今天seo的同事需要一个简单的爬虫工具, 根据一个url地址,抓取改页面的a连接,然后进入a连接里面的页面再次抓取a连接
1.需要一个全局的set([])集合来保存抓取的url地址
2.由于现在单页面也来越多,所以我们借用selenium来抓取页面内容, 由于页面内容比较多, 我们程序需要将滚动条滚到最下面,如:driver.execute_script("return document.body.scrollHeight;")
3.需要查找页面的超链接 driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//a[@href]")
4.为了便于查看数据记录,每抓取一个地址就记录到日志中去(曾经尝试过爬网完毕后再记录,但是爬网时间太长,一旦出现异常就一条记录都没有了)
整个代码如下:
from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException import time import datetime from urllib import parse import os urls = set([]) def getUrl(url,host): driver = webdriver.Ie() try: #driver = webdriver.Firefox() driver.set_page_load_timeout(10) driver.get(url) #time.sleep(2) all_window_height = [] all_window_height.append(driver.execute_script("return document.body.scrollHeight;")) while True: driver.execute_script("scroll(0,100000)") time.sleep(1) check_height = driver.execute_script("return document.body.scrollHeight;") if check_height == all_window_height[-1]: print("我已下拉完毕") break else: all_window_height.append(check_height) print("我正在下拉") #for link in driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//*[@href]"): #for link in driver.find_elements_by_tag_name("a"): for link in driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//a[@href]"): try: tempurl1=link.get_attribute('href') if tempurl1.startswith("http"): if tempurl1 not in urls: urls.add(tempurl1) log(host,url+','+tempurl1) print(tempurl1) except: print(link) except Exception as e: print(e) finally: driver.quit() def log(name,msg): filename='D://'+name+'.csv' if not os.path.exists(filename): with open(filename,'w') as f: print('create file:'+filename) f.write('parentUrl,currenturl'+' ') f.close() with open(filename,'a') as f: f.write(msg+' ') f.close() url= input("Enter a url") try: urls.clear() url= url.strip() if len(url)>0: host =parse.urlparse(url).netloc print(url+"下面的连接:") t1=datetime.datetime.now() getUrl(url,host) l=list(urls) for item in l: print(item+"下面的连接:") getUrl(item,host) t2=datetime.datetime.now() tt =(t2-t1).seconds minutes=tt//60 seconds=tt%60 print("total cost %d minutes %d seconds" % (minutes,seconds)) except Exception as e: print(e)
然后运行pyinstaller -F a.py 打包
关于selenium 的IE 可以参考https://blog.csdn.net/ma_jiang/article/details/96022775