    在这里解析属性的时候,就会去创建内部依赖的 Bean。

    • initializeBean

    getObjectForBeanInstance

    获取给定bean实例的对象,如果是FactoryBean,则为bean实例本身或其创建的对象。

    这一块逻辑相对比较简单,就是根据前面你创建的 beanInstance , 判断其类型,从而创建 Bean 实例。

    总结

    本文主要介绍了一个 单例 Bean 的创建,当然都是大块大块的源码,需要耐心的啃。

    阅读完源码,基本上对循环依赖能有个详细的了解,知道 Spring 在初始化 Bean 的时候是使用三级缓存来处理循环依赖的额,而后面则会单独准备一篇文章对循环依赖做介绍。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/liuzhihang/p/source-spring-16.html
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