PyCharm+Scrapy爬取安居客楼盘信息

一、说明

1.1 开发环境说明

开发环境--PyCharm

爬虫框架--Scrapy

开发语言--Python 3.6

安装第三方库--Scrapy、pymysql、matplotlib

数据库--MySQL-5.5（监听地址--127.0.0.1:3306，用户名--root，密码--root，数据库--anjuke）

1.2 程序简要说明

本程序以安居客-深圳为例，其他城市使用的是一样的结构爬取其他程序基本修改start_urls和rules中的url即可移植

本程序实现安居客新楼盘和二手房的信息爬取，还存在一些小问题，但算基本可用

程序的总体思路是：使用CrawlSpider爬虫----从start_urls开始爬行----爬行到的url如果符合某个rule就会自动调用回调函数----回调函数使用xpath解析和获取楼盘信息item----pipe将传过来的item写入数据库--report脚本从数据库中读出数据生成图表

新楼盘和二手房爬取的区别是，新楼盘没有反爬虫机制。二手房一是限制了访问频率，如果超过某个频率就需要输入验证码才能访问（我这里通过限制5秒发一个请求进行处理），二是二手房信息页面经过javascript处理，禁用javascript时信息处理div[4]启用javascript时信息被移动到div[3]，scrapy默认是不运行javascript的所以需要使用禁用javascript时的路径才能获取信息。

项目源码已上传github：https://github.com/PrettyUp/Anjuke

二、创建数据库表结构

sql创建代码：

# Host: localhost  (Version: 5.5.53)
# Date: 2018-06-06 18:27:08
# Generator: MySQL-Front 5.3  (Build 4.234)

/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;

#
# Structure for table "sz_loupan_info"
#

CREATE TABLE `sz_loupan_info` (
  `loupan_name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `loupan_status` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `loupan_price` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `loupan_discount` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `loupan_layout` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `loupan_location` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `loupan_opening` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `loupan_transfer` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `loupan_type` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `loupan_age` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `loupan_url` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC;

#
# Structure for table "sz_sh_house_info"
#

CREATE TABLE `sz_sh_house_info` (
  `house_title` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `house_cost` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `house_code` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `house_public_time` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `house_community` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `house_location` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `house_build_years` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `house_kind` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `house_layout` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `house_size` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `house_face_to` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `house_point` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `house_price` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `house_first_pay` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `house_month_pay` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `house_decorate_type` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `house_agent` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `house_agency` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  `house_url` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

三、程序实现

3.1 使用scrapy创建项目

打开cmd，切换到PyCharm工程目录，执行：

scrapy startproject Anjuke

3.2 使用pycharm打开项目并安装好所需的第三方库

直接在pycharm中安装scrapy、pymysql和matplotlib（其他依赖库会自动安装）；另外注意，安装scrapy安成后复制一份cmdline.py到项目主目录下

3.3 创建程序所需文件

anjuke_sz_spider.py----楼盘信息爬取脚本

anjuke_sz_sh_spider.py----二手房信息爬取脚本

anjuke_sz_report.py----楼盘信息报告图表生成脚本

anjuke_sz_sh_report.py----二手房信息报告图表生成脚本

项目目录结构如下：

3.4 配置好scrapy调试运行环境

为anjuke_sz_sider.py和anjuke_sz_sh_spider.py配置好运行参数

3.5 各文件实现

settings.py

BOT_NAME = 'Anjuke'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['Anjuke.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'Anjuke.spiders'
USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:59.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/59.0'
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False
DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 5
COOKIES_ENABLED = False
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
    'Anjuke.pipelines.AnjukeSZPipeline': 300,
    'Anjuke.pipelines.AnjukeSZSHPipeline': 300,
}

 items.py

import scrapy

class AnjukeSZItem(scrapy.Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    # name = scrapy.Field()
    loupan_id = scrapy.Field()
    loupan_name = scrapy.Field()
    loupan_status = scrapy.Field()
    loupan_price = scrapy.Field()
    loupan_discount = scrapy.Field()
    loupan_layout = scrapy.Field()
    loupan_location = scrapy.Field()
    loupan_opening = scrapy.Field()
    loupan_transfer = scrapy.Field()
    loupan_type = scrapy.Field()
    loupan_age = scrapy.Field()
    loupan_url = scrapy.Field()

class AnjukeSZSHItem(scrapy.Item):
    house_title = scrapy.Field()
    house_cost = scrapy.Field()
    house_code = scrapy.Field()
    house_public_time = scrapy.Field()
    house_community = scrapy.Field()
    house_location = scrapy.Field()
    house_build_years = scrapy.Field()
    house_kind = scrapy.Field()
    house_layout = scrapy.Field()
    house_size = scrapy.Field()
    house_face_to = scrapy.Field()
    house_point = scrapy.Field()
    house_price = scrapy.Field()
    house_first_pay = scrapy.Field()
    house_month_pay = scrapy.Field()
    house_decorate_type = scrapy.Field()
    house_agent = scrapy.Field()
    house_agency = scrapy.Field()
    house_url = scrapy.Field()

 pipelines.py

import pymysql

class AnjukeSZPipeline(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.db = pymysql.connect("localhost", "root", "root", "anjuke", charset="utf8")
        self.cursor = self.db.cursor()

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        sql = "insert into sz_loupan_info(loupan_name,loupan_status,loupan_price,loupan_discount,loupan_layout,loupan_location,loupan_opening,loupan_transfer,loupan_type,loupan_age,loupan_url)
               values('%s','%s','%d','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s')"
               %(item['loupan_name'],item['loupan_status'],int(item['loupan_price']),item['loupan_discount'],item['loupan_layout'],item['loupan_location'], 
                 item['loupan_opening'],item['loupan_transfer'],item['loupan_type'],item['loupan_age'],item['loupan_url'])
        self.cursor.execute(sql)
        self.db.commit()
        return item

    def __del__(self):
        self.db.close()


class AnjukeSZSHPipeline(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.db = pymysql.connect("localhost", "root", "root", "anjuke", charset="utf8")
        self.cursor = self.db.cursor()

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        sql = "insert into sz_sh_house_info(house_title,house_cost,house_code,house_public_time,house_community,house_location,house_build_years,house_kind,house_layout,house_size,
               house_face_to,house_point,house_price,house_first_pay,house_month_pay,house_decorate_type,house_agent,house_agency,house_url)
               values('%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s')"
               %(item['house_title'],item['house_cost'],item['house_code'],item['house_public_time'],item['house_community'],item['house_location'],
                 item['house_build_years'],item['house_kind'], item['house_layout'],item['house_size'],item['house_face_to'],item['house_point'],item['house_price'],
                 item['house_first_pay'],item['house_month_pay'],item['house_decorate_type'],item['house_agent'],item['house_agency'],item['house_url'])
        self.cursor.execute(sql)
        self.db.commit()
        return item

    def __del__(self):
        self.db.close()

anjuke_sz_spider.py

import scrapy
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.spiders import Rule
from Anjuke.items import AnjukeSZItem

class AnjukeSpider(scrapy.spiders.CrawlSpider):
    name = 'anjuke_sz'

    allow_domains = ["anjuke.com"]

    start_urls = [
        'https://sz.fang.anjuke.com/loupan/all/p1/',
    ]

    rules = [
        Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=("https://sz.fang.anjuke.com/loupan/all/pd{1,}"))),
        Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=("https://sz.fang.anjuke.com/loupan/d{1,}")), follow=False, callback='parse_item')
    ]

    def is_number(self,s):
        try:
            float(s)
            return True
        except ValueError:
            pass
        try:
            import unicodedata
            unicodedata.numeric(s)
            return True
        except (TypeError, ValueError):
            pass
        return False

    def get_sellout_item(self,response):
        loupan_nodes = {}
        loupan_nodes['loupan_name_nodes'] = response.xpath('//*[@id="j-triggerlayer"]/text()')
        loupan_nodes['loupan_status_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[2]/i/text()')
        loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[2]/span/text()')
        if loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes']:
            if self.is_number(loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()):
                loupan_nodes['loupan_discount_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[2]/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_layout_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[3]/div/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_location_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[4]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_opening_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[3]/p[1]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_transfer_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[3]/p[2]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_type_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div/ul[1]/li[1]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_age_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div/ul[1]/li[2]/span/text()')
            else:
                loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[1]/p/em/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_discount_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[2]/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_layout_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[3]/div/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_location_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[2]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_opening_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[3]/p[1]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_transfer_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[3]/p[2]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_type_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[3]/div[1]/ul[1]/li/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_age_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div/ul[1]/li[2]/span/text()')
        else:
            loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[1]/p/em/text()')
            if loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes']:
                loupan_nodes['loupan_discount_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[2]/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_layout_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[2]/div/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_location_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[3]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_opening_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[3]/p[1]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_transfer_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[3]/p[2]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_type_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[3]/div[1]/ul[1]/li/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_age_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div/ul[1]/li[2]/span/text()')
            else:
                loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/dl/dd[1]/p/em/text()')
                if loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes']:
                    loupan_nodes['loupan_discount_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[2]/text()')
                    loupan_nodes['loupan_layout_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/dl/dd[2]/div/text()')
                    loupan_nodes['loupan_location_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/dl/dd[3]/span/text()')
                    loupan_nodes['loupan_opening_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/p[1]/span/text()')
                    loupan_nodes['loupan_transfer_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/p[2]/span/text()')
                    loupan_nodes['loupan_type_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[3]/div[1]/ul[1]/li/span/text()')
                    loupan_nodes['loupan_age_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div/ul[1]/li[2]/span/text()')
                else:
                    loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/dl/dd[2]/span/text()')
                    loupan_nodes['loupan_discount_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[2]/text()')
                    loupan_nodes['loupan_layout_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/dl/dd[3]/div/text()')
                    loupan_nodes['loupan_location_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/dl/dd[4]/span/text()')
                    loupan_nodes['loupan_opening_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/p[1]/span/text()')
                    loupan_nodes['loupan_transfer_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/p[2]/span/text()')
                    loupan_nodes['loupan_type_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[3]/div[1]/ul[1]/li/span/text()')
                    loupan_nodes['loupan_age_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div/ul[1]/li[2]/span/text()')

        if not loupan_nodes['loupan_location_nodes']:
            loupan_nodes['loupan_location_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[3]/span/text()')
        loupan_item = self.struct_loupan_item(loupan_nodes)
        return loupan_item


    def get_sellwait_item(self,response):
        loupan_nodes = {}
        loupan_nodes['loupan_name_nodes'] = response.xpath('//*[@id="j-triggerlayer"]/text()')
        loupan_nodes['loupan_status_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[2]/i/text()')
        loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[2]/span/text()')
        if loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes']:
            loupan_nodes['loupan_discount_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[2]/text()')
            loupan_nodes['loupan_layout_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[3]/div/text()')
            loupan_nodes['loupan_location_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[4]/span/text()')
            loupan_nodes['loupan_opening_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/p[1]/text()')
            loupan_nodes['loupan_transfer_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/p[2]/text()')
            loupan_nodes['loupan_type_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div/ul[1]/li[1]/span/text()')
            loupan_nodes['loupan_age_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div/ul[1]/li[2]/span/text()')
        else:
            loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/dl/dd[2]/span/text()')
            if loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes']:
                loupan_nodes['loupan_discount_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[2]/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_layout_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/dl/dd[3]/div/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_location_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/dl/dd[4]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_opening_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[5]/p[1]/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_transfer_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[5]/p[2]/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_type_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div/ul[1]/li[1]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_age_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div/ul[1]/li[2]/span/text()')
            else:
                loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[1]/p/em/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_discount_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[2]/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_layout_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[2]/div/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_location_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[3]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_opening_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/p[1]/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_transfer_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/p[2]/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_type_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div/ul[1]/li/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_age_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div/ul[1]/li[2]/span/text()')

        if not loupan_nodes['loupan_location_nodes']:
            loupan_nodes['loupan_location_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[3]/span/text()')

        loupan_item = self.struct_loupan_item(loupan_nodes)
        return loupan_item


    def get_common_item(self,response):
        loupan_nodes = {}
        loupan_nodes['loupan_name_nodes'] = response.xpath('//*[@id="j-triggerlayer"]/text()')
        loupan_nodes['loupan_status_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[2]/i/text()')
        loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[1]/p/em/text()')
        if loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes']:
            loupan_nodes['loupan_discount_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[2]/text()')
            loupan_nodes['loupan_layout_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[3]/div/text()')
            loupan_nodes['loupan_location_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[4]/span/text()')
            loupan_nodes['loupan_opening_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/p[1]/text()')
            loupan_nodes['loupan_transfer_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/p[2]/text()')
            loupan_nodes['loupan_type_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div/ul[1]/li[1]/span/text()')
            loupan_nodes['loupan_age_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div/ul[1]/li[2]/span/text()')
        else:
            loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/dl/dd[1]/p/em/text()')
            if loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes']:
                loupan_nodes['loupan_discount_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/dl/dd[2]/a[1]/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_layout_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/dl/dd[3]/div/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_location_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[2]/dl/dd[4]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_opening_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[5]/p[1]/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_transfer_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[5]/p[2]/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_type_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div/ul[1]/li[1]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_age_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div/ul[1]/li[2]/span/text()')
            else:
                loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[2]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_discount_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[3]/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_layout_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[4]/div/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_location_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[5]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_opening_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/p[1]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_transfer_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/p[2]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_type_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div/ul[1]/li[1]/span/text()')
                loupan_nodes['loupan_age_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div/ul[1]/li[2]/span/text()')

        if not loupan_nodes['loupan_location_nodes']:
            loupan_nodes['loupan_location_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[2]/div[1]/div[2]/div[1]/dl/dd[3]/span/text()')

        loupan_item = self.struct_loupan_item(loupan_nodes)
        return loupan_item


    def struct_loupan_item(self,loupan_nodes):
        loupan_item = AnjukeSZItem()
        if loupan_nodes['loupan_name_nodes']:
            loupan_item['loupan_name'] = loupan_nodes['loupan_name_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        if loupan_nodes['loupan_status_nodes']:
            loupan_item['loupan_status'] = loupan_nodes['loupan_status_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            loupan_item['loupan_status'] = ''
        if loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes']:
            loupan_item['loupan_price'] = loupan_nodes['loupan_price_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            loupan_item['loupan_price'] = ''
        if loupan_nodes['loupan_discount_nodes']:
            loupan_item['loupan_discount'] = loupan_nodes['loupan_discount_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            loupan_item['loupan_discount'] = ''
        if loupan_nodes['loupan_layout_nodes']:
            loupan_item['loupan_layout'] = loupan_nodes['loupan_layout_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            loupan_item['loupan_layout'] = ''
        if loupan_nodes['loupan_location_nodes']:
            loupan_item['loupan_location'] = loupan_nodes['loupan_location_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            loupan_item['loupan_location'] = ''
        if loupan_nodes['loupan_opening_nodes']:
            loupan_item['loupan_opening'] = loupan_nodes['loupan_opening_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            loupan_item['loupan_opening'] = ''
        if loupan_nodes['loupan_transfer_nodes']:
            loupan_item['loupan_transfer'] = loupan_nodes['loupan_transfer_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            loupan_item['loupan_transfer'] = ''
        if loupan_nodes['loupan_type_nodes']:
            loupan_item['loupan_type'] = loupan_nodes['loupan_type_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            loupan_item['loupan_type'] = ''
        if loupan_nodes['loupan_age_nodes']:
            loupan_item['loupan_age'] = loupan_nodes['loupan_age_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            loupan_item['loupan_age'] = ''
        return loupan_item


    def parse_item(self, response):
        loupan_status_nodes = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[2]/i/text()')
        if loupan_status_nodes.extract()[0].strip() == '售罄':
            loupan_item = self.get_sellout_item(response)
        elif loupan_status_nodes.extract()[0].strip() == '待售':
            loupan_item = self.get_sellwait_item(response)
        else:
            loupan_item = self.get_common_item(response)

        loupan_item['loupan_url'] = response.url
        return loupan_item

anjuke_sz_sh_spider.py

import scrapy
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.spiders import Rule
from Anjuke.items import AnjukeSZSHItem


class AnjukeSpider(scrapy.spiders.CrawlSpider):
    name = 'anjuke_sz_sh'

    allow_domains = ["anjuke.com"]

    start_urls = [
        'https://shenzhen.anjuke.com/sale/p1',
    ]

    rules = [
        Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=("https://shenzhen.anjuke.com/sale/pd{1,}"))),
        Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=("https://shenzhen.anjuke.com/prop/view/Ad{1,}")), follow=False, callback='parse_item')
    ]

    def get_house_item(self,response):
        house_nodes = {}
        house_nodes["house_title_nodes"] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[3]/h3/text()')
        house_nodes["house_cost_nodes"] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div[1]/span[1]/em/text()')
        house_nodes["house_code_nodes"] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div[3]/h4/span[2]/text()')
        house_nodes["house_community_nodes"] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[1]/div/div[1]/dl[1]/dd/a/text()')
        house_nodes["house_location_nodes"] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[1]/div/div[1]/dl[2]/dd/p')
        house_nodes["house_build_years_nodes"] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[1]/div/div[1]/dl[3]/dd/text()')
        house_nodes["house_kind_nodes"] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[1]/div/div[1]/dl[4]/dd/text()')
        house_nodes["house_layout_nodes"] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[1]/div/div[2]/dl[1]/dd/text()')
        house_nodes["house_size_nodes"] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[1]/div/div[2]/dl[2]/dd/text()')
        house_nodes["house_face_to_nodes"] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[1]/div/div[2]/dl[3]/dd/text()')
        house_nodes["house_point_nodes"] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[1]/div/div[2]/dl[4]/dd/text()')
        house_nodes["house_price_nodes"] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[1]/div/div[3]/dl[1]/dd/text()')
        house_nodes["house_first_pay_nodes"] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[1]/div/div[3]/dl[2]/dd/text()')
        house_nodes["house_month_pay_nodes"] = response.xpath('//*[@id="reference_monthpay"]/text()')
        house_nodes["house_decorate_type_nodes"] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[1]/div[3]/div/div[1]/div/div[3]/dl[4]/dd/text()')
        house_nodes['house_agent_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div[1]/div/div/text()')
        house_nodes['house_agency_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div[5]/div/p[1]/a/text()')
        if not house_nodes['house_agency_nodes']:
            house_nodes['house_agency_nodes'] = response.xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[2]/div[4]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div[5]/div/p/text()')

        house_item = self.struct_house_item(house_nodes)
        return house_item


    def struct_house_item(self,house_nodes):
        house_item = AnjukeSZSHItem()
        if house_nodes['house_title_nodes']:
            house_item['house_title'] = house_nodes['house_title_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            house_item['house_title'] = ''
        if house_nodes['house_cost_nodes']:
            house_item['house_cost'] = house_nodes['house_cost_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            house_item['house_cost'] = ''
        if house_nodes['house_code_nodes']:
            temp_dict = house_nodes['house_code_nodes'].extract()[0].strip().split('，')
            house_item['house_code'] = temp_dict[0]
            house_item['house_public_time'] = temp_dict[1]
        else:
            house_item['house_code'] = ''
            house_item['house_public_time'] = ''
        if house_nodes['house_community_nodes']:
            house_item['house_community'] = house_nodes['house_community_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            house_item['house_community'] = ''
        if house_nodes['house_location_nodes']:
            house_item['house_location'] = house_nodes['house_location_nodes'].xpath('string(.)').extract()[0].strip().replace('	','').replace('
','')
        else:
            house_item['house_location'] = ''
        if house_nodes['house_build_years_nodes']:
            house_item['house_build_years'] = house_nodes['house_build_years_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            house_item['house_build_years'] = ''
        if house_nodes['house_kind_nodes']:
            house_item['house_kind'] = house_nodes['house_kind_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            house_item['house_kind'] = ''
        if house_nodes['house_layout_nodes']:
            house_item['house_layout'] = house_nodes['house_layout_nodes'].extract()[0].strip().replace('	','').replace('
','')
        else:
            house_item['house_layout'] = ''
        if house_nodes['house_size_nodes']:
            house_item['house_size'] = house_nodes['house_size_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            house_item['house_size'] = ''
        if house_nodes['house_face_to_nodes']:
            house_item['house_face_to'] = house_nodes['house_face_to_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            house_item['house_face_to'] = ''
        if house_nodes['house_point_nodes']:
            house_item['house_point'] = house_nodes['house_point_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            house_item['house_point'] = ''
        if house_nodes['house_price_nodes']:
            house_item['house_price'] = house_nodes['house_price_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            house_item['house_price'] = ''
        if house_nodes['house_first_pay_nodes']:
            house_item['house_first_pay'] = house_nodes['house_first_pay_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            house_item['house_first_pay'] = ''
        if house_nodes['house_month_pay_nodes']:
            house_item['house_month_pay'] = house_nodes['house_month_pay_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            house_item['house_month_pay'] = ''
        if house_nodes['house_decorate_type_nodes']:
            house_item['house_decorate_type'] = house_nodes['house_decorate_type_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            house_item['house_decorate_type'] = ''
        if house_nodes['house_agent_nodes']:
            house_item['house_agent'] = house_nodes['house_agent_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            house_item['house_agent'] = ''
        if house_nodes['house_agency_nodes']:
            house_item['house_agency'] = house_nodes['house_agency_nodes'].extract()[0].strip()
        else:
            house_item['house_agency'] = ''
        return house_item


    def parse_item(self, response):
        house_item = self.get_house_item(response)
        house_item['house_url'] = response.url
        return house_item

anjuke_sz_report.py

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pymysql
import numpy as np

class AjukeSZReport():
    def __init__(self):
        self.db = pymysql.connect('127.0.0.1', 'root', 'root', 'anjuke', charset='utf8')
        self.cursor = self.db.cursor()

    def export_result_piture(self):
        district = ['南山','宝安','福田','罗湖','光明','龙华','龙岗','坪山','盐田','大鹏','深圳','惠州','东莞']
        x =  np.arange(len(district))
        house_price_avg = []
        for district_temp in district:
            if district_temp == '深圳':
                sql = "select avg(loupan_price) from sz_loupan_info where loupan_location not like '%周边%' and loupan_price > 5000"
            else:
                sql = "select avg(loupan_price) from sz_loupan_info where loupan_location like '%" + district_temp + "%' and loupan_price > 5000"
            self.cursor.execute(sql)
            results = self.cursor.fetchall()
            house_price_avg.append(results[0][0])
        bars = plt.bar(x, house_price_avg)
        plt.xticks(x, district)
        plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
        i = 0
        for bar in bars:
            plt.text((bar.get_x()+bar.get_width()/2),bar.get_height(),'%d'%house_price_avg[i],ha='center',va='bottom')
            i += 1
        plt.show()

        def __del__(self):
            self.db.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    anjukeSZReport = AjukeSZReport()
    anjukeSZReport.export_result_piture()

anjuke_sz_sh_report.py

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pymysql
import numpy as np

class AjukeSZSHReport():
    def __init__(self):
        self.db = pymysql.connect('127.0.0.1', 'root', 'root', 'anjuke', charset='utf8')
        self.cursor = self.db.cursor()

    def export_result_piture(self):
        district = ['南山','宝安','福田','罗湖','光明','龙华','龙岗','坪山','盐田','大鹏','深圳','惠州','东莞']
        x =  np.arange(len(district))
        house_price_avg = []
        for district_temp in district:
            if district_temp == '深圳':
                sql = "select house_price from sz_sh_house_info where house_location not like '%周边%'"
            else:
                sql = "select house_price from sz_sh_house_info where house_location like '%" + district_temp + "%'"
            self.cursor.execute(sql)
            results = self.cursor.fetchall()
            house_price_sum = 0
            house_num = 0
            for result in results:
                house_price_dict = result[0].split(' ')
                house_price_sum += int(house_price_dict[0])
                house_num += 1
            house_price_avg.append(house_price_sum/house_num)
        bars = plt.bar(x, house_price_avg)
        plt.xticks(x, district)
        plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
        i = 0
        for bar in bars:
            plt.text((bar.get_x()+bar.get_width()/2),bar.get_height(),'%d'%house_price_avg[i],ha='center',va='bottom')
            i += 1
        plt.show()

        def __del__(self):
            self.db.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    anjukeSZReport = AjukeSZSHReport()
    anjukeSZReport.export_result_piture()

其他文件未做修改，保执自动生成时的模样不动即可

三、项目结果演示

anjuke_sz_spider.py收集部份楼盘数据截图

anjuke_sz_report.py生成图表截图：

anjuke_sz_sh_spider.py收集部份二手房数据截图：

anjuke_sz_sh_report.py生成报表截图：