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  • Linux系统基础优化(CentOS release 6.7 (Final))

    1、关闭SELinux,通过修改配置文件进行修改

    SELinux是美国安全局的一种安全访问控制功能。

    [root@linux-node1 ~]# cat /etc/selinux/config

    # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.

    # SELINUX= can take one of these three values:

    # enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.

    # permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.

    # disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.

    SELINUX=enforcing

    # SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:

    # targeted - Targeted processes are protected,

    # mls - Multi Level Security protection.

    SELINUXTYPE=targeted

     

    将其中的SELINUX参数修改为disable

    通过命令行临时关闭SELinux

    [root@ linux-node1 ~]# getenforce

    Enforcing

    [root@ linux-node1 ~]# setenforce

    usage: setenforce [ Enforcing | Permissive | 1 | 0 ]

    [root@ linux-node1 ~]#

    命令说明:

    setenforce :用于命令行管理SELinux的级别,后面的数字表示设置对应的级别

    getenforce:查看SELinux当前的级别状态

     

    2、设定运行级别为3(多用户模式)

    [root@linux-node1 ~]# cat /etc/inittab

    # inittab is only used by upstart for the default runlevel.

    # ADDING OTHER CONFIGURATION HERE WILL HAVE NO EFFECT ON YOUR SYSTEM.

    # System initialization is started by /etc/init/rcS.conf

    # Individual runlevels are started by /etc/init/rc.conf

    # Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by /etc/init/control-alt-delete.conf

    # Terminal gettys are handled by /etc/init/tty.conf and /etc/init/serial.conf,

    # with configuration in /etc/sysconfig/init.

    # For information on how to write upstart event handlers, or how

    # upstart works, see init(5), init(8), and initctl(8).

    # Default runlevel. The runlevels used are:

    # 0 - halt (Do NOT set initdefault to this)

    # 1 - Single user mode

    # 2 - Multiuser, without NFS (The same as 3, if you do not have networking)

    # 3 - Full multiuser mode

    # 4 - unused

    # 5 - X11

    # 6 - reboot (Do NOT set initdefault to this)

    #

    id:3:initdefault:

     

    命令说明

    o 查看Linux**的运行级别**

    [root@linux-node1 ~]# runlevel

    N 3

    o 切换运行级别

    [root@linux-node1 ~]# init [数字]

     

    3、关闭防火墙

    命令使用说明:

    [root@linux-node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables

    Usage: iptables {start|stop|reload|restart|condrestart|status|panic|save}

     

    使用stop是临时关闭。如果是要永久关闭防火墙,使用 chkconfig iptables off

     

    示例:

    [root@linux-node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop

    iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]

    iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]

    iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ]

    [root@linux-node1 ~]# chkconfig iptables off

    [root@linux-node1 ~]# /etc/init.d/iptables status

    iptables: Firewall is not running.

    [root@linux-node1 ~]#

     

    4、Linux中文显示设置

    [root@linux-node1 ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/i18n

    LANG="en_US.UTF-8"

    SYSFONT="latarcyrheb-sun16"

     

    a.修改字符集为中文:

    echo ‘LANG="en_CN.UTF-8"’ >/etc/sysconfig/i18n

     

    b.查看当前字符集

    echo $LANG

    [root@linux-node1 ~]# echo $LANG

    en_US.UTF-8

     

    c.执行命令使其生效

    使用点的方式:. /etc/sysconfig/i18n

    使用source的方式: source /etc/sysconfig/i18n

     

    5、设置闲置账号的超时时间

    使用export修改: export TMOUT=10 单位为秒(s)

     

    6、历史记录命令history

    清空所有的历史纪录

    [root@linux-node1 ~]# history -c

    [root@linux-node1 ~]# history

    1 history

     

    清空某一条历史纪录

    [root@linux-node1 ~]# history –d [待清空的命令数字]

     

    调整history记录数

    使用export命令:export HISTSIZE=5 命令行历史记录数量

    通过修改文件的方式:export HISTFILESIZE=5 cat ~/.bash_history 命令行对应文件的历史数量(一般设置为10~20个比较好)

     

    涉及到的系统中的变量为

    TMOUT 闲置用户连接超时时间

    HISTSIZE 命令的历史记录的长度

    HISTFILESIZE 命令对应文件的历史记录的长度

     

    如果,需要使得上述的命令在系统中永久生效

    a.将需要执行的命令写入到/etc/profile文件中

    echo ‘export TMOUT=10’ >>/etc/profile

    echo ‘export HISTSIZE=10’ >>/etc/profile

    echo ‘export HISTFILESIZE=10’ >>/etc/profile

     

    b.使配置文件生效

    source /etc/profile

     

    7、隐藏Linux版本信息

    查看Linux版本和内核信息

    [root@linux-node1 ~]# cat /etc/issue

    CentOS release 6.7 (Final)

    Kernel on an m

    [root@linux-node1 ~]# cat /etc/issue.net

    CentOS release 6.7 (Final)

    Kernel on an m

     

    清空/etc/issue.net文件中的信息

    >/etc/issue

    >/etc/issue.net

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/mengxp/p/15037931.html
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