爬取全部的校园新闻
作业要求来自于https://edu.cnblogs.com/campus/gzcc/GZCC-16SE2/homework/2941
1.从新闻url获取新闻详情： 字典,anews
代码如下：
1 import requests 2 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup 3 from datetime import datetime 4 import re 5 6 def click(url): 7 id = re.findall('(d{1,5})',url)[-1]#返回所有匹配的字符串的字符串列表的最后一个 8 clickUrl = 'http://oa.gzcc.cn/api.php?op=count&id={}&modelid=80'.format(id) 9 resClick = requests.get(clickUrl) 10 newsClick = int(resClick.text.split('.html')[-1].lstrip("('").rstrip("');")) 11 return newsClick 12 13 def newsdt(showinfo): 14 newsDate = showinfo.split()[0].split(':')[1] 15 newsTime = showinfo.split()[1] 16 newsDT = newsDate+' '+newsTime 17 dt = datetime.strptime(newsDT,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')#转换成datetime类型 18 return dt 19 20 def anews(url): 21 newsDetail = {} 22 res = requests.get(url) 23 res.encoding = 'utf-8' 24 soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser') 25 newsDetail['newsTitle'] = soup.select('.show-title')[0].text#题目 26 showinfo = soup.select('.show-info')[0].text 27 newsDetail['newsDT'] = newsdt(showinfo)#时间 28 newsDetail['newsClick'] = click(newsUrl)#点击次数 29 return newsDetail 30 newsUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/2018/xiaoyuanxinwen_1217/10704.html' 31 print(anews(newsUrl))
运行截图：
2.从列表页的url获取新闻url：列表append(字典) alist
代码如下：
1 def anews(url): 2 newsDetail = {} 3 res = requests.get(url) 4 res.encoding = 'utf-8' 5 soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser') 6 newsDetail['newsTitle'] = soup.select('.show-title')[0].text#题目 7 return newsDetail 8 def alist(url): 9 res=requests.get(listUrl) 10 res.encoding='utf-8' 11 soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser') 12 newsList=[] 13 for news in soup.select('li'): 14 if len(news.select('.news-list-title'))>0: 15 newsUrl=news.select('a')[0]['href'] 16 newsDesc=news.select('.news-list-description')[0].text 17 newsDict=anews(newsUrl) 18 newsDict['description']=newsDesc 19 newsList.append(newsDict) 20 return newsList 21 listUrl='http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/' 22 alist(listUrl)
运行截图：
3.生成所页列表页的url并获取全部新闻 ：列表extend(列表) allnews
*每个同学爬学号尾数开始的10个列表页
代码如下：
1 def alist(url): 2 res=requests.get(listUrl) 3 res.encoding='utf-8' 4 soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser') 5 newsList=[] 6 for news in soup.select('li'): 7 if len(news.select('.news-list-title'))>0: 8 newsUrl=news.select('a')[0]['href'] 9 newsDesc=news.select('.news-list-description')[0].text 10 newsDict=anews(newsUrl) 11 newsDict['description']=newsDesc 12 newsList.append(newsDict) 13 return newsList 14 listUrl='http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/' 15 alist(listUrl) 16 17 allnews=[] 18 for i in range(83,93): 19 listUrl='http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html'.format(i) 20 allnews.extend(alist(listUrl)) 21 22 for i in range(5): 23 print(i) 24 time.sleep(random.random()*3)#沉睡随机数的3倍秒数 25 print(allnews)
运行截图：
4.设置合理的爬取间隔
import time
import random
time.sleep(random.random()*3)
代码如下：
1 for i in range(5): 2 print(i) 3 time.sleep(random.random()*3)#沉睡随机数的3倍秒数 4 print(allnews)
运行截图：
5.用pandas做简单的数据处理并保存
保存到csv或excel文件
newsdf.to_csv(r'F:duym爬虫gzccnews.csv')
保存到数据库
import sqlite3
with sqlite3.connect('gzccnewsdb.sqlite') as db:
newsdf.to_sql('gzccnewsdb',db)
代码如下：
1 newsUrl = 'http://news.gzcc.cn/html/2018/xiaoyuanxinwen_1217/10704.html' 2 s2 = pd.Series(anews(newsUrl))#一维数组对象 3 print(s2) 4 newsdf = pd.DataFrame(allnews)#表格型的数据结构 5 print(newsdf) 6 pd.DataFrame(data=newsdf).to_csv('news.csv',encoding='utf_8_sig') 7 8 with sqlite3.connect('gzccnewsdb.sqlite') as db: 9 newsdf.to_sql('gzccnewsdb',db) 10 with sqlite3.connect('gzccnewsdb.sqlite') as db: 11 df2 = pandas.read_sql_query('SELECT * FROM gzccnewsdb',con=db)
运行截图：
