c++0x新特性实例(比较常用的)

//array

#include <array>

void Foo()
{
    array<int,10> a;
    generate(a.begin(),a.end(),rand);
    sort(a.begin(),a.end());

    for (auto n:a)
    {
        cout<<n<<endl;
    }
    cout<<"sizeof(a)="<<sizeof(a)<<endl;
}

//auto

#include <vector>
void Foo()
{
    auto a = 10;
    cout<<a<<endl;

    auto b = 20.0f;
    cout<<b<<endl;

    auto& c = a;
    c++;
    cout<<a<<endl;

    vector<int> vec;
    
    for(int i = 0; i<10; i++)
    {
        vec.push_back(i);
    }

    for(auto i = vec.cbegin(); i!=vec.cend(); i++)
    {
        cout<<*i<<endl;
    }

    auto pF = [&c](int i)->int{ return c+=i; };
    cout<<pF(1)<<endl;
    cout<<a<<endl;
}

//regex

#include <regex>
void Foo()
{
    if( regex_match("Hello World!",std::regex("Hello .....!")) )
    {
        cout<<"Math!"<<endl;
    }

    if( regex_search("321Hello World!765",std::regex("Hello .....!")) )
    {
        cout<<"Search!"<<endl;
    }

}

//thread

void Foo()
{
    thread t1([]
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
        {
            cout<<"t1:"<<i<<endl;
        }
    }
    );

    thread t2([]
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
        {
            cout<<"t2:"<<i<<endl;
        }
    }
    );

    t1.join();
    t2.join();
}

//future

#include <future>
int Test(int a,int b)
{
    cout<<"Test("<<a<<","<<b<<")"<<endl;
    return a+b;
}

void Foo()
{
    future<int> f1 = async(Test,1,1);
    cout<<"f1"<<endl;
    future<int> f2 = async(Test,2,2);
    cout<<"f2"<<endl;
    future<int> f3 = async(Test,3,3);
    cout<<"f3"<<endl;

    cout<<f1.get()<<endl<<f2.get()<<endl<<f3.get()<<endl;
}

//enum class

void Foo()
{
#define MAKE_STR(s) #s 
    enum class Type
    {
        I = 0,
        II,
        III,
        IV,
        V
    };

    if (4==(int)Type::V)
    {
        cout<<MAKE_STR(Type::V);
    }
}

//tuple

tuple<int,string,float> Do()
{
    return make_tuple(10,"hi",20.0f);
}
void Foo()
{
    int a = 0;
    string s = "";
    float b = .0f;
    tie(a,s,b) = Do();

    cout<<a<<endl;
    cout<<s.c_str()<<endl;
    cout<<b<<endl;
}

//lambda

#include <functional>
void Foo()
{
    int a = 0;
    int b = 10;
    function<int(int)> pA = [&a,b](int i)->int{ return a+=b+i; };
    cout<<pA(1)<<endl;
    cout<<a<<endl;

    //function<int(int)> pB = [&a,b](int i)->int{ return b+=a+i; }; compile error : 'b': a by-value capture cannot be modified in a non-mutable lambda
    cout<<b<<endl;

    auto pC = [&](int i)->int{ return pA(i); };
    cout<<pC(1);
}

//final

class A final
{
};
/*
class B : public A
{
};
*/
class C
{
    virtual void c()final{ }
};

class D : public C
{
    //virtual void c(){ }
};

//override

class A
{
    virtual void a(){}
};

class B : public A
{
    virtual void a()override{}
    //virtual void a(int i)override{} error
    //virtual void c()override{} error
};