Head Frist Python 读书笔记 第四章 文件与异常

• 元组（tuple）

这种数据结构，一旦生成则不能改变，查了一下发现.net中也有这种结构

import os
print(os.getcwd ())
data=open("sketch.txt")
for each_line in data:
    if each_line.find(":")!=-1:
        (role,line_spoken)=each_line.split(":",1)
    print(role,end="")
    print(" said: ",end="")
    print(line_spoken,end="")
data.close()

红字标出的split方法，返回的就是一个元组

• str.split(sep=None, maxsplit=-1)
  

Return a list of the words in the string, using sep as the delimiter string. If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit splits are done (thus, the list will have at most maxsplit+1 elements). If maxsplit is not specified or -1, then there is no limit on the number of splits (all possible splits are made).

If sep is given, consecutive delimiters are not grouped together and are deemed to delimit empty strings (for example, '1,,2'.split(',') returns ['1', '', '2']). The sep argument may consist of multiple characters (for example, '1<>2<>3'.split('<>') returns ['1', '2', '3']). Splitting an empty string with a specified separator returns [''].

For example:

>>>

>>> '1,2,3'.split(',')
['1', '2', '3']
>>> '1,2,3'.split(',', maxsplit=1)
['1', '2,3']
>>> '1,2,,3,'.split(',')
['1', '2', '', '3', '']

If sep is not specified or is None, a different splitting algorithm is applied: runs of consecutive whitespace are regarded as a single separator, and the result will contain no empty strings at the start or end if the string has leading or trailing whitespace. Consequently, splitting an empty string or a string consisting of just whitespace with a None separator returns [].

For example:

>>>

>>> '1 2 3'.split()
['1', '2', '3']
>>> '1 2 3'.split(maxsplit=1)
['1', '2 3']
>>> '   1   2   3   '.split()
['1', '2', '3']

• pass

用于忽略异常，继续执行之后的代码