384. Shuffle an Array

Shuffle a set of numbers without duplicates.

Example:

// Init an array with set 1, 2, and 3.
int[] nums = {1,2,3};
Solution solution = new Solution(nums);

// Shuffle the array [1,2,3] and return its result. Any permutation of [1,2,3] must equally likely to be returned.
solution.shuffle();

// Resets the array back to its original configuration [1,2,3].
solution.reset();

// Returns the random shuffling of array [1,2,3].
solution.shuffle();


洗牌算法

假如是1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0-7位置上的某个数 跟  位置7上的数互换

0-6位置上的某个数 跟  位置6上的数互换

0-5位置上的某个数 跟  位置5上的数互换
。。。

0-0位置上的某个数 跟  位置0上的数互换

C++（267ms）：

class Solution {
private:
    vector<int> nums ;
public:
    Solution(vector<int> nums) {
        this->nums = nums ;
    }
    
    /** Resets the array to its original configuration and return it. */
    vector<int> reset() {
        return nums ;
    }
    
    /** Returns a random shuffling of the array. */
    vector<int> shuffle() {
        vector<int> res(nums) ;
        int len = nums.size() ;
        for(int i = len-1 ; i >= 0 ; i--){
            int pos = rand()%(i+1) ;
            swap(res[pos] , res[i]) ;
        }
        return res ;
    }
};

/**
 * Your Solution object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * Solution obj = new Solution(nums);
 * vector<int> param_1 = obj.reset();
 * vector<int> param_2 = obj.shuffle();
 */

class Solution {
private:
    vector<int> nums ;
public:
    Solution(vector<int> nums) {
        this->nums = nums ;
    }
    
    /** Resets the array to its original configuration and return it. */
    vector<int> reset() {
        return nums ;
    }
    
    /** Returns a random shuffling of the array. */
    vector<int> shuffle() {
        vector<int> res(nums) ;
        int len = nums.size() ;
        for(int i = 0 ; i < len ; i++){
            int pos = i + rand()%(len-i) ;
            swap(res[i],  res[pos]) ;
        }
        return res ;
    }
};

/**
 * Your Solution object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * Solution obj = new Solution(nums);
 * vector<int> param_1 = obj.reset();
 * vector<int> param_2 = obj.shuffle();
 */