估计大家用的最多的就是ssh了.这次来个Struts2+Spring3+MyBatis的整合,实现完美的web开发结构,之所以将hibernate换成MyBatis,有以下好处:
(1)MyBatis框架比hibernate更简单轻量,上手快
(2)MyBatis的效率整体上比hibernate高,请不要拍砖,这是事实,毕竟MyBatis的sql是生成好的,而hibernate需要根据不同的方言生成sql,效率降低了一些
(3)使用官方提供的MyBatis代码生成器生成的代码大大降低了手写sql的复杂度.常用的增加删除修改操作和hibernate几乎相同,并且常用的查询操作都可以直接调用生成好的mapper里面的方法,只有少量复杂的查询需要手写sql;反观hibernate,除了根据id查询之外的大多数查询都需要写hql.
本例子数据库采用mysql,业务层的东西大部分才用了注解进行标注(dao除外,仍然采用xml配置,下面会说原因),简单,下面就走一遍开发流程:
一、建立数据库(mysql)
-
create
database test; -
-
CREATE
TABLE `person` ( -
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, -
`name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, -
`age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, -
`sex` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, -
`password` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL, -
PRIMARY KEY (`id`) -
)
ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1001 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
二、建立web工程
目录里面大致有vo,dao,service,service.impl,action这个几个包
为什么没有dao.impl呢?因为MyBatis官方代码生成器生成的代码里面只有XxxxMapper.java一个文件,这个文件是一个接口,在mybatis-spring.jar里面有一个工厂类MapperFactoryBean,在整合spring的时候需要将XxxxMapper接口注入到这个工厂类中然后动态地返回一个实现类,所以没有专门存放dao实现类的dao.impl包。
因为没有实现类,只有接口,注解不能标注在接口上,所以需要单独配置dao,因此只有dao要配置xml,action和service都直接采用注解就可以了。
前台就三个页面,一个登陆,一个登陆成功,一个登录失败,action的路径为test/login.action,页面的代码就不贴了。
configuration是源码文件夹,专门用于存放配置文件,下面是项目结构图:
以下是用到的所有jar包:
持久层选用MyBatis,先编写一个配置文件,然后用自动化工具生成dao层以下的所有代码,配置文件generatorConfig.xml供生成器用,详细的内容请看我前面的几篇博客
generatorConfig.xml:
-
<?xml
version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> -
<!DOCTYPE
generatorConfiguration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd" > -
<generatorConfiguration
> -
<!--
设置mysql驱动路径 --> -
<classPathEntry
location="./mysql-connector-java-5.0.8-bin.jar" /> -
<!--
此处指定生成针对MyBatis3的DAO --> -
<context id="context1" targetRuntime="MyBatis3"> -
<!-- jdbc连接信息 --> -
<jdbcConnection driverClass="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" -
connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/abator_test" -
userId="root" password="root" /> -
<!-- 生成vo对象 --> -
<javaModelGenerator targetPackage="org.qiuqiu.vo" targetProject="../src" /> -
<!-- 生成用于查询的Example对象 --> -
<sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="org.qiuqiu.vo" targetProject="../src" /> -
<!-- 生成DAO的类文件以及配置文件 --> -
<javaClientGenerator targetPackage="org.qiuqiu.dao" targetProject="../src" type="XMLMAPPER" /> -
<!-- 想要生成的数据库表,自动化工具会根据该表的结构生成相应的vo对象 --> -
<table schema="" tableName="person" > -
</table> -
</context> -
</generatorConfiguration>
上面的路径请酌情修改,保存之后在cmd下面 进入生成器的jar包所在的文件夹,然后执行以下命令:
下面再建立一个Configuration.xml文件,该文件是MyBatis的重要配置文件
Configuration.xml:
-
<?xml
version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> -
<!DOCTYPE
configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> -
<configuration>
-
<environments default="myexample"> -
<environment id="myexample"> -
<transactionManager type="JDBC" /> -
<dataSource type="POOLED"> -
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> -
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" /> -
<property name="username" value="root" /> -
<property name="password" value="root" /> -
</dataSource> -
</environment> -
</environments> -
<mappers> -
<span style="color: #ff0000;" ><mapperresource="org/qiuqiu/dao/PersonMapper.xml"/></span> -
</mappers> -
</configuration>
四、编写service层代码,实现类中采用注解标注,简化开发。
接口,PersonService:
-
package
org.qiuqiu.service; -
-
import
org.qiuqiu.vo.Person; -
-
public
interface PersonService { -
-
public Person login(String name,String password); -
-
}
-
package
org.qiuqiu.service.impl; -
-
import
java.util.List; -
-
import
javax.annotation.Resource; -
-
import
org.qiuqiu.dao.PersonMapper; -
import
org.qiuqiu.vo.Person; -
import
org.qiuqiu.vo.PersonExample; -
import
org.springframework.stereotype.Service; -
-
<span
style="color: #ff0000;" >@Service</span> -
public
class PersonServiceImpl implements org.qiuqiu.service.PersonService { -
-
//@Resource默认是按照名称装配,找不到对应名字的则按照类型装配 -
<span style="color: #ff0000;" >@Resource</span> -
private PersonMapper pm; -
-
public PersonServiceImpl(){ -
System.out.println("初始化PersonServiceImpl"); -
} -
-
public PersonMapper getPm() { -
return pm; -
} -
-
public void setPm(PersonMapper pm) { -
this.pm = pm; -
} -
-
public Person login(String name, String password) { -
System.out.println(name+" " -
PersonExample pe = new PersonExample(); -
pe.createCriteria().andNameEqualTo(name).andPasswordEqualTo(password); -
List<Person> list = pm.selectByExample(pe); -
if(list.size()>0){ -
return list.get(0); -
}else{ -
return null; -
} -
} -
}
废话就不多说了,这一步需要一个struts的配置文件和一个action类
struts.xml:
-
<?xml
version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> -
<!DOCTYPE
struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd"> -
<struts>
-
<constant
name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" /> -
<package name="json" namespace="/test" extends="struts-default"> -
<action name="login" class="loginAction"> -
<result name="success">/success.jsp</result> -
<result name="error">/error.jsp</result> -
</action> -
</package> -
</struts>
-
package
org.qiuqiu.action; -
-
import
javax.annotation.Resource; -
-
import
org.qiuqiu.service.PersonService; -
import
org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope; -
import
org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; -
import
com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; -
<span
style="color: #ff0000;" >//记得将该类标注为控制器bean,scope必须为prototyp</span>e -
<span
style="color: #ff0000;" >@Controller -
@Scope("prototype")</span>
-
public
class LoginAction extends ActionSupport { -
-
private static final long serialVersionUID = -1006252987556326592L; -
//
@Resource默认是按照名称装配,找不到对应名字的则按照类型装配 -
<span style="color: #ff0000;" >@Resource</span> -
private PersonService ps; -
private String name; -
private String password; -
-
public PersonService getPs() { -
return ps; -
} -
-
public void setPs(PersonService ps) { -
this.ps = ps; -
} -
-
public String getName() { -
return name; -
} -
-
public void setName(String name) { -
this.name = name; -
} -
-
public String getPassword() { -
return password; -
} -
-
public void setPassword(String password) { -
this.password = password; -
} -
-
@Override -
public String execute() throws Exception { -
System.out.println("收到信息-----------"); -
if (ps.login(name, password) != null) { -
return SUCCESS; -
} else { -
return ERROR; -
} -
} -
}
六、添加spring,整合struts和spring
这一步主要是一个spring的配置文件,该配置文件配置了数据源,连接池,sqlsession,以及非常重要的dao
applicationContext.xml:
-
<?xml
version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> -
<beans
-
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" -
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" -
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" -
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" -
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans -
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd -
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context -
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"> -
<!-- 数据库连接池 --> -
<bean id="c3p0DataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close"> -
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> -
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" /> -
<property name="user" value="root" /> -
<property name="password" value="root" /> -
<property name="initialPoolSize" value="10" /> -
<property name="minPoolSize" value="5" /> -
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="30" /> -
<property name="acquireIncrement" value="10" /> -
<property name="maxIdleTime" value="10" /> -
<property name="maxStatements" value="0" /> -
</bean> -
<!-- 数据源 --> -
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> -
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> -
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"></property> -
<property name="username" value="root"></property> -
<property name="password" value="root"></property> -
</bean> -
-
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> -
<property name="dataSource" ref="c3p0DataSource"/> -
</bean> -
<!-- 声明式事务 --> -
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionMan ager" > -
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> -
</bean> -
<!-- 配置注解搜索的范围,该例子中spring会自动搜索org.qiuqiu下面的注解 --> -
<context:component-scan base-package="org.qiuqiu"/> -
<!-- 此处配置dao,class为一工厂类,需要注入对应的dao接口和sqlsessionfactory --> -
<bean id="personMapper" <span style="color: #ff0000;" >class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperFactoryBean</span>"> -
<span style="color: #ff0000;" ><propertyname="mapperInterface" value="org.qiuqiu.dao.PersonMapper"/></span> -
<property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/> -
</bean> -
-
</beans>
七、修改web.xml文件,加入spring和struts支持
web.xml:
-
<?xml
version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> -
<web-app
version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" -
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" -
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee -
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> -
-
<filter> -
<filter-name>struts-cleanup</filter-name> -
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ActionContextCleanUp</filter-class> -
</filter> -
<filter-mapping> -
<filter-name>struts-cleanup</filter-name> -
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> -
</filter-mapping> -
-
<filter> -
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name> -
<filter-class> -
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteF ilter -
</filter-class> -
</filter> -
<filter-mapping> -
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name> -
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> -
</filter-mapping> -
-
<listener> -
<listener-class> -
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener -
</listener-class> -
</listener> -
-
<context-param> -
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> -
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml -
</param-value> -
</context-param> -
-
<welcome-file-list> -
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> -
</welcome-file-list> -
-
</web-app>
整个例子的开发已经完成了,该过程还是比较简单的,主要是MyBatis官方为我们提供的代码生成器将底层的代码量大大地减少了