生产者和消费者的例子
一、wait() / notify()方法
wait() / nofity()方法是基类Object的两个方法，也就意味着所有Java类都会拥有这两个方法，这样，我们就可以为任何对象实现同步机制。
wait()方法：当缓冲区已满/空时，生产者/消费者线程停止自己的执行，放弃锁，使自己处于等等状态，让其他线程执行。
notify()方法：当生产者/消费者向缓冲区放入/取出一个产品时，向其他等待的线程发出可执行的通知，同时放弃锁，使自己处于等待状态。
直接贴上代码 用as
class Person{
private String name;
private String sex;
private Boolean isEmpty = Boolean.TRUE;
public void set(String name,String sex){
synchronized(this){
while(!isEmpty.equals(Boolean.TRUE)){
try {
this.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
this.name=name;
try {
Thread.sleep(1);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
this.sex=sex;
isEmpty=Boolean.FALSE;
this.notifyAll();
}
}
public void get(){
synchronized(this){
while(!isEmpty.equals(Boolean.FALSE)){
try {
this.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
String name=getName();
String sex=getSex();
System.out.println(name + " --> " + sex);
isEmpty=Boolean.TRUE;
this.notifyAll();
}
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
}
class Producer implements Runnable{
private Person p;
public Producer(Person p){
this.p=p;
}
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
for(int i=2;i<100;i++){
if(i%2==0){
p.set("李果", "女");
}else{
p.set("李凡", "男");
}
}
}
}
class Consumer implements Runnable{
private Person p;
public Consumer(Person p){
this.p=p;
}
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
for(int i=2;i<100;i++){
p.get();
}
}
}
public class Productor_ConsumerDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Person p = new Person();
new Thread(new Producer(p)).start();
new Thread(new Consumer(p)).start();
new Thread(new Producer(p)).start();
new Thread(new Consumer(p)).start();
}
}
用Synchronized 同步方法
await() / signal()方法
在JDK5.0之后，Java提供了更加健壮的线程处理机制，包括同步、锁定、线程池等，它们可以实现更细粒度的线程控制。await()和signal()就是其中用来做同步的两种方法，它们的功能基本上和wait() / nofity()相同，完全可以取代它们，但是它们和新引入的锁定机制Lock直接挂钩，具有更大的灵活性。通过在Lock对象上调用newCondition()方法，将条件变量和一个锁对象进行绑定，进而控制并发程序访问竞争资源的安全。下面来看代码：
class Person {
private String name;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
private String sex;
private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
private final Condition con = lock.newCondition();
private Boolean isEmpty = Boolean.TRUE;
public void set(String name, String sex) {
lock.lock();
while (!isEmpty.equals(Boolean.TRUE)) {
try {
con.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try {
this.name = name;
Thread.sleep(1);
this.sex = sex;
isEmpty = Boolean.FALSE;
con.signal();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
public void get() {
lock.lock();
while (!isEmpty.equals(Boolean.FALSE)) {
try {
con.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try {
String name = getName();
String sex = getSex();
System.out.println(name + " --> " + sex);
isEmpty = Boolean.TRUE;
con.signal();
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
}
class Productor implements Runnable {
private Person p;
public Productor(Person p) {
this.p = p;
}
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
for (int i = 2; i < 100; i++) {
if (i % 2 == 0) {
p.set("李果", "女");
} else {
p.set("李雨軒", "男");
}
}
}
}
class Cosumer implements Runnable {
private Person p;
public Cosumer(Person p) {
this.p = p;
}
@Override
public void run() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
for (int i = 2; i < 100; i++) {
p.get();
}
}
}
public class Producer_Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Person p = new Person();
new Thread(new Productor(p)).start();
new Thread(new Cosumer(p)).start();
}
}