使用表达式树创建对象

原来程序中的代码：

public static T GetInstance<T>() where T : new()
        {
            return new T();
        }

需要扩展这个方法支持参数传递。可惜泛型约束不支持指定构造函数参数，那只好使用对象反射了。

 public class A
    {
        public A(string A)
        {
            
        }

        public string P1 { get; set; }


       
    }


//反射创建对象A
Activator.CreateInstance(t, "sss");

这样的话对象创建速度一下会变得很慢吧。正好想到 ExpressionTree，使用Expression.New并且缓存Expression方式应该可以提高些速度。正好找到了相关用法 http://geekswithblogs.net/mrsteve/archive/2012/01/11/csharp-expression-trees-create-instance-from-type-extension-method.aspx ，核心代码如下

  public static Func<string, T> GetExpression<T>()
        {
            var argumentType = new[] { typeof(string) };
            // Get the Constructor which matches the given argument Types:
            var constructor = typeof(T).GetConstructor(
                BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public,
                null,
                CallingConventions.HasThis,
                argumentType, 
                new ParameterModifier[0]);

            // Get a set of Expressions representing the parameters which will be passed to the Func:
            var lamdaParameterExpressions = GetLambdaParameterExpressions(argumentType).ToArray();

            // Get a set of Expressions representing the parameters which will be passed to the constructor:
            var constructorParameterExpressions = GetConstructorParameterExpressions(
                lamdaParameterExpressions,
                argumentType).ToArray();

            // Get an Expression representing the constructor call, passing in the constructor parameters:
            var constructorCallExpression = Expression.New(constructor, constructorParameterExpressions);

            // Compile the Expression into a Func which takes three arguments and returns the constructed object:
            var constructorCallingLambda = Expression
                .Lambda<Func<string, T>>(constructorCallExpression, lamdaParameterExpressions)
                .Compile();
            return constructorCallingLambda;

        }

        private static IEnumerable<ParameterExpression> GetLambdaParameterExpressions(Type[] argumentTypes)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < argumentTypes.Length; i++)
            {
                yield return Expression.Parameter(typeof(object), string.Concat("param", i));
            }
        }

        private static IEnumerable<UnaryExpression> GetConstructorParameterExpressions(
    ParameterExpression[] lamdaParameterExpressions,
    Type[] constructorArgumentTypes)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < constructorArgumentTypes.Length; i++)
            {
                // Each parameter passed to the lambda is of type object, so we need to convert it into 
                // the appropriate type for the constructor:
                yield return Expression.Convert(lamdaParameterExpressions[i], constructorArgumentTypes[i]);
            }
        }

试试有何提升：

static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var t = typeof (A);
            var count = 10000000;

            var expression = GetExpression<A>();
            var ts2 = Timer.Time(() =>
            {
                var o = expression.Invoke("sss");
            }, count);


            var ts= Timer.Time(() =>
            {
                var o = Activator.CreateInstance(t, "sss");
            }, count);
            var ts3 = Timer.Time(() =>
            {
                var o = new A("SSS");
            }, count);

            Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1} ", "Direct", ts3.Milliseconds);
            Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1}", "Activator.CreateInstance", ts.Milliseconds);
            Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1}", "Expression", ts2.Milliseconds);
            
            Console.ReadLine();
        }

结果：

结论

使用Expression代替Activator.CreateInstance加快对象创建速度。另外使用Expression&Delegate.CreateDelegate代替传统C#反射加速属性和方法的调用

参考：

http://geekswithblogs.net/mrsteve/archive/2012/01/11/csharp-expression-trees-create-instance-from-type-extension-method.aspx

http://www.cnblogs.com/artech/archive/2011/03/26/Propertyaccesstest.html