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  • Ubuntu Docker 安装

    卸载旧版本

    Docker 的旧版本被称为 docker,docker.io 或 docker-engine 。如果已安装,请卸载它们:

    $ sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc

    当前称为 Docker Engine-Community 软件包 docker-ce 。

    安装 Docker Engine-Community,以下介绍两种方式。

    使用 Docker 仓库进行安装

    在新主机上首次安装 Docker Engine-Community 之前,需要设置 Docker 仓库。之后,您可以从仓库安装和更新 Docker 。

    设置仓库

    更新 apt 包索引

    $ sudo apt-get update

    安装 apt 依赖包,用于通过HTTPS来获取仓库:

    $ sudo apt-get install 
        apt-transport-https 
        ca-certificates 
        curl 
        gnupg-agent 
        software-properties-common

    添加 Docker 的官方 GPG 密钥:

    $ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

    9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88 通过搜索指纹的后8个字符,验证您现在是否拥有带有指纹的密钥

    $ sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88
       
    pub   rsa4096 2017-02-22 [SCEA]
          9DC8 5822 9FC7 DD38 854A  E2D8 8D81 803C 0EBF CD88
    uid           [ unknown] Docker Release (CE deb) <docker@docker.com>
    sub   rsa4096 2017-02-22 [S]

    使用以下指令设置稳定版仓库

    $ sudo add-apt-repository 
       "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu 
      $(lsb_release -cs) 
      stable"

    安装 Docker Engine-Community

    更新 apt 包索引。

    $ sudo apt-get update

    安装最新版本的 Docker Engine-Community 和 containerd ,或者转到下一步安装特定版本:

    $ sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

    要安装特定版本的 Docker Engine-Community,请在仓库中列出可用版本,然后选择一种安装。列出您的仓库中可用的版本:

    $ apt-cache madison docker-ce
    
      docker-ce | 5:18.09.1~3-0~ubuntu-xenial | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu  xenial/stable amd64 Packages
      docker-ce | 5:18.09.0~3-0~ubuntu-xenial | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu  xenial/stable amd64 Packages
      docker-ce | 18.06.1~ce~3-0~ubuntu       | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu  xenial/stable amd64 Packages
      docker-ce | 18.06.0~ce~3-0~ubuntu       | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu  xenial/stable amd64 Packages
      ...

    使用第二列中的版本字符串安装特定版本,例如 5:18.09.1~3-0~ubuntu-xenial。

    $ sudo apt-get install docker-ce=<VERSION_STRING> docker-ce-cli=<VERSION_STRING> containerd.io

    测试 Docker 是否安装成功,输入以下指令,打印出以下信息则安装成功:

    $ sudo docker run hello-world
    
    Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
    latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
    1b930d010525: Pull complete                                                                                                                                  Digest: sha256:c3b4ada4687bbaa170745b3e4dd8ac3f194ca95b2d0518b417fb47e5879d9b5f
    Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest
    
    
    Hello from Docker!
    This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
    
    
    To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
     1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
     2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
        (amd64)
     3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
        executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
     4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
        to your terminal.
    
    
    To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
     $ docker run -it ubuntu bash
    
    
    Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
     https://hub.docker.com/
    
    
    For more examples and ideas, visit:
     https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

    liunx配置镜像加速

    对于使用 systemd 的系统,请在 /etc/docker/daemon.json 中写入如下内容(如果文件不存在请新建该文件)

    {
    "registry-mirrors": [
        "http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"
        ]
    }

    win配置镜像加速

     

    {
      "registry-mirrors": [
        "http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"
      ],
      "insecure-registries": ["harbor-test.ecoweather.cn"],
      "debug": true,
      "experimental": false,
      "bridge":"none"
    }

    重新启动服务生效

    sudo systemctl daemon-reload
    sudo systemctl restart docker

    检查加速器是否生效

    配置加速器之后,如果拉取镜像仍然十分缓慢,请手动检查加速器配置是否生效,在命令行执行 docker info ,如果从结果中看到了如下内容,说明配置成功
    $ docker info
    ......
    Registry Mirrors:
       http://hub-mirror.c.163.com
    Live Restore Enabled: false
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/luochunxi/p/12764089.html
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