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  • Android MineType

    概述

    多用途互联网邮件扩展(MIME,Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions)是一个互联网标准,它扩展了电子邮件标准,使其能够支持非ASCII字符、二进制格式附件等多种格式的邮件消息。

    内容类型(Content-Type),这个头部领域用于指定消息的类型。一般以下面的形式出现:[type]/[subtype]

    type有下面的形式:

    Text:用于标准化地表示的文本信息,文本消息可以是多种字符集和或者多种格式的;
    Multipart:用于连接消息体的多个部分构成一个消息,这些部分可以是不同类型的数据;
    Application:用于传输应用程序数据或者二进制数据;
    Message:用于包装一个E-mail消息;
    Image:用于传输静态图片数据;
    Audio:用于传输音频或者音声数据;
    Video:用于传输动态影像数据,可以是与音频编辑在一起的视频数据格式。

    subtype用于指定type的详细形式。content-type/subtype配对的集合和与此相关的参数,将随着时间而增长。为了确保这些值在一个有序而且公开的状态下开发,MIME使用Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)作为中心的注册机制来管理这些值。

    常用的subtype值如下所示:

    text/plain(纯文本)
    text/html(HTML文档)
    application/xhtml+xml(XHTML文档)
    image/gif(GIF图像)
    image/jpeg(JPEG图像)【PHP中为:image/pjpeg】
    image/png(PNG图像)【PHP中为:image/x-png】
    video/mpeg(MPEG动画)
    application/octet-stream(任意的二进制数据)
    application/pdf(PDF文档)
    application/msword(Microsoft Word文件)
    message/rfc822(RFC 822形式)
    multipart/alternative(HTML邮件的HTML形式和纯文本形式,相同内容使用不同形式表示)
    application/x-www-form-urlencoded(使用HTTP的POST方法提交的表单)
    multipart/form-data(同上,但主要用于表单提交时伴随文件上传的场合)


    Android中MimeType的用途

    Intent-Filter中的<data>有一个mimeType . 它的作用是告诉Android系统本Activity可以处理的文件的类型。如设置为 “text/plain”表示可以处理“.txt”文件。

    MimeTypeMap类:是专门处理mimeType的类。

    package android.webkit;
    
    import android.text.TextUtils;
    import java.util.regex.Pattern;
    import libcore.net.MimeUtils;
    
    public class MimeTypeMap {
        private static final MimeTypeMap sMimeTypeMap = new MimeTypeMap();
    
        private MimeTypeMap() {
        }
    
        public static String getFileExtensionFromUrl(String url) {
            if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(url)) {
                int fragment = url.lastIndexOf('#');
                if (fragment > 0) {
                    url = url.substring(0, fragment);
                }
    
                int query = url.lastIndexOf('?');
                if (query > 0) {
                    url = url.substring(0, query);
                }
    
                int filenamePos = url.lastIndexOf('/');
                String filename =
                    0 <= filenamePos ? url.substring(filenamePos + 1) : url;
    
                    if (!filename.isEmpty() &&
                    Pattern.matches("[a-zA-Z_0-9\.\-\(\)\%]+", filename)) {
                    int dotPos = filename.lastIndexOf('.');
                    if (0 <= dotPos) {
                        return filename.substring(dotPos + 1);
                    }
                }
            }
    
            return "";
        }
    
        public boolean hasMimeType(String mimeType) {
            return MimeUtils.hasMimeType(mimeType);
        }
    
       
        public String getMimeTypeFromExtension(String extension) {
            return MimeUtils.guessMimeTypeFromExtension(extension);
        }
    
           private static String mimeTypeFromExtension(String extension) {
            return MimeUtils.guessMimeTypeFromExtension(extension);
        }
    
        public boolean hasExtension(String extension) {
            return MimeUtils.hasExtension(extension);
        }
    
        public String getExtensionFromMimeType(String mimeType) {
            return MimeUtils.guessExtensionFromMimeType(mimeType);
        }
    
        /* package */ String remapGenericMimeType(String mimeType, String url,
                String contentDisposition) {
    
            if ("text/plain".equals(mimeType) ||
    
                String filename = null;
                if (contentDisposition != null) {
                    filename = URLUtil.parseContentDisposition(contentDisposition);
                }
                if (filename != null) {
                    url = filename;
                }
                String extension = getFileExtensionFromUrl(url);
                String newMimeType = getMimeTypeFromExtension(extension);
                if (newMimeType != null) {
                    mimeType = newMimeType;
                }
            } else if ("text/vnd.wap.wml".equals(mimeType)) {
    
                mimeType = "text/plain";
            } else {
                    if ("application/vnd.wap.xhtml+xml".equals(mimeType)) {
                    mimeType = "application/xhtml+xml";
                }
            }
            return mimeType;
        }
    
        public static MimeTypeMap getSingleton() {
            return sMimeTypeMap;
        }
    }
    

     MimeTypeMap类是单例模式的,既没有公有的构造方法。使用getSinglton()方法获得MimeTypeMap对象:

    示例代码一:

    MimeTypeMap mimeTypeMap = MimeTypeMap.getSingleton();
    //MimeTypeMap中是否有txt的MimeType
    System.out.println(mimeTypeMap.hasExtension("txt"));
    System.out.println(mimeTypeMap.hasMimeType("text/html"));
    //获得txt文件类型的MimeType
    String extension = mimeTypeMap.getMimeTypeFromExtension("txt");
    System.out.println(extension);
    

     示例代码二:

    private String getMIMEType(File file)
    
    {
    
        String type = "*";
    
        String end = file.getName().substring(dotIndex, file.getName().length()).toLowerCase();
    
        if (end == "")
            return type;
    
        //在MIME和文件类型的匹配表中找到对应的MIME类型。 
    
        for (int i = 0; i < MIME_MapTable.length; i++) {
    
            if (end.equals(MIME_MapTable[i][0]))
    
                type = MIME_MapTable[i][1];
    
        }
    
        return type;
    
    }
    
    
    
    private void openFile(File file) {
    
        //Uri uri = Uri.parse("file://"+file.getAbsolutePath()); 
    
        Intent intent = new Intent();
    
        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
    
        //设置intent的Action属性 
    
        intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
    
        //获取文件file的MIME类型 
    
        String type = getMIMEType(file);
    
        //设置intent的data和Type属性。 
    
        intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(file), type);
    
        //跳转 
    
        startActivity(intent);
    
    }
    
    private final String[][] MIME_MapTable = {
    
            //{后缀名, MIME类型} 
    
            {".3gp", "video/3gpp"},
    
            {".apk", "application/vnd.android.package-archive"},
    
            {".asf", "video/x-ms-asf"},
    
            {".avi", "video/x-msvideo"},
    
            {".bin", "application/octet-stream"},
    
            {".bmp", "image/bmp"},
    
            {".c", "text/plain"},
    
            {".class", "application/octet-stream"},
    
            {".conf", "text/plain"},
    
            {".cpp", "text/plain"},
    
            {".doc", "application/msword"},
    
            {".exe", "application/octet-stream"},
    
            {".gif", "image/gif"},
    
            {".gtar", "application/x-gtar"},
    
            {".gz", "application/x-gzip"},
    
            {".h", "text/plain"},
    
            {".htm", "text/html"},
    
            {".html", "text/html"},
    
            {".jar", "application/java-archive"},
    
            {".java", "text/plain"},
    
            {".jpeg", "image/jpeg"},
    
            {".jpg", "image/jpeg"},
    
            {".js", "application/x-javascript"},
    
            {".log", "text/plain"},
    
            {".m3u", "audio/x-mpegurl"},
    
            {".m4a", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
    
            {".m4b", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
    
            {".m4p", "audio/mp4a-latm"},
    
            {".m4u", "video/vnd.mpegurl"},
    
            {".m4v", "video/x-m4v"},
    
            {".mov", "video/quicktime"},
    
            {".mp2", "audio/x-mpeg"},
    
            {".mp3", "audio/x-mpeg"},
    
            {".mp4", "video/mp4"},
    
            {".mpc", "application/vnd.mpohun.certificate"},
    
            {".mpe", "video/mpeg"},
    
            {".mpeg", "video/mpeg"},
    
            {".mpg", "video/mpeg"},
    
            {".mpg4", "video/mp4"},
    
            {".mpga", "audio/mpeg"},
    
            {".msg", "application/vnd.ms-outlook"},
    
            {".ogg", "audio/ogg"},
    
            {".pdf", "application/pdf"},
    
            {".png", "image/png"},
    
            {".pps", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
    
            {".ppt", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"},
    
            {".prop", "text/plain"},
    
            {".rar", "application/x-rar-compressed"},
    
            {".rc", "text/plain"},
    
            {".rmvb", "audio/x-pn-realaudio"},
    
            {".rtf", "application/rtf"},
    
            {".sh", "text/plain"},
    
            {".tar", "application/x-tar"},
    
            {".tgz", "application/x-compressed"},
    
            {".txt", "text/plain"},
    
            {".wav", "audio/x-wav"},
    
            {".wma", "audio/x-ms-wma"},
    
            {".wmv", "audio/x-ms-wmv"},
    
            {".wps", "application/vnd.ms-works"},
    
            //{".xml", "text/xml"}, 
    
            {".xml", "text/plain"},
    
            {".z", "application/x-compress"},
    
            {".zip", "application/zip"},
    
            {"", "*/*"}
    
    };
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/loaderman/p/6426435.html
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