Python3 sftp文件上传下载以及远程执行命令

Python3 sftp文件上传下载以及远程执行命令

1，简介

Paramiko模块是基于Python实现的SSH远程安全连接，用于SSH远程执行命令、文件传输等功能。

注意：paramiko 2.4.2 依赖 cryptography，而最新的cryptography==2.5里有一些弃用的API。pip install cryptography==2.4.2

2，安装 paramiko

默认Python没有自带，需要手动安装：

pip install paramiko

3，上传文件

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# coding: utf-8
import paramiko

def sftp_upload_file(host, user, password, server_path, port, local_path, timeout=10):
    """
    上传文件，注意：不支持文件夹
    :param host: 主机名
    :param user: 用户名
    :param password: 密码
    :param server_path: 远程路径，比如：/home/test.txt
    :param local_path: 本地路径，比如：D:/test.txt
    :param timeout: 超时时间(默认)，必须是int类型
    :return: bool
    """
    try:
        t = paramiko.Transport((host, int(port)))
        t.banner_timeout = timeout
        t.connect(username=user, password=password)
        sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
        sftp.put(local_path, server_path)
        t.close()
        return True
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)
        return False,

if __name__ == '__main__':
    host = '192.168.10.1'
    user = 'root'
    password = 'root'
    port = '22'
    server_path = '/home/test.txt'
    local_path = 'D:/test.txt'
    res = sftp_upload_file(host, user, password, port, server_path, local_path)
    if not res:
        print("上传文件: %s 失败"%local_path)
    else:
        print("上传文件: %s 成功" % local_path)

4，下载文件

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# coding: utf-8
import paramiko

def sftp_down_file(host,user,password, port, server_path, local_path,timeout=10):
    """
    下载文件，注意：不支持文件夹
    :param host: 主机名
    :param user: 用户名
    :param password: 密码
    :param server_path: 远程路径，比如：/home/test.txt
    :param local_path: 本地路径，比如：D:/test.txt
    :param timeout: 超时时间(默认)，必须是int类型
    :return: bool
    """
    try:
        t = paramiko.Transport((host,int(port)))
        t.banner_timeout = timeout
        t.connect(username=user,password=password)
        sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
        sftp.get(server_path, local_path)
        t.close()
        return True
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)
        return False


if __name__ == '__main__':
    host = '192.168.10.1'
    user = 'root'
    password = 'root'
    port = '21'
    server_path = '/home/test.txt'
    local_path = 'D:/test.txt'
    res = sftp_down_file(host, user, password, port, server_path, local_path)
    if not res:
        print("下载文件: %s 失败"%server_path)
    else:
        print("下载文件: %s 成功" % server_path)

5，远程执行命令

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# coding: utf-8
import paramiko


def ssh_exec_command(host,user,password, cmd,timeout=10):
    """
    使用ssh连接远程服务器执行命令
    :param host: 主机名
    :param user: 用户名
    :param password: 密码
    :param cmd: 执行的命令
    :param seconds: 超时时间(默认)，必须是int类型
    :return: dict
    """
    result = {'status': 1, 'data': None}  # 返回结果
    try:
        ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()  # 创建一个新的SSHClient实例
        ssh.banner_timeout = timeout
        # 设置host key,如果在"known_hosts"中没有保存相关的信息, SSHClient 默认行为是拒绝连接, 会提示yes/no
        ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
        ssh.connect(host, 22, user, password, timeout=timeout)  # 连接远程服务器,超时时间1秒
        stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd,get_pty=True,timeout=timeout)  # 执行命令
        out = stdout.readlines()    # 执行结果,readlines会返回列表
        # 执行状态,0表示成功，1表示失败
        channel = stdout.channel
        status = channel.recv_exit_status()
        ssh.close()  # 关闭ssh连接
        # 修改返回结果
        result['status'] = status
        result['data'] = out
        return result
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)
        print("错误, 登录服务器或者执行命令超时!!! ip: {} 命令: {}".format(ip,cmd))
        return False

if __name__ == '__main__':
    host = '192.168.10.1'
    user = 'root'
    password = 'root

    cmd = "cat /etc/issue | awk '{print $1,$2,$3}'"
    res = ssh_exec_command(host, user, password, cmd)
    # print(res)
    if not res or not res['data'] or res['status'] != 0:
        print("错误, ip: {} 执行命令: {} 失败".format(host, cmd), "red")
        exit()

    value = res['data'][0].strip()  # 获取实际值
    print("操作系统为: %s"%value)