Redis学习笔记：Redis在C#中的使用

    1、新建一个WinForm窗体，命名为Main：

    2、在NuGet中安装StackExchange.Redis。

    3、添加一个类，命名为RedisHelper。

    public static class RedisHelper
    {
        private static string Constr = "";
        private static readonly object _locker = new object();
        private static ConnectionMultiplexer _instance = null;

        /// <summary>
        /// 使用一个静态属性来返回已连接的实例，如下列中所示。这样，一旦 ConnectionMultiplexer 断开连接，便可以初始化新的连接实例。
        /// </summary>
        public static ConnectionMultiplexer Instance
        {
            get
            {
                if (Constr.Length == 0)
                {
                    throw new Exception("连接字符串未设置！");
                }
                if (_instance == null)
                {
                    lock (_locker)
                    {
                        if (_instance == null || !_instance.IsConnected)
                        {
                            _instance = ConnectionMultiplexer.Connect(Constr);
                        }
                    }
                }
                //注册如下事件
                _instance.ConnectionFailed += MuxerConnectionFailed;
                _instance.ConnectionRestored += MuxerConnectionRestored;
                _instance.ErrorMessage += MuxerErrorMessage;
                _instance.ConfigurationChanged += MuxerConfigurationChanged;
                _instance.HashSlotMoved += MuxerHashSlotMoved;
                _instance.InternalError += MuxerInternalError;
                return _instance;
            }
        }

        static RedisHelper()
        {
        }

        public static void SetCon(string config)
        {
            Constr = config;
        }

        public static IDatabase GetDatabase()
        {
            return Instance.GetDatabase();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 这里的 MergeKey 用来拼接 Key 的前缀，具体不同的业务模块使用不同的前缀。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="key"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static string MergeKey(string key)
        {
            return key;
            //return BaseSystemInfo.SystemCode + key;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根据key获取缓存对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="key"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static T Get<T>(string key)
        {
            key = MergeKey(key);
            return Deserialize<T>(GetDatabase().StringGet(key));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根据key获取缓存对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="key"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static object Get(string key)
        {
            key = MergeKey(key);
            return Deserialize<object>(GetDatabase().StringGet(key));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 设置缓存
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="key"></param>
        /// <param name="value"></param>
        /// <param name="expireMinutes"></param>
        public static void Set(string key, object value, int expireMinutes = 0)
        {
            key = MergeKey(key);
            if (expireMinutes > 0)
            {
                GetDatabase().StringSet(key, Serialize(value), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(expireMinutes));
            }
            else
            {
                GetDatabase().StringSet(key, Serialize(value));
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 判断在缓存中是否存在该key的缓存数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="key"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool Exists(string key)
        {
            key = MergeKey(key);
            return GetDatabase().KeyExists(key); //可直接调用
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 移除指定key的缓存
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="key"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool Remove(string key)
        {
            key = MergeKey(key);
            return GetDatabase().KeyDelete(key);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 异步设置
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="key"></param>
        /// <param name="value"></param>
        public static async Task SetAsync(string key, object value)
        {
            key = MergeKey(key);
            await GetDatabase().StringSetAsync(key, Serialize(value));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根据key获取缓存对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="key"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static async Task<object> GetAsync(string key)
        {
            key = MergeKey(key);
            object value = await GetDatabase().StringGetAsync(key);
            return value;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 实现递增
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="key"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static long Increment(string key)
        {
            key = MergeKey(key);
            //三种命令模式
            //Sync,同步模式会直接阻塞调用者，但是显然不会阻塞其他线程。
            //Async,异步模式直接走的是Task模型。
            //Fire - and - Forget,就是发送命令，然后完全不关心最终什么时候完成命令操作。
            //即发即弃：通过配置 CommandFlags 来实现即发即弃功能，在该实例中该方法会立即返回，如果是string则返回null 如果是int则返回0.这个操作将会继续在后台运行，一个典型的用法页面计数器的实现：
            return GetDatabase().StringIncrement(key, flags: CommandFlags.FireAndForget);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 实现递减
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="key"></param>
        /// <param name="value"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static long Decrement(string key, string value)
        {
            key = MergeKey(key);
            return GetDatabase().HashDecrement(key, value, flags: CommandFlags.FireAndForget);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 序列化对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="o"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static byte[] Serialize(object o)
        {
            if (o == null)
            {
                return null;
            }
            BinaryFormatter binaryFormatter = new BinaryFormatter();
            using (MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream())
            {
                binaryFormatter.Serialize(memoryStream, o);
                byte[] objectDataAsStream = memoryStream.ToArray();
                return objectDataAsStream;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 反序列化对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="stream"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static T Deserialize<T>(byte[] stream)
        {
            if (stream == null)
            {
                return default(T);
            }
            BinaryFormatter binaryFormatter = new BinaryFormatter();
            using (MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream(stream))
            {
                T result = (T)binaryFormatter.Deserialize(memoryStream);
                return result;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 配置更改时
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private static void MuxerConfigurationChanged(object sender, EndPointEventArgs e)
        {
            //LogHelper.SafeLogMessage("Configuration changed: " + e.EndPoint);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 发生错误时
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private static void MuxerErrorMessage(object sender, RedisErrorEventArgs e)
        {
            //LogHelper.SafeLogMessage("ErrorMessage: " + e.Message);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 重新建立连接之前的错误
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private static void MuxerConnectionRestored(object sender, ConnectionFailedEventArgs e)
        {
            //LogHelper.SafeLogMessage("ConnectionRestored: " + e.EndPoint);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 连接失败，如果重新连接成功你将不会收到这个通知。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private static void MuxerConnectionFailed(object sender, ConnectionFailedEventArgs e)
        {
            //LogHelper.SafeLogMessage("重新连接：Endpoint failed: " + e.EndPoint + ", " + e.FailureType +(e.Exception == null ? "" : (", " + e.Exception.Message)));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 更改集群
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private static void MuxerHashSlotMoved(object sender, HashSlotMovedEventArgs e)
        {
            //LogHelper.SafeLogMessage("HashSlotMoved:NewEndPoint" + e.NewEndPoint + ", OldEndPoint" + e.OldEndPoint);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// redis类库错误
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private static void MuxerInternalError(object sender, InternalErrorEventArgs e)
        {
            //LogHelper.SafeLogMessage("InternalError:Message" + e.Exception.Message);
        }

        //场景不一样，选择的模式便会不一样，大家可以按照自己系统架构情况合理选择长连接还是Lazy。
        //建立连接后，通过调用ConnectionMultiplexer.GetDatabase 方法返回对 Redis Cache 数据库的引用。从 GetDatabase 方法返回的对象是一个轻量级直通对象，不需要进行存储。

        /// <summary>
        /// 使用的是Lazy，在真正需要连接时创建连接。
        /// 延迟加载技术
        /// 微软azure中的配置 连接模板
        /// </summary>
        //private static Lazy<ConnectionMultiplexer> lazyConnection = new Lazy<ConnectionMultiplexer>(() =>
        //{
        //    //var options = ConfigurationOptions.Parse(constr);
        //    ////options.ClientName = GetAppName(); // only known at runtime
        //    //options.AllowAdmin = true;
        //    //return ConnectionMultiplexer.Connect(options);
        //    ConnectionMultiplexer muxer = ConnectionMultiplexer.Connect(Coonstr);
        //    muxer.ConnectionFailed += MuxerConnectionFailed;
        //    muxer.ConnectionRestored += MuxerConnectionRestored;
        //    muxer.ErrorMessage += MuxerErrorMessage;
        //    muxer.ConfigurationChanged += MuxerConfigurationChanged;
        //    muxer.HashSlotMoved += MuxerHashSlotMoved;
        //    muxer.InternalError += MuxerInternalError;
        //    return muxer;
        //});


        #region  当作消息代理中间件使用 一般使用更专业的消息队列来处理这种业务场景

        /// <summary>
        /// 当作消息代理中间件使用
        /// 消息组建中，重要的概念便是生产者、消费者、消息中间件。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="channel"></param>
        /// <param name="message"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static long Publish(string channel, string message)
        {
            ISubscriber sub = Instance.GetSubscriber();
            //return sub.Publish("messages", "hello");
            return sub.Publish(channel, message);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 在消费者端得到该消息并输出
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="channelFrom"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static void Subscribe(string channelFrom)
        {
            ISubscriber sub = Instance.GetSubscriber();
            sub.Subscribe(channelFrom, (channel, message) =>
            {
                Console.WriteLine(message);
            });
        }

        #endregion

        /// <summary>
        /// GetServer方法会接收一个EndPoint类或者一个唯一标识一台服务器的键值对
        /// 有时候需要为单个服务器指定特定的命令
        /// 使用IServer可以使用所有的shell命令，比如：
        /// DateTime lastSave = server.LastSave();
        /// ClientInfo[] clients = server.ClientList();
        /// 如果报错在连接字符串后加 ,allowAdmin=true;
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static IServer GetServer(string host, int port)
        {
            IServer server = Instance.GetServer(host, port);
            return server;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取全部终结点
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static EndPoint[] GetEndPoints()
        {
            EndPoint[] endpoints = Instance.GetEndPoints();
            return endpoints;
        }
    }

    4、Main窗体代码：

    public partial class Main : Form
    {
        public Main()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

            try
            {
                string redisconf = "127.0.0.1:6379,password=12345,DefaultDatabase=0";
                RedisHelper.SetCon(redisconf);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 设置
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(textBox1.Text))
            {
                textBox4.Text = "请填写键";
                return;
            }
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(textBox2.Text))
            {
                textBox4.Text = "请填写值";
                return;
            }
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(textBox3.Text))
            {
                textBox4.Text = "请填写过期时间";
                return;
            }

            //键、值、过期时间
            RedisHelper.Set(textBox1.Text, textBox2.Text, int.Parse(textBox3.Text));
            textBox4.Text = "添加成功";
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 删除
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(textBox1.Text))
            {
                if (RedisHelper.Exists(textBox1.Text))
                {
                    RedisHelper.Remove(textBox1.Text).ToString();
                    textBox4.Text = "删除成功";
                }
                else
                {
                    textBox4.Text = "已过期或不存在";
                }
            }
            else
            {
                textBox4.Text = "请填写键";
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(textBox1.Text))
            {
                if (RedisHelper.Exists(textBox1.Text))
                {
                    textBox4.Text = RedisHelper.Get(textBox1.Text).ToString();
                }
                else
                {
                    textBox4.Text = "已过期或不存在";
                }
            }
            else
            {
                textBox4.Text = "请填写键";
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 分钟数--非Backspace键或数字时处理
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void TextBox3_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
        {
            if (e.KeyChar != 8 && !char.IsDigit(e.KeyChar))
            {
                e.Handled = true;
            }
        }
    }

    5、运行结果：

    参考自：

    https://blog.csdn.net/wu_zongwen/article/details/80318916