1、扩展磁盘
注意：扩容磁盘的方式分为 [添加磁盘]、[扩展磁盘] ; 扩展磁盘需要在此虚拟机停止的状态下进行，同时扩展的数字是扩展后的预期大小，比如之前是60G，希望扩展200G，那么我们应该输入200G。这里我们以扩展磁盘的方式进行。go go go ！
2、首先确认状态
扩展后，重新启动linux，使用df -kh命令发现磁盘目录大小没有变化
[admin@localhost ~]$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 36G 1.6G 35G 5% /
devtmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 3.9G 8.9M 3.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 189M 826M 19% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home 18G 33M 18G 1% /home
tmpfs 783M 0 783M 0% /run/user/0
tmpfs 783M 0 783M 0% /run/user/1001
使用fdisk确认磁盘空间是否已经扩展
[admin@localhost ~]$ sudo fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0005871c
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 125829119 61864960 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 38.2 GB, 38235275264 bytes, 74678272 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes, 12582912 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-home: 18.7 GB, 18668847104 bytes, 36462592 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
可以看到“Disk /dev/sda: 214.7 GB”，已经扩展了140G空间。
3、扩展分区
[admin@localhost ~]$ sudo fdisk /dev/sda Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Command (m for help): n Partition type: p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free) e extended Select (default p): p Partition number (3,4, default 3): First sector (125829120-419430399, default 125829120): Using default value 125829120 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (125829120-419430399, default 419430399): Using default value 419430399 Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 140 GiB is set Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-3, default 3): L Partition number (1-3, default 3): Hex code (type L to list all codes): L 0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris 1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx 5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data 6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / . 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility 8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt 9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/ 10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b 11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor 12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor 14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary 16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS 17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE 18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto 1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep 1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT 1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM' Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) Syncing disks.
4、加载分区表
方法一：（推荐）
[root@localhost ~]# partprobe
执行 partprobe命令用于将磁盘分区表变化信息通知内核，并请求操作系统重新加载分区表，此方法可以不用重启系统；
方法二：
[root@localhost ~]# reboot
5、分区确认
通过fdisk可以看到已经添加了/dev/sda3
[admin@localhost ~]$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x0005871c Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux /dev/sda2 2099200 125829119 61864960 8e Linux LVM /dev/sda3 125829120 419430399 146800640 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 38.2 GB, 38235275264 bytes, 74678272 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes, 12582912 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/centos-home: 18.7 GB, 18668847104 bytes, 36462592 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
6、扩展vg
创建PV
[admin@localhost ~]$ sudo pvcreate /dev/sda3 Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created.
使用vgs查看
[admin@localhost ~]$ sudo vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree centos 1 3 0 wz--n- <59.00g 0
7、把sda3加入到LVM组中
[admin@localhost ~]$ sudo vgextend centos /dev/sda3 Volume group "centos" successfully extended
注意：centos 是vg组名称，请根据具体情况填写
[admin@localhost ~]$ sudo vgs VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree centos 2 3 0 wz--n- 198.99g <140.00g
8、扩展lv
我们把新扩展的100G全部添加到centos-root中
[admin@localhost ~]$ sudo lvextend /dev/mapper/centos-root /dev/sda3 Size of logical volume centos/root changed from <35.61 GiB (9116 extents) to <175.61 GiB (44955 extents). Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
使用lvs可以看到 centos-root 已经是140G了，但是…请继续往下看
[admin@localhost ~]$ sudo lvs LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert home centos -wi-ao---- <17.39g root centos -wi-ao---- <175.61g swap centos -wi-ao---- 6.00g
使用df -kh查看，空间并没有变化，look down…
[admin@localhost ~]$ df -khl Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/centos-root 36G 1.6G 35G 5% / devtmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 3.9G 8.9M 3.9G 1% /run tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 1014M 189M 826M 19% /boot /dev/mapper/centos-home 18G 33M 18G 1% /home tmpfs 783M 0 783M 0% /run/user/1001
9、xfs在线扩容
[admin@localhost ~]$ df -T Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 37320904 1616800 35704104 5% / devtmpfs devtmpfs 3992828 0 3992828 0% /dev tmpfs tmpfs 4004744 0 4004744 0% /dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs 4004744 9036 3995708 1% /run tmpfs tmpfs 4004744 0 4004744 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 xfs 1038336 192612 845724 19% /boot /dev/mapper/centos-home xfs 18221056 33020 18188036 1% /home tmpfs tmpfs 800952 0 800952 0% /run/user/1001 [admin@localhost ~]$ sudo xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=2333696 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0 data = bsize=4096 blocks=9334784, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blks naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1 log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=4558, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0 data blocks changed from 9334784 to 46033920
10、再次确认df状态, 添加的100G空间已经有效
[admin@localhost ~]$ df -kh Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/centos-root 176G 1.6G 175G 1% / devtmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 3.9G 8.9M 3.9G 1% /run tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 1014M 189M 826M 19% /boot /dev/mapper/centos-home 18G 33M 18G 1% /home tmpfs 783M 0 783M 0% /run/user/1001