Keil MDK STM32系列(七) STM32F4基于HAL的PWM和定时器

Keil MDK STM32系列

• Keil MDK STM32系列(一) 基于标准外设库SPL的STM32F103开发
• Keil MDK STM32系列(二) 基于标准外设库SPL的STM32F401开发
• Keil MDK STM32系列(三) 基于标准外设库SPL的STM32F407开发
• Keil MDK STM32系列(四) 基于抽象外设库HAL的STM32F401开发
• Keil MDK STM32系列(五) 使用STM32CubeMX创建项目基础结构
• Keil MDK STM32系列(六) 基于HAL的ADC模数转换
• Keil MDK STM32系列(七) STM32F4基于HAL的PWM和定时器
• Keil MDK STM32系列(八) STM32F4基于HAL的PWM和定时器输出音频
• Keil MDK STM32系列(九) 基于HAL和FatFs的FAT格式SD卡TF卡读写

配置 PWM 输出

• 选择芯片
• System Core -> SYS-> Debug: Serial Wire 防止下次无法烧录
• System Core -> RCC-> High Speed Clock (HSE): Crystal/Ceramic Resonator 启用外接高速晶振
• Clock Configuration: (配置为最高84MHz)选择外部晶振, 把HSE和PLLCLK连上, 在HCLK上输入84回车, 软件会自动调节各节点倍数
• Timers -> TIM2
• Clock Source: Internel Clock, 使用系统的时钟源
  • Channelx: PWM Generation CHx PWM输出
  • Counter Settings PWM频率 = 84MHz / (Perscaler + 1) / (Counter Period + 1)
    • Perscaler: 0
    • Counter Mode: Up
    • Counter Period: 256
    • Internal Clock Division(CKD): No Division
    • auto-reload preload: Enable - 如果启用, 在修改占空比时会等当前周期执行完再变化
  • Trigger Output
    • Master/Slave Mode (MSM bit): Disable
    • Trigger Event Selection: Reset (UG bit from TIMx_EGR)
• PWM Generation Channel 1
  • Mode: PWM mode1
  • Pulse: 0
  • Output compare perload: Enable
  • Fast Mode: Disable
  • CH Polarity: High
• PWM Generation Channel 2
  • ...

PWM 配置, 体现在代码上的变化

1. stm32f4xx_hal_conf.h 去掉了TIM的注释

#define HAL_TIM_MODULE_ENABLED

2. stm32f4xx_hal_msp.c 增加了初始化方法HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit(), HAL_TIM_MspPostInit(), HAL_TIM_Base_MspDeInit()

void HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef* htim_base)
{
  if(htim_base->Instance==TIM2)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspInit 0 */
    /* Peripheral clock enable */
    __HAL_RCC_TIM2_CLK_ENABLE();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspInit 1 */

  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspInit 1 */
  }

}

void HAL_TIM_MspPostInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef* htim)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
  if(htim->Instance==TIM2)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspPostInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspPostInit 0 */

    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
    /**TIM2 GPIO Configuration
    PA15     ------> TIM2_CH1
    PB3     ------> TIM2_CH2
    */
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_15;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF1_TIM2;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_3;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF1_TIM2;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspPostInit 1 */

  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspPostInit 1 */
  }

}

/**
* @brief TIM_Base MSP De-Initialization
* This function freeze the hardware resources used in this example
* @param htim_base: TIM_Base handle pointer
* @retval None
*/
void HAL_TIM_Base_MspDeInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef* htim_base)
{
  if(htim_base->Instance==TIM2)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspDeInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspDeInit 0 */
    /* Peripheral clock disable */
    __HAL_RCC_TIM2_CLK_DISABLE();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspDeInit 1 */

  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspDeInit 1 */
  }

}

3. main.c 对TIM2增加初始化方法, TIM的初始化过程与其它外设是不一样的
   这里Prescaler=0, Period=255, 对应84MHz的SYSCLK, 输出的PWM频率为84MHz/256 = 32.8125KHz, 用于输出音频

TIM_HandleTypeDef htim2;

/**
  * @brief TIM2 Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_TIM2_Init(void)
{
  TIM_ClockConfigTypeDef sClockSourceConfig = {0};
  TIM_MasterConfigTypeDef sMasterConfig = {0};
  TIM_OC_InitTypeDef sConfigOC = {0};

  htim2.Instance = TIM2;
  htim2.Init.Prescaler = 0;
  htim2.Init.CounterMode = TIM_COUNTERMODE_UP;
  htim2.Init.Period = 255;
  htim2.Init.ClockDivision = TIM_CLOCKDIVISION_DIV1;
  htim2.Init.AutoReloadPreload = TIM_AUTORELOAD_PRELOAD_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_TIM_Base_Init(&htim2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  sClockSourceConfig.ClockSource = TIM_CLOCKSOURCE_INTERNAL;
  if (HAL_TIM_ConfigClockSource(&htim2, &sClockSourceConfig) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  if (HAL_TIM_PWM_Init(&htim2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  sMasterConfig.MasterOutputTrigger = TIM_TRGO_RESET;
  sMasterConfig.MasterSlaveMode = TIM_MASTERSLAVEMODE_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_TIMEx_MasterConfigSynchronization(&htim2, &sMasterConfig) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  sConfigOC.OCMode = TIM_OCMODE_PWM1;
  sConfigOC.Pulse = 0;
  sConfigOC.OCPolarity = TIM_OCPOLARITY_HIGH;
  sConfigOC.OCFastMode = TIM_OCFAST_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_TIM_PWM_ConfigChannel(&htim2, &sConfigOC, TIM_CHANNEL_1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  if (HAL_TIM_PWM_ConfigChannel(&htim2, &sConfigOC, TIM_CHANNEL_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_Init 2 */

  /* USER CODE END TIM2_Init 2 */
  HAL_TIM_MspPostInit(&htim2);

}

配置定时器

通过TIMx配置

• 勾选 Internal Clock
• 配置下方参数
• Counter Settings
  • Prescaler: 0
  • Counter Mode: Up
  • Counter Period: 1999 这里和Perscaler组合, 实现(0+1)(1999+1)个时钟的周期
  • Internal Clock Division (CKD): No division
  • auto-reload preload: Disable
• Trigger Output (TRGO) Parameters
  • Master/Slave Mode (MSM bit): Disable
  • Trigger Envent Selection: Reset
• NVIC Settings
  • TIM3 global interrupt: Enable

对应代码变化

stm32f4xx_hal_conf.h 启用TIM模块

#define HAL_TIM_MODULE_ENABLED

main.c 除了初始化方法, 还需要添加中断处理方法

static void MX_TIM3_Init(void)
{
  TIM_ClockConfigTypeDef sClockSourceConfig = {0};
  TIM_MasterConfigTypeDef sMasterConfig = {0};
  htim3.Instance = TIM3;
  htim3.Init.Prescaler = 0;
  htim3.Init.CounterMode = TIM_COUNTERMODE_UP;
  htim3.Init.Period = 1999;
  htim3.Init.ClockDivision = TIM_CLOCKDIVISION_DIV1;
  htim3.Init.AutoReloadPreload = TIM_AUTORELOAD_PRELOAD_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_TIM_Base_Init(&htim3) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  sClockSourceConfig.ClockSource = TIM_CLOCKSOURCE_INTERNAL;
  if (HAL_TIM_ConfigClockSource(&htim3, &sClockSourceConfig) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  sMasterConfig.MasterOutputTrigger = TIM_TRGO_RESET;
  sMasterConfig.MasterSlaveMode = TIM_MASTERSLAVEMODE_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_TIMEx_MasterConfigSynchronization(&htim3, &sMasterConfig) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
  //...
}

stm32f4xx_hal_msp.c 这里会一起处理其他的TIM实例

void HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef* htim_base)
{
  if(htim_base->Instance==TIM2)
  {
    // ...
  }
  else if(htim_base->Instance==TIM3)
  {
    __HAL_RCC_TIM3_CLK_ENABLE();
    HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(TIM3_IRQn, 0, 0);
    HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(TIM3_IRQn);
  }

}

void HAL_TIM_Base_MspDeInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef* htim_base)
{
  if(htim_base->Instance==TIM2)
  {
    //...
  }
  else if(htim_base->Instance==TIM3)
  {
    __HAL_RCC_TIM3_CLK_DISABLE();
    HAL_NVIC_DisableIRQ(TIM3_IRQn);
  }

}

stm32f4xx_it.h 增加对应的定时中断处理

void TIM3_IRQHandler(void);

stm32f4xx_it.c

/**
  * @brief This function handles TIM3 global interrupt.
  */
void TIM3_IRQHandler(void)
{
  HAL_TIM_IRQHandler(&htim3);
}