mac下selenium+python环境搭建

selenium2+python的环境搭建主要需要python和selenium

1.python

mac下自带了python，可以查看版本。当然可以选择安装其它版本的python。

2.selenium

在mac自带的终端里输入 sudo easy_install selenium即可完成安装

通过以上两步就完成了最基本的环境安装。一般选择firefox作为自动化测试对应的默认浏览器，当然也可以使用其它浏览器。

以firefox为例，我们可以执行以下python脚本，测试selenium能否正常使用。

from selenium import webdriver
import time
dr = webdriver.Firefox()
time.sleep(5)
print'Browser will be closed'
dr.quit()
print'Browser is close'

执行如上脚本的时候遇到如下报错：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/xxx/Documents/selenium_py/inittest/test.py", line 3, in <module>
    dr = webdriver.Firefox()
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 144, in __init__
    self.service.start()
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/common/service.py", line 81, in start
    os.path.basename(self.path), self.start_error_message)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: 'geckodriver' executable needs to be in PATH. 
[Finished in 0.1s with exit code 1]

原因是使用的firefox版本是56.0，对于比较高版本的firefox浏览器，需要在下载对应的驱动geckodriver。将下载的驱动放到自己需要的目录下。

修改原脚本如下所示，将具体的驱动位置作为入参。

from selenium import webdriver
import time
dr = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path = '/Users/xxx/Documents/selenium_py/geckodriver/geckodriver')
#dr = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path = '/Users/xxx/Documents/selenium_py/chromdriver/chromedriver')
print'Browser will be closed'
dr.quit()
print'Browser is close'

对于其它浏览器只需要在官网http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/ 下载对应的驱动即可。

在脚本里加上了驱动位置以后还是出现了报错

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/xxx/Documents/selenium_py/inittest/test.py", line 3, in <module>
    dr = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path = '/Users/xxx/Documents/selenium_py/geckodriver/geckodriver')
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 144, in __init__
    self.service.start()
  File "/Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/common/service.py", line 102, in start
    raise WebDriverException("Can not connect to the Service %s" % self.path)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: Can not connect to the Service /Users/xxx/Documents/selenium_py/geckodriver/geckodriver
[Finished in 38.3s with exit code 1]

解决这个问题在/etc/hosts文件中将127.0.0.1 localhosts加上即可。

然后就可以正常的运行脚本啦~