1、如果主节点已经运行了一段时间，且有大量数据时，如何配置并启动slave节点
如果主节点已经运行了一段时间，有大量的数据，要先备份恢复数据到从服务器，在从复制起始位置开始备份从节点
主机10.0.0.8为主服务器
主机10.0.0.18为从服务器
（1）首先在主服务器完全备份
[root@master ~]#mysqldump -A -F --single-transaction --master-data=1 >/backup/fullbackup_`date +%F_%T`.sql
[root@master ~]#ll /backup/
total 2988
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3055918 Nov 27 17:41 fullbackup_2019-11-27_17:41:17.sql
#将完全备份拷贝到从服务器
[root@master ~]#scp /backup/fullbackup_2019-11-27_17:41:17.sql 10.0.0.18:/data/
#建议优化主和从节点服务器的性能
MariaDB [hellodb]> set global innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2
MariaDB [hellodb]> set global sync_binlog=0
MariaDB [hellodb]> set global innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)
MariaDB [hellodb]> show variables like 'sync_binlog';
+---------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------+-------+
| sync_binlog | 0 |
|---------------------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.001 sec)
（2）将完全备份还原到新的从节点
#在从节点安装数据库
[root@slave ~]#dnf -y install mariadb-server
#编辑数据库配置文件启动服务器
[root@slave ~]#vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb-server.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id=11
read-only
[root@slave ~]#systemctl restart mariadb
#配置从节点，从完全备份位置之后开始复制
[root@slave ~]#grep '^CHANGE MASTER' /data/fullbackup_2019-11-27_17:41:17.sql
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mariadb-bin.000003', MASTER_LOG_POS=389;
[root@slave ~]#vim /data/fullbackup_2019-11-27_17:41:17.sql
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.8',
MASTER_USER='repluser',
MASTER_PASSWORD='magedu',
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mariadb-bin.000003', MASTER_LOG_POS=389;
[root@slave ~]#mysql < /data/fullbackup_2019-11-27_17:41:17.sql
[root@slave ~]#mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 9
Server version: 10.3.11-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave statusG;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 10.0.0.8
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 389
Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Master_Log_File: mariadb-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: No
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 389
Relay_Log_Space: 256
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 0
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Using_Gtid: No
Gtid_IO_Pos:
Replicate_Do_Domain_Ids:
Replicate_Ignore_Domain_Ids:
Parallel_Mode: conservative
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State:
Slave_DDL_Groups: 0
Slave_Non_Transactional_Groups: 0
Slave_Transactional_Groups: 0
1 row in set (0.000 sec)
#开启slave
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;
2、当master服务器宕机，提升一个slave成为新的master
#首先要找到那个从节点的数据库是最新，让它成为新的master
[root@centos8 ~]#cat /var/lib/mysql/relay-log.info
5
./mariadb-relay-bin.000002
1180
mysql-bin.000002
996
0
#新master修改配置文件，关闭只读选项配置read-only
[root@slave1 ~]#vim /etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb-server.cnf
[mysqld]
server-id=18
read-only=OFF
log-bin=/data/mysql/logbin/mysql-bin
#清除旧的master复制信息
MariaDB [hellodb]>set global read_only=off;
MariaDB [hellodb]>stop slave;
MariaDB [hellodb]>reset slave all;
#在新的master上完全备份
[root@slave1 ~]#mysqldump -A --single-transaction --master-data=1 -F >backup.sql
[root@slave1 ~]#scp backup.sql 10.0.0.28:
#在分析旧的master的二进制日志，将未同步到至新的master的二进制日志导出来，恢复到新的master，尽可能恢复数据
#其他所有slave重新还原数据库，指向新的master
[root@slave2 ~]#vim backup.sql
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.18',
MASTER_USER='repluser',
MASTER_PASSWORD='centos',
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000002', MASTER_LOG_POS=371;
MariaDB [hellodb]>stop slave;
MariaDB [hellodb]>reset slave all;
MariaDB [hellodb]>set sql_log_bin=off;
MariaDB [hellodb]>source backup.sql;
MariaDB [hellodb]>set sql_log_bin=on;
MariaDB [hellodb]>start slave;
3、通过 MHA 0.58 搭建一个数据库集群结构
#环境配置
10.0.0.7 centos7 MHA管理端
10.0.0.8 centos8 master
10.0.0.18 centos8 slave1
10.0.0.28 centos8 slave2
1.在管理节点安装包文件
[root@mha-manager ~]# yum -y install mha4mysql-*.rpm
2.在所有mysql服务器上安装node包
[root@master ~]# yum -y install mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm [root@slave1 ~]# yum -y install mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm [root@slave2 ~]# yum -y install mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
3.在所有节点之间实现基于key验证
[root@mha-manager ~]# ssh-keygen Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: SHA256:erWaaksYynrpnlcId+FN35Z6e/nkFfa/o5nyEImuxvg root@mha-manager The key's randomart image is: +---[RSA 2048]----+ | | | . . | | . + . . . | | . . o . o = | | o.o S..= o | | . ..o......o . o| | o...= ...o . .+| | .o..o.+.o .o =+o| |.++. .=Eo o*.o*| +----[SHA256]-----+ [root@mha-manager ~]# ssh-copy-id 10.0.0.7 /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub" The authenticity of host '10.0.0.7 (10.0.0.7)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:1sCsDttAdJe3IIZtYIXEIYJKEN/doLn5IP/OxPQLFFM. ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:67:c1:53:9c:33:f5:f9:9f:b5:5a:52:99:68:c1:d0:b2. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys root@10.0.0.7's password: Number of key(s) added: 1 Now try logging into the machine, with: "ssh '10.0.0.7'" and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added. [root@mha-manager ~]# rsync -av .ssh 10.0.0.8:/root/ [root@mha-manager ~]# rsync -av .ssh 10.0.0.18:/root/ [root@mha-manager ~]# rsync -av .ssh 10.0.0.28:/root/
4.在管理节点建立配置文件
[root@mha-manager ~]# mkdir /etc/mastermha/ [root@mha-manager ~]# vim /etc/mastermha/app1.cnf [server default] user=mhauser #用于远程连接MySQL所有节点的用户,需要有管理员的权限 password=magedu manager_workdir=/data/mastermha/app1/ #目录会自动生成,无需手动创建 manager_log=/data/mastermha/app1/manager.log remote_workdir=/data/mastermha/app1/ ssh_user=root #用于实现远程ssh基于KEY的连接,访问二进制日志 repl_user=repluser #主从复制的用户信息 repl_password=magedu ping_interval=1 #健康性检查的时间间隔 master_ip_failover_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover #切换VIP的perl脚本 report_script=/usr/local/bin/sendmail.sh #当执行报警脚本 check_repl_delay=0 #默认如果slave中从库落后主库relaylog超过100M，主库不会选择这个从库为新的master，因为这个从库进行恢复需要很长的时间.通过这个参数，mha触发主从切换的时候会忽略复制的延时，通过check_repl_delay=0这个参数，mha触发主从切换时会忽略复制的延时，对于设置candidate_master=1的从库非常有用，这样确保这个从库一定能成为最新的master master_binlog_dir=/data/mysql/ #指定二进制日志存放的目录,mha4mysql-manager-0.58必须指定,之前版本不需要指定 [server1] hostname=10.0.0.8 candidate_master=1 [server2] hostname=10.0.0.18 [server3] hostname=10.0.0.28 candidate_master=1 #设置为优先候选master，即使不是集群中事件最新的slave,也会优先当master
5.制作相关脚本
#发送邮件脚本 [root@mha-manager ~]# cat /usr/local/bin/sendmail.sh #!/bin/bash # #******************************************************************** #Author: llliuhuiii #QQ: 1694993508 #Date: 2020-10-15 #FileName： /usr/local/bin/sendmail.sh #Description： The test script #Copyright (C): 2020 All rights reserved #******************************************************************** echo "MySQL is down" | mail -s "MHA Warning" 1694993508@qq.com [root@mha-manager ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/sendmail.sh #实现浮动IP即vip脚本 [root@mha-manager ~]# cat /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover #!/usr/bin/env perl use strict; use warnings FATAL => 'all'; use Getopt::Long; my ( $command, $ssh_user, $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip, $orig_master_port, $new_master_host, $new_master_ip, $new_master_port ); my $vip = '10.0.0.100/24'; my $gateway = '10.0.0.2'; my $interface = 'eth0'; my $key = "1"; my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig $interface:$key $vip;/sbin/arping -I $interface -c 3 -s $vip $gateway >/dev/null 2>&1"; my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig $interface:$key down"; GetOptions( 'command=s' => $command, 'ssh_user=s' => $ssh_user, 'orig_master_host=s' => $orig_master_host, 'orig_master_ip=s' => $orig_master_ip, 'orig_master_port=i' => $orig_master_port, 'new_master_host=s' => $new_master_host, 'new_master_ip=s' => $new_master_ip, 'new_master_port=i' => $new_master_port, ); exit &main(); sub main { print " IN SCRIPT TEST====$ssh_stop_vip==$ssh_start_vip=== "; if ( $command eq "stop" || $command eq "stopssh" ) { # $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip, $orig_master_port are passed. # If you manage master ip address at global catalog database, # invalidate orig_master_ip here. my $exit_code = 1; eval { print "Disabling the VIP on old master: $orig_master_host "; &stop_vip(); $exit_code = 0; }; if ($@) { warn "Got Error: $@ "; exit $exit_code; } exit $exit_code; } elsif ( $command eq "start" ) { # all arguments are passed. # If you manage master ip address at global catalog database, # activate new_master_ip here. # You can also grant write access (create user, set read_only=0, etc) here. my $exit_code = 10; eval { print "Enabling the VIP - $vip on the new master - $new_master_host "; &start_vip(); $exit_code = 0; }; if ($@) { warn $@; exit $exit_code; } exit $exit_code; } elsif ( $command eq "status" ) { print "Checking the Status of the script.. OK "; `ssh $ssh_user@$orig_master_host " $ssh_start_vip "`; exit 0; } else { &usage(); exit 1; }} # A simple system call that enable the VIP on the new master sub start_vip() { `ssh $ssh_user@$new_master_host " $ssh_start_vip "`; } # A simple system call that disable the VIP on the old_master sub stop_vip() { `ssh $ssh_user@$orig_master_host " $ssh_stop_vip "`; } sub usage { print "Usage: master_ip_failover --command=start|stop|stopssh|status -- orig_master_host=host --orig_master_ip=ip --orig_master_port=port -- new_master_host=host --new_master_ip=ip --new_master_port=port "; } #脚本添加权限 [root@mha-manager ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover
6.配置master主服务器
#在master主机即8主机上安装mysql5.7 #通过脚本实现安装 [root@master ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg mha4mysql-node-0.58-0.el7.centos.noarch.rpm install_mysql5.7or8.0_for_centos.sh mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz [root@master ~]# bash mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 开始安装MySQL数据库... 创建mysql用户 [ OK ] Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 数据库安装完成 [ OK ] [root@master ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] server-id=1 log-bin=/data/mysql/mysql-bin skip_name_resolve=1 general_log #非必须项 [root@master ~]# service mysqld restart Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! [root@master ~]# mysql -pmagedu mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | mysql-bin.000001 | 154 | | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to repluser@'10.0.0.%' identified by 'magedu'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> grant all on *.* to mhauser@'10.0.0.%' identified by 'magedu'; #该授权用户用户名和密码要和配置文件指定的用户及密码相同 Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) #配置vip [root@master ~]# ifconfig eth0:1 10.0.0.100/24
7.配置slave从服务器
[root@slave1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] server-id=2 log-bin=/data/mysql/mysql-bin read-only relay_log_purge=0 #关闭清理中继日志，中继日志默认定期清理 skip_name_resolve=1 [root@slave1 ~]# service mysqld restart Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! [root@slave1 ~]# mysql -pmagedu mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO -> MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.8', -> MASTER_USER='repluser', -> MASTER_PASSWORD='magedu', -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', -> MASTER_LOG_POS=154; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec) mysql> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show slave statusG *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 10.0.0.8 Master_User: repluser Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 738 Relay_Log_File: slave1-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 904 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 738 Relay_Log_Space: 1112 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: 7cf1fff9-0ede-11eb-a71e-000c2915e43d Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0 Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: Master_TLS_Version: 1 row in set (0.00 sec) #同理配置从节点2即28主机 [root@slave2 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] server-id=3 log-bin=/data/mysql/mysql-bin read-only relay_log_purge=0 skip_name_resolve=1 [root@slave2 ~]# service mysqld restart Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! [root@slave2 ~]# mysql -pmagedu mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO -> MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.8', -> MASTER_USER='repluser', -> MASTER_PASSWORD='magedu', -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', -> MASTER_LOG_POS=154; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec) mysql> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show slave statusG *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 10.0.0.8 Master_User: repluser Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 738 Relay_Log_File: slave2-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 904 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 738 Relay_Log_Space: 1112 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: 7cf1fff9-0ede-11eb-a71e-000c2915e43d Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0 Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: Master_TLS_Version: 1 row in set (0.00 sec) #测试是否完成主从复制 #在主服务器8主机上创建数据库db1 mysql> create database db1; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) #查看从服务器即18，28主机是否实现同步 #18主机 mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | db1 | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) #28主机 mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | db1 | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
8.检查mha环境
#检查环境 #在mha服务器上执行以下命令 [root@mha-manager ~]# masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/mastermha/app1.cnf #检测ssh服务 [root@mha-manager ~]# masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/mastermha/app1.cnf #查看状态 [root@mha-manager ~]# masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/mastermha/app1.cnf app1 is stopped(2:NOT_RUNNING). #其中出现报错 Sat Oct 17 11:42:59 2020 - [error][/usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl/MHA/ManagerUtil.pm, ln122] Got error when getting node version. Error: Sat Oct 17 11:42:59 2020 - [error][/usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl/MHA/ManagerUtil.pm, ln123] bash: apply_diff_relay_logs: command not found Sat Oct 17 11:42:59 2020 - [error][/usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl/MHA/MasterMonitor.pm, ln135] Failed to get MHA node version on the current master even though current master is reachable via SSH! Sat Oct 17 11:42:59 2020 - [error][/usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl/MHA/MasterMonitor.pm, ln427] Error happened on checking configurations. at /usr/bin/masterha_check_repl line 48. Sat Oct 17 11:42:59 2020 - [error][/usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl/MHA/MasterMonitor.pm, ln525] Error happened on monitoring servers. Sat Oct 17 11:42:59 2020 - [info] Got exit code 1 (Not master dead). MySQL Replication Health is NOT OK! #原因为主服务器没有安装node包，在master服务器上安装node包 #再次进行检测显示检测成功 [root@mha-manager ~]# masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/mastermha/app1.cnf MySQL Replication Health is OK.
9.启动mha
#开启mha，默认是前台运行 [root@mha-manager ~]# masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mastermha/app1.cnf Thu Oct 15 20:47:48 2020 - [warning] Global configuration file /etc/masterha_default.cnf not found. Skipping. Thu Oct 15 20:47:48 2020 - [info] Reading application default configuration from /etc/mastermha/app1.cnf.. Thu Oct 15 20:47:48 2020 - [info] Reading server configuration from /etc/mastermha/app1.cnf.. #开启后台运行的方法： [root@mha-manager ~]# nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mastermha/app1.cnf &> /dev/null #再次查看状态 [root@mha-manager ~]# masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/mastermha/app1.cnf app1 (pid:3195) is running(0:PING_OK), master:10.0.0.8
10.测试mha功能
#在运行mha时，当主服务器down掉之后，从服务器会上台成为新的主节点，同时程序会退出，即一次性任务 #查看日志服务 [root@mha-manager ~]# tail /data/mastermha/app1/manager.log -w timeout : how long to wait for a reply -I device : which ethernet device to use -s source : source ip address destination : ask for what ip address Thu Oct 15 20:47:53 2020 - [info] OK. Thu Oct 15 20:47:53 2020 - [warning] shutdown_script is not defined. Thu Oct 15 20:47:53 2020 - [info] Set master ping interval 1 seconds. Thu Oct 15 20:47:53 2020 - [warning] secondary_check_script is not defined. It is highly recommended setting it to check master reachability from two or more routes. Thu Oct 15 20:47:53 2020 - [info] Starting ping health check on 10.0.0.8(10.0.0.8:3306).. Thu Oct 15 20:47:53 2020 - [info] Ping(SELECT) succeeded, waiting until MySQL doesn't respond.. #持续ping10.0.0.8服务器监控mha主服务器 #在主服务查看通用日志，可查看健康性检查 [root@master ~]# tail /data/mysql/master.log 2020-10-15T13:36:14.633551Z 11 Query SELECT 1 As Value 2020-10-15T13:36:15.634506Z 11 Query SELECT 1 As Value 2020-10-15T13:36:16.636821Z 11 Query SELECT 1 As Value 2020-10-15T13:36:17.637874Z 11 Query SELECT 1 As Value 2020-10-15T13:36:18.637664Z 11 Query SELECT 1 As Value 2020-10-15T13:36:19.638769Z 11 Query SELECT 1 As Value 2020-10-15T13:36:20.639872Z 11 Query SELECT 1 As Value #从服务器在配置文件中开启通用日志选项同样可以实现健康性检查
11.模拟故障实现主从迁移
#当master down机之后，mha会自动退出，属于一次性任务 #将master服务器进行断电源作为down机 [root@mha-manager ~]# masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mastermha/app1.cnf Fri Oct 16 20:03:58 2020 - [warning] Global configuration file /etc/masterha_default.cnf not found. Skipping. Fri Oct 16 20:03:58 2020 - [info] Reading application default configuration from /etc/mastermha/app1.cnf.. Fri Oct 16 20:03:58 2020 - [info] Reading server configuration from /etc/mastermha/app1.cnf.. Fri Oct 16 20:06:07 2020 - [warning] Global configuration file /etc/masterha_default.cnf not found. Skipping. Fri Oct 16 20:06:07 2020 - [info] Reading application default configuration from /etc/mastermha/app1.cnf.. Fri Oct 16 20:06:07 2020 - [info] Reading server configuration from /etc/mastermha/app1.cnf.. [root@mha-manager ~]# #mha自动退出 #查看日志信息 [root@mha-manager ~]# cat /data/mastermha/app1/manager.log Sat Oct 17 12:10:32 2020 - [info] Resetting slave info on the new master.. Sat Oct 17 12:10:32 2020 - [info] 10.0.0.28: Resetting slave info succeeded. Sat Oct 17 12:10:32 2020 - [info] Master failover to 10.0.0.28(10.0.0.28:3306) completed successfully. Sat Oct 17 12:10:32 2020 - [info] ----- Failover Report ----- app1: MySQL Master failover 10.0.0.8(10.0.0.8:3306) to 10.0.0.28(10.0.0.28:3306) succeeded Master 10.0.0.8(10.0.0.8:3306) is down! Check MHA Manager logs at mha-manager:/data/mastermha/app1/manager.log for details. Started automated(non-interactive) failover. Invalidated master IP address on 10.0.0.8(10.0.0.8:3306) The latest slave 10.0.0.18(10.0.0.18:3306) has all relay logs for recovery. Selected 10.0.0.28(10.0.0.28:3306) as a new master. 10.0.0.28(10.0.0.28:3306): OK: Applying all logs succeeded. 10.0.0.28(10.0.0.28:3306): OK: Activated master IP address. 10.0.0.18(10.0.0.18:3306): This host has the latest relay log events. Generating relay diff files from the latest slave succeeded. 10.0.0.18(10.0.0.18:3306): OK: Applying all logs succeeded. Slave started, replicating from 10.0.0.28(10.0.0.28:3306) 10.0.0.28(10.0.0.28:3306): Resetting slave info succeeded. Master failover to 10.0.0.28(10.0.0.28:3306) completed successfully. Sat Oct 17 12:10:32 2020 - [info] Sending mail.. #master服务器不再有vip地址 [root@master ~]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:15:e4:3d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.0.0.8/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe15:e43d/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever #vip地址漂移到slave2服务器上 [root@slave2 ~]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000 link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:ac:4b:1b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 10.0.0.28/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feac:4b1b/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
12.若要再次运行mha，需要删除下方文件
[root@mha-manager ~]# ls /data/mastermha/app1/app1.failover.complete -l -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Oct 17 12:10 /data/mastermha/app1/app1.failover.complete [root@mha-manager ~]# rm -f /data/mastermha/app1/app1.failover.complete
4、实战案例：Percona XtraDB Cluster(PXC 5.7）
1.环境准备
#os版本目前不支持centos8
[root@pxc1 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.7.1908 (Core)
#四台主机
pxc1:10.0.0.7
pxc2:10.0.0.17
pxc3:10.0.0.27
pxc4:10.0.0.37
#关闭防火墙和selinux，保证时间同步
#注意：如果已经安装了mysql，必须卸载
2.安装Percona XtraDB Cluster
#使用清华大学的yum源 [root@pxc1 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/pxc.repo [percona] name=percona_repo baseurl= https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/percona/release/$releasever/RPMS/$basearch enabled = 1 gpgcheck = 0 [root@pxc1 ~]# scp /etc/yum.repos.d/pxc.repo 10.0.0.17:/etc/yum.repos.d/ The authenticity of host '10.0.0.17 (10.0.0.17)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:nrjyrvmetwTeaxl0k3UYKfIjIMN6hnGWrchgCuCSSDA. ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:d9:f4:02:e9:e2:88:1c:f1:c7:cb:c7:c6:ac:7e:56:9a. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '10.0.0.17' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. root@10.0.0.17's password: pxc.repo 100% 150 153.4KB/s 00:00 [root@pxc1 ~]# scp /etc/yum.repos.d/pxc.repo 10.0.0.27:/etc/yum.repos.d/ The authenticity of host '10.0.0.27 (10.0.0.27)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:Wd51d+v6/JEz4dmV09QW1rwe3rdmk1IbggniV2SyQSs. ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:47:97:07:2a:cf:b7:2d:cb:3a:49:82:c3:ea:51:2b:a5. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '10.0.0.27' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. root@10.0.0.27's password: pxc.repo 100% 150 57.9KB/s 00:00 #在三个节点都安装pxc5.7 [root@pxc1 ~]# yum -y install Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-57 [root@pxc2 ~]# yum -y install Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-57 [root@pxc3 ~]# yum -y install Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-57
3.在各个节点配置mysql集群配置文件
#下面的配置文件修改节点编号 [root@pxc1 ~]# cat /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/mysqld.cnf # Template my.cnf for PXC # Edit to your requirements. [client] socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock [mysqld] server-id=1 #各个节点不要相同 datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid log-bin #建议启用二进制日志，非必须向 log_slave_updates expire_logs_days=7 # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 [root@pxc2 ~]# vim /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/mysqld.cnf [mysqld] server-id=2 [root@pxc3 ~]# vim /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/mysqld.cnf [mysqld] server-id=3 [root@pxc1 ~]# vim /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://10.0.0.7,10.0.0.17,10.0.0.27 wsrep_node_address=10.0.0.7 wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:s3cretPass" #将本行注释取消 [root@pxc1 ~]# grep -Ev "^#|^$" /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf [mysqld] wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera3/libgalera_smm.so wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://10.0.0.7,10.0.0.17,10.0.0.27 #三个节点的IP binlog_format=ROW default_storage_engine=InnoDB wsrep_slave_threads= 8 wsrep_log_conflicts innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2 wsrep_node_address=10.0.0.7 #各个节点，指定自己的IP wsrep_cluster_name=pxc-cluster wsrep_node_name=pxc-cluster-node-1 #各个节点，指定自己得节点名称 pxc_strict_mode=ENFORCING wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2 wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:s3cretPass" #取消本行注释 [root@pxc2 ~]# grep -Ev "^#|^$" /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf [mysqld] wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera3/libgalera_smm.so wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://10.0.0.7,10.0.0.17,10.0.0.27 binlog_format=ROW default_storage_engine=InnoDB wsrep_slave_threads= 8 wsrep_log_conflicts innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2 wsrep_cluster_name=pxc-cluster wsrep_node_name=pxc-cluster-node-2 pxc_strict_mode=ENFORCING wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2 wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:s3cretPass" [root@pxc3 ~]# grep -Ev "^#|^$" /etc/percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d/wsrep.cnf [mysqld] wsrep_provider=/usr/lib64/galera3/libgalera_smm.so wsrep_cluster_address=gcomm://10.0.0.7,10.0.0.17,10.0.0.27 binlog_format=ROW default_storage_engine=InnoDB wsrep_slave_threads= 8 wsrep_log_conflicts innodb_autoinc_lock_mode=2 wsrep_node_address=10.0.0.27 wsrep_cluster_name=pxc-cluster wsrep_node_name=pxc-cluster-node-3 pxc_strict_mode=ENFORCING wsrep_sst_method=xtrabackup-v2 wsrep_sst_auth="sstuser:s3cretPass" #注意：尽管Galera Cluster不再需要通过binlog的形式进行同步，但还是建议在配置文件中开启二进制日志功能，原因是后期如果有新节点需要加入，老节点通过SST全量传输的方式向新节点传输数据，很可能会拖垮集群性能，所以让新节点先通过binlog方式完成同步后再加入集群会是一种更好的选择
4.启动pxc集群中的第一个节点
[root@pxc1 ~]# ss -ntlu Netid State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port tcp LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* tcp LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:* tcp LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* #启动第一个节点 [root@pxc1 ~]# systemctl start mysql@bootstrap.service [root@pxc1 ~]# ss -ntul Netid State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:4567 *:* tcp LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* tcp LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:* tcp LISTEN 0 80 [::]:3306 [::]:* tcp LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* #查看root密码 [root@pxc1 ~]# grep "temporary password" /var/log/mysqld.log 2020-10-17T06:55:55.852483Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: sumajCl/G7LH #用随机一次性密码登录 [root@pxc1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'sumajCl/G7LH' #登陆之后修改密码 mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'magedu'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) #创建相关用户并授权 mysql> create user 'sstuser'@'localhost' identified by 's3cretPass'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> grant reload, lock tables, process, replication client on *.* to 'sstuser'@'localhost'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) #查看相关变量 mysql> show variables like 'wsrep%'G *************************** 1. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_OSU_method Value: TOI *************************** 2. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_RSU_commit_timeout Value: 5000 *************************** 3. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_auto_increment_control Value: ON *************************** 4. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_causal_reads Value: OFF *************************** 5. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_certification_rules Value: strict *************************** 6. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_certify_nonPK Value: ON *************************** 7. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_cluster_address Value: gcomm://10.0.0.7,10.0.0.17,10.0.0.27 *************************** 8. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_cluster_name Value: pxc-cluster *************************** 9. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_convert_LOCK_to_trx Value: OFF *************************** 10. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_data_home_dir Value: /var/lib/mysql/ *************************** 11. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_dbug_option Value: *************************** 12. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_debug Value: OFF *************************** 13. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_desync Value: OFF *************************** 14. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_dirty_reads Value: OFF *************************** 15. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_drupal_282555_workaround Value: OFF *************************** 16. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_forced_binlog_format Value: NONE *************************** 17. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_load_data_splitting Value: ON *************************** 18. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_log_conflicts Value: ON *************************** 19. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_max_ws_rows Value: 0 *************************** 20. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_max_ws_size Value: 2147483647 *************************** 21. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_node_address Value: 10.0.0.7 *************************** 22. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_node_incoming_address Value: AUTO *************************** 23. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_node_name Value: pxc-cluster-node-1 *************************** 24. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_notify_cmd Value: *************************** 25. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_on Value: ON *************************** 26. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_preordered Value: OFF *************************** 27. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_provider Value: /usr/lib64/galera3/libgalera_smm.so *************************** 28. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_provider_options Value: base_dir = /var/lib/mysql/; base_host = 10.0.0.7; base_port = 4567; cert.log_conflicts = no; cert.optimistic_pa = yes; debug = no; evs.auto_evict = 0; evs.causal_keepalive_period = PT1S; evs.debug_log_mask = 0x1; evs.delay_margin = PT1S; evs.delayed_keep_period = PT30S; evs.inactive_check_period = PT0.5S; evs.inactive_timeout = PT15S; evs.info_log_mask = 0; evs.install_timeout = PT7.5S; evs.join_retrans_period = PT1S; evs.keepalive_period = PT1S; evs.max_install_timeouts = 3; evs.send_window = 10; evs.stats_report_period = PT1M; evs.suspect_timeout = PT5S; evs.use_aggregate = true; evs.user_send_window = 4; evs.version = 0; evs.view_forget_timeout = P1D; gcache.dir = /var/lib/mysql/; gcache.freeze_purge_at_seqno = -1; gcache.keep_pages_count = 0; gcache.keep_pages_size = 0; gcache.mem_size = 0; gcache.name = /var/lib/mysql//galera.cache; gcache.page_size = 128M; gcache.recover = no; gcache.size = 128M; gcomm.thread_prio = ; gcs.fc_debug = 0; gcs.fc_factor = 1; gcs.fc_limit = 100; gcs.fc_master_slave = no; gcs *************************** 29. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_recover Value: OFF *************************** 30. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_reject_queries Value: NONE *************************** 31. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_replicate_myisam Value: OFF *************************** 32. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_restart_slave Value: OFF *************************** 33. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_retry_autocommit Value: 1 *************************** 34. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_slave_FK_checks Value: ON *************************** 35. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_slave_UK_checks Value: OFF *************************** 36. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_slave_threads Value: 8 *************************** 37. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_sst_auth Value: ******** *************************** 38. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_sst_donor Value: *************************** 39. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_sst_donor_rejects_queries Value: OFF *************************** 40. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_sst_method Value: xtrabackup-v2 *************************** 41. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_sst_receive_address Value: AUTO *************************** 42. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_start_position Value: 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000:-1 *************************** 43. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_sync_wait Value: 0 43 rows in set (0.00 sec) #查看相关状态变量 mysql> show status like 'wsrep%'G *************************** 1. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_local_state_uuid Value: d2b19083-1045-11eb-a093-d33276afa751 *************************** 2. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_protocol_version Value: 9 *************************** 3. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_last_applied Value: 3 *************************** 4. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_last_committed Value: 3 *************************** 5. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_replicated Value: 3 *************************** 6. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_replicated_bytes Value: 760 *************************** 7. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_repl_keys Value: 3 *************************** 8. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_repl_keys_bytes Value: 96 *************************** 9. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_repl_data_bytes Value: 459 *************************** 10. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_repl_other_bytes Value: 0 *************************** 11. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_received Value: 2 *************************** 12. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_received_bytes Value: 150 *************************** 13. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_local_commits Value: 0 *************************** 14. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_local_cert_failures Value: 0 *************************** 15. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_local_replays Value: 0 *************************** 16. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_local_send_queue Value: 0 *************************** 17. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_local_send_queue_max Value: 1 *************************** 18. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_local_send_queue_min Value: 0 *************************** 19. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_local_send_queue_avg Value: 0.000000 *************************** 20. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_local_recv_queue Value: 0 *************************** 21. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_local_recv_queue_max Value: 2 *************************** 22. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_local_recv_queue_min Value: 0 *************************** 23. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_local_recv_queue_avg Value: 0.500000 *************************** 24. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_local_cached_downto Value: 1 *************************** 25. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_flow_control_paused_ns Value: 0 *************************** 26. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_flow_control_paused Value: 0.000000 *************************** 27. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_flow_control_sent Value: 0 *************************** 28. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_flow_control_recv Value: 0 *************************** 29. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_flow_control_interval Value: [ 100, 100 ] *************************** 30. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_flow_control_interval_low Value: 100 *************************** 31. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_flow_control_interval_high Value: 100 *************************** 32. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_flow_control_status Value: OFF *************************** 33. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_cert_deps_distance Value: 1.000000 *************************** 34. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_apply_oooe Value: 0.000000 *************************** 35. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_apply_oool Value: 0.000000 *************************** 36. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_apply_window Value: 1.000000 *************************** 37. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_commit_oooe Value: 0.000000 *************************** 38. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_commit_oool Value: 0.000000 *************************** 39. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_commit_window Value: 1.000000 *************************** 40. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_local_state Value: 4 *************************** 41. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_local_state_comment Value: Synced *************************** 42. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_cert_index_size Value: 1 *************************** 43. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_cert_bucket_count Value: 22 *************************** 44. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_gcache_pool_size Value: 2200 *************************** 45. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_causal_reads Value: 0 *************************** 46. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_cert_interval Value: 0.000000 *************************** 47. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_open_transactions Value: 0 *************************** 48. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_open_connections Value: 0 *************************** 49. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_ist_receive_status Value: *************************** 50. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_start Value: 0 *************************** 51. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_current Value: 0 *************************** 52. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_end Value: 0 *************************** 53. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_incoming_addresses Value: 10.0.0.7:3306 *************************** 54. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_cluster_weight Value: 1 *************************** 55. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_desync_count Value: 0 *************************** 56. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_evs_delayed Value: *************************** 57. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_evs_evict_list Value: *************************** 58. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_evs_repl_latency Value: 0/0/0/0/0 *************************** 59. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_evs_state Value: OPERATIONAL *************************** 60. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_gcomm_uuid Value: d2b120b0-1045-11eb-a6db-46ea8c26d5e8 *************************** 61. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_cluster_conf_id Value: 1 *************************** 62. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_cluster_size Value: 1 *************************** 63. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_cluster_state_uuid Value: d2b19083-1045-11eb-a093-d33276afa751 *************************** 64. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_cluster_status Value: Primary *************************** 65. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_connected Value: ON *************************** 66. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_local_bf_aborts Value: 0 *************************** 67. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_local_index Value: 0 *************************** 68. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_provider_name Value: Galera *************************** 69. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_provider_vendor Value: Codership Oy <info@codership.com> *************************** 70. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_provider_version Value: 3.45(ra60e019) *************************** 71. row *************************** Variable_name: wsrep_ready Value: ON 71 rows in set (0.00 sec) #查看状态，重点关注 mysql> show status like 'wsrep%'; +----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | wsrep_local_state_uuid | d2b19083-1045-11eb-a093-d33276afa751 | | wsrep_protocol_version | 9 | | wsrep_last_applied | 3 | | wsrep_last_committed | 3 | | wsrep_replicated | 3 | | wsrep_replicated_bytes | 760 | | wsrep_repl_keys | 3 | | wsrep_repl_keys_bytes | 96 | | wsrep_repl_data_bytes | 459 | | wsrep_repl_other_bytes | 0 | | wsrep_received | 2 | | wsrep_received_bytes | 150 | | wsrep_local_commits | 0 | | wsrep_local_cert_failures | 0 | | wsrep_local_replays | 0 | | wsrep_local_send_queue | 0 | | wsrep_local_send_queue_max | 1 | | wsrep_local_send_queue_min | 0 | | wsrep_local_send_queue_avg | 0.000000 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue | 0 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue_max | 2 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue_min | 0 | | wsrep_local_recv_queue_avg | 0.500000 | | wsrep_local_cached_downto | 1 | | wsrep_flow_control_paused_ns | 0 | | wsrep_flow_control_paused | 0.000000 | | wsrep_flow_control_sent | 0 | | wsrep_flow_control_recv | 0 | | wsrep_flow_control_interval | [ 100, 100 ] | | wsrep_flow_control_interval_low | 100 | | wsrep_flow_control_interval_high | 100 | | wsrep_flow_control_status | OFF | | wsrep_cert_deps_distance | 1.000000 | | wsrep_apply_oooe | 0.000000 | | wsrep_apply_oool | 0.000000 | | wsrep_apply_window | 1.000000 | | wsrep_commit_oooe | 0.000000 | | wsrep_commit_oool | 0.000000 | | wsrep_commit_window | 1.000000 | | wsrep_local_state | 4 |#数据同步完成 | wsrep_local_state_comment | Synced | | wsrep_cert_index_size | 1 |#该集群只有1个节点 | wsrep_cert_bucket_count | 22 | | wsrep_gcache_pool_size | 2200 | | wsrep_causal_reads | 0 | | wsrep_cert_interval | 0.000000 | | wsrep_open_transactions | 0 | | wsrep_open_connections | 0 | | wsrep_ist_receive_status | | | wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_start | 0 | | wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_current | 0 | | wsrep_ist_receive_seqno_end | 0 | | wsrep_incoming_addresses | 10.0.0.7:3306 | | wsrep_cluster_weight | 1 | | wsrep_desync_count | 0 | | wsrep_evs_delayed | | | wsrep_evs_evict_list | | | wsrep_evs_repl_latency | 0/0/0/0/0 | | wsrep_evs_state | OPERATIONAL | | wsrep_gcomm_uuid | d2b120b0-1045-11eb-a6db-46ea8c26d5e8 | | wsrep_cluster_conf_id | 1 | | wsrep_cluster_size | 1 | | wsrep_cluster_state_uuid | d2b19083-1045-11eb-a093-d33276afa751 | | wsrep_cluster_status | Primary | #完全连接状态 | wsrep_connected | ON | | wsrep_local_bf_aborts | 0 | | wsrep_local_index | 0 | | wsrep_provider_name | Galera | | wsrep_provider_vendor | Codership Oy <info@codership.com> | | wsrep_provider_version | 3.45(ra60e019) | | wsrep_ready | ON | +----------------------------------+--------------------------------------+ 71 rows in set (0.00 sec) #说明： #wsrep_cluster_size表示，该Galera集群中只有一个节点 #wsrep_local_state_comment 状态为Synced(4)，表示数据已同步完成(因为是第一个引导节点，无数据需要同步)。 如果状态是Joiner, 意味着 SST 没有完成. 只有所有节点状态是Synced，才可以加新节点 #wsrep_cluster_status为Primary，且已经完全连接并准备好
5.启用集群其他所有节点
[root@pxc2 ~]# ss -ntul Netid State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port tcp LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* tcp LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:* tcp LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* [root@pxc2 ~]# systemctl start mysql [root@pxc2 ~]# ss -ntlu Netid State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:4567 *:* tcp LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* tcp LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:* tcp LISTEN 0 80 [::]:3306 [::]:* tcp LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:* [root@pxc3 ~]# systemctl start mysql
5、通过 ansible 部署二进制 mysql 8
#实现部署需要准备的文件 [root@centos8 ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg install_mysql.yml my.cnf mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz ssh_key.sh #通过epel源下载ansible [root@centos8 ~]#yum -y install ansible #编辑配置文件 [root@centos8 ~]# vim /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg log_path = /var/log/ansible.log #取消注释，启用日志 [root@centos8 ~]# vim /etc/ansible/hosts [dbsrvs] 10.0.0.8 ansible_connection=local 10.0.0.18 10.0.0.7 #实现基于key验证 #ansible的实现基于ssh连接，可通过基于key验证避免每次运行时的询问 [root@centos8 ~]# vim ssh_key.sh #!/bin/bash IPLIST=" 10.0.0.8 10.0.0.18 10.0.0.7" rpm -q sshpass &> /dev/null || yum -y install sshpass [ -f /root/.ssh/id_rsa ]|| ssh-keygen -f /root/.ssh/id_rsa -P '' export SSHPASS=1123 for IP in $IPLIST;do sshpass -e ssh-copy-id -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no $IP done [root@centos8 ~]# bash ssh_key.sh #运行完脚本克通过ssh远程连接主机进行测试是否实现基于key验证 #准备配置文件my.cnf [root@centos8 ~]# vim my.cnf [mysqld] socket=/tmp/mysql.sock user=mysql symbolic-links=0 datadir=/data/mysql innodb_file_per_table=1 log-bin pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid [client] port=3306 socket=/tmp/mysql.sock [mysqld_safe] log-error=/data/mysql/mysqld.log #编辑playbook文件实现ansible完成部署二进制数据库 [root@centos8 ~]# vim install_mysql.yml --- # install mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz - hosts: dbsrvs remote_user: root gather_facts: no tasks: - name: 下载安装包 yum: name=libaio,numactl-libs - name: 创建组 group: name=mysql gid=306 - name: 创建用户 user: name=mysql uid=306 group=mysql shell=/sbin/nologin system=yes create_home=no home=/data/mysql - name: 对压缩文件解压缩 unarchive: src=/root/mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz dest=/usr/local/ owner=root group=root - name: 创建软连接 file: src=/usr/local/mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 dest=/usr/local/mysql state=link - name: 添加变量 copy: content='PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' dest=/etc/profile.d/mysql.sh - name: 执行变量 shell: source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh - name: 拷贝配置文件 copy: src=/root/my.cnf dest=/etc/my.cnf - name: 生成数据库文件 shell: /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql - name: 准备server文件 shell: /bin/cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld - name: 启动服务 shell: chkconfig --add mysqld;service mysqld restart
#检测语法有没有错误 [root@centos8 ~]# ansible-playbook install_mysql.yml --syntax-check playbook: install_mysql.yml [root@centos8 ~]# ansible-playbook install_mysql.yml --check #只检测,不执行 #执行ansible [root@centos8 ~]# ansible-playbook install_mysql.yml #由于安装数据库使用的生成数据库文件是会生成随机一次性口令，登录数据库需要使用该口令，口令可通过查看日志文件/data/mysql/mysql.log文件查看 #可通过mysqladmin修改口令密码 mysqladmin -uroot -p'yEfKftgil1<e' password 1123