Tic-Tac-Toe游戏

#Tic-Tac-Toe
#机器人和人类下井字棋

#全局变量
import random
X = "X"
O = "O"
EMPTY = " "      #表示棋盘上的空空格
TIE = "TIE"      #表示平局
NUM_SQUARES = 9  #井字棋棋盘上的方格数

#显示游戏说明
def display_instruct():
    """Display game instrcutin."""
    print(
        """Welcome to the gratest intellectual challenge of all time:Tic-Tac-Toe.
        This will be a showdown between your human brain and my silicon proessor.
        you will make your move known by entering a nmber,0 - 8. The number will
        correspond to the board position as illustrated:
         0 | 1 | 2
         ---------
         3 | 4 | 5
         ---------
         6 | 7 | 8
        Prepare yourself,human .The ultimate battle is about aobegin.
"""
    )

#询问一个“是或否”的问题。接受一个问题，返回y或n
def ask_yes_no(quesion):
    response = None
    while response not in ("y","n"):
        response = input(quesion.lower())
    return response

#求情指定范围内的一个数字
def ask_number(question,low,high):
    response = None
    while response not in range(low,high):
        response = int(input(question))
    return response

#询问玩家是否希望先行棋
def pieces():
    go_first = ask_yes_no("Do you require the first move ? (y/n):")
    if go_first =="y":
        print "
Then take the first move.You wil need it."
        human = X
        computer = O
    else:
        print "
Your bravery will be your undoing... I will go first.."
        human = O
        computer = X
    return computer, human

#创建新的q棋盘
def new_board():
    board = []
    for square in range(NUM_SQUARES):
        board.append(EMPTY)
    return board

#显示棋盘
def display_board(board):
    print "
	",board[0],"|",board[1],"|",board[2]
    print "	","--------"
    print "
	",board[3],"|",board[4],"|",board[5]
    print "	","--------"
    print "
	",board[6],"|",board[7],"|",board[8]

#接受一个棋盘，返回一个合法的行棋步骤
def legal_moves(board):
    moves = []
    for square in range(NUM_SQUARES):
        if board[square] == EMPTY:
            moves.append(square)
    return moves

#判断输赢
def winner(board):
    WAYS_TO_WIN = ((0,1,2),(3,4,5),(6,7,8),(0,3,6),(1,4,7),(2,5,8),(0,4,8),(2,4,6))
    winner = ""
    for row in WAYS_TO_WIN:
        if board[row[0]] == board[row[1]] == board[row[2]]!=EMPTY:
            winner = board[row[0]]
            return winner
    if winner=="":
        if EMPTY not in board:
             return TIE
        else:
            return None

#用户行棋
def human_move(board,human):
    legal = legal_moves(board)
    move = None
    while move not in legal:
        move = ask_number("Where you will move ?(0-8):",0,NUM_SQUARES)
        if move not in legal:
            print ("
That square is already occupied,foolish human.Choose another.
")
    print "Fine..."
    return move

#机器人行棋
def computer_move(board,computer,human):
    board = board[:]
    BEST_MOVES =(4,0,2,6,8,1,3,5,7)

    #如果机器人能赢，就走那个位置
    for move in legal_moves(board):
        board[move] = computer
        if winner(board) == computer:
             print move
             return move
        #技术当前行棋方案的测试，并取消之
        board[move] =EMPTY
    #如果玩家能赢，就堵住那个位置
    for move in legal_moves(board):
        board[move] = human
        if winner(board) == human:
             print move
             return move
        #技术当前行棋方案的测试，并取消之
        board[move] =EMPTY

    #由于本轮谁也赢不了，所以叫挑选最佳的空位来走
    for move in BEST_MOVES:
        if move in legal_moves(board):
            print move
            return  move

#返回下一个行棋方
def next_turn(turn):
    if turn == X:
        return O
    else:
        return X

#接受游戏的赢家
def congract_winner(the_winner,computer,humna):
    if the_winner !=TIE:
        print the_winner,"won"
    else:
        print "tie!"

    if the_winner==computer:
        print "computer win"
    elif the_winner ==humna:
        print "human win!"
    elif the_winner==TIE:
        print "tie"

#
def main():
    display_instruct()
    computer,human = pieces()
    turn = X
    board = new_board()
    display_board(board)

    while not winner(board):
        if turn == human:
            move = human_move(board,human)
            board[move] = human
        else:
            move = computer_move(board,computer,human)
            board[move] = computer
        display_board(board)
        turn = next_turn(turn)
    the_winner = winner(board)
    congract_winner(the_winner,computer,human)

main()

执行过程：

Python 2.7.6 (default, Nov 10 2013, 19:24:24) [MSC v.1500 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.
>>> ================================ RESTART ================================
>>> 
Welcome to the gratest intellectual challenge of all time:Tic-Tac-Toe.
        This will be a showdown between your human brain and my silicon proessor.
        you will make your move known by entering a nmber,0 - 8. The number will
        correspond to the board position as illustrated:
         0 | 1 | 2
         ---------
         3 | 4 | 5
         ---------
         6 | 7 | 8
        Prepare yourself,human .The ultimate battle is about aobegin.

do you require the first move ? (y/n):"y"

Then take the first move.You wil need it.

      |   |  
    --------

      |   |  
    --------

      |   |  
Where you will move ?(0-8):4
Fine...

      |   |  
    --------

      | X |  
    --------

      |   |  
0

    O |   |  
    --------

      | X |  
    --------

      |   |  
Where you will move ?(0-8):2
Fine...

    O |   | X
    --------

      | X |  
    --------

      |   |  
6

    O |   | X
    --------

      | X |  
    --------

    O |   |  
Where you will move ?(0-8):3
Fine...

    O |   | X
    --------

    X | X |  
    --------

    O |   |  
5

    O |   | X
    --------

    X | X | O
    --------

    O |   |  
Where you will move ?(0-8):1
Fine...

    O | X | X
    --------

    X | X | O
    --------

    O |   |  
7

    O | X | X
    --------

    X | X | O
    --------

    O | O |  
Where you will move ?(0-8):8
Fine...

    O | X | X
    --------

    X | X | O
    --------

    O | O | X
tie!
tie
>>>